https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/api.php?hideminor=1&hidebots=1&days=30&limit=50&action=feedrecentchanges&feedformat=atomScript | Spoken-Tutorial - Recent changes [en]2024-03-28T11:45:42ZTrack the most recent changes to the wiki in this feed.MediaWiki 1.23.17https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C3/Creating-TCP/UDP-flow-with-Star-Topology/English&diff=56525&oldid=56516Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C3/Creating-TCP/UDP-flow-with-Star-Topology/English2024-03-26T07:45:04Z<p></p>
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<a href="https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C3/Dynamic-Routing-Protocol/English&diff=56523&oldid=56515">Show changes</a>Madhurighttps://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Mastering-Communication/C2/The-Power-of-Storytelling/English&diff=56520&oldid=56518Mastering-Communication/C2/The-Power-of-Storytelling/English2024-03-20T06:04:42Z<p></p>
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 06:04, 20 March 2024</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>And make a collage of all the three images and transition to an equal to symbol sign with a text box saying ‘messages’.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>And make a collage of all the three images and transition to an equal to symbol sign with a text box saying ‘messages’.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Are you now wondering where storytelling can be <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">useful</del>?  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Are you now wondering where storytelling can be <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">used</ins>?  </div></td></tr>
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</table>Madhurighttps://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Mastering-Communication/C2/Narrating-a-story-in-PAR-format/English&diff=56519&oldid=0Mastering-Communication/C2/Narrating-a-story-in-PAR-format/English2024-03-19T17:23:53Z<p>Created page with " Approximate duration of the tutorial: Title of the script: '''Narrating a story in PAR format''' Author: Saisudha Sugavanam Illustrations by: Rohit Bhasi Keywords: s..."</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div><br />
<br />
<br />
Approximate duration of the tutorial: <br />
<br />
Title of the script: '''Narrating a story in PAR format'''<br />
<br />
Author: Saisudha Sugavanam<br />
<br />
Illustrations by: Rohit Bhasi<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Keywords: storytelling, storytelling for effective communication, storytelling for job interviews, storytelling for imagination, storytelling for better recall, PAR for storytelling, story narration using PAR format, video tutorial, spoken tutorial.<br />
<br />
<br />
{| border=1<br />
<br />
|| '''Visual Cue'''<br />
|| '''Narration'''<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide 1:'''<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Narrating a story in PAR format'''<br />
|| Welcome to this '''Spoken Tutorial''' on '''How to narrate a story in PAR format.'''<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide 2:'''<br />
<br />
'''What are we going to learn?'''<br />
|| You remember, in the previous tutorial, we looked at PAR briefly. <br />
<br />
It stands for Problem, Action, and Result.<br />
|- <br />
|| Show a college boy with a notebook in his hand and with a puzzled look<br />
<br />
<br />
(on right side of present scene adding text “Use of PAR format” <br />
|| Imagine someone is asking you a question.<br />
<br />
It could be your friends or parents or your interviewers in a job interview. <br />
<br />
<br />
Can we use the PAR format of storytelling to answer the question?<br />
<br />
Let's figure it out in this tutorial.<br />
|- <br />
|| “Animated circle with number 1”<br />
<br />
<br />
Introduce a thought bubble to the boy’s image and in the thought bubble show<br />
|| There are four steps to writing a story in the''' PAR format. '''<br />
<br />
Let's understand them one by one<br />
<br />
The first step in storytelling is to know who you are telling the story to.<br />
<br />
We call them the target audience.<br />
|- <br />
|| The same boy talking to a couple of friends<br />
|| Your target audience could be your friends<br />
|- <br />
|| The same boy talking to his parents<br />
|| Or your parents<br />
|- <br />
|| The same boy talking to his interviewers<br />
|| Or your interviewers.<br />
|- <br />
|| on right side of present scene adding text “Target audience”<br />
|| In general, it's anyone who has asked you the question.<br />
|- <br />
|| “Animated circle with number 2”<br />
<br />
Show friends and in the thought bubble have our young protagonist joyfully riding a cycle or spinning a top<br />
|| The 2nd step is to understand what information they are looking for from you.<br />
<br />
Do your friends want to hear about an event that got you into trouble as a kid? <br />
<br />
Or <br />
|- <br />
|| Show parents and in the thought bubble show the protagonist walking into a college<br />
|| Do your parents want to hear about an event you organized in college?<br />
<br />
Or<br />
|- <br />
|| Show interviewers and in a thought bubble show the progranist in an office set up <br />
|| Do your interviewers want to hear about your skills that would benefit the company?<br />
|- <br />
|| Zoom to boy’s face with paying attention expression<br />
|| Paying attention to the question will help you understand what they are looking for. <br />
<br />
If the question is not entirely clear to you, ask for clarifications.<br />
|- <br />
|| <br />
<br />
Make a gender neutral image with a thinking gesture. The thought bubble should have a question mark. <br />
|| Think of a question someone asked you? <br />
<br />
<br />
Do you remember who that person is and the information they were looking for?<br />
|- <br />
|| Change the expression of the thinking person to a smiling face and have a glowing bulb image in the thought bubble.<br />
|| Great.<br />
<br />
You now know what a target audience is. <br />
<br />
Keep in mind target audience can be a person or a group of people.<br />
|- <br />
|| “Animated circle with number 3”<br />
<br />
<br />
Show stories as text<br />
<br />
<br />
Then transition the text to a collage of images like a child playing with friends, a young person walking into a college, talking in front of an audience<br />
|| Let’s look at''' '''the third step <br />
<br />
<br />
The third step is to think about what you want to say. <br />
<br />
<br />
Stories are a great way to connect<br />
<br />
<br />
Remember, this is about saying in a way that connects with the target audience.<br />
|- <br />
|| <br />
|| But have you ever wondered what these stories are? <br />
<br />
<br />
They are nothing but experiences. <br />
<br />
<br />
They can be your own experiences or the experiences of others. <br />
|- <br />
|| “Animated circle with number 4”<br />
<br />
<br />
Showing a young woman, Smitha, sitting in front of an interview panel.<br />
<br />
Show interviewers asking questions to her.<br />
|| Now lets see the fourth step and the final step. <br />
<br />
How to structure and present your experience in the PAR format. <br />
<br />
For that, I’m going to tell you about a final year college student, Smitha. She is attending her job interview. <br />
<br />
In the interview the interviewers tell her that the role requires multitasking. <br />
<br />
They want her to share her experience of handling multiple tasks at the same time. <br />
<br />
They wanted to know what challenges she faced.<br />
<br />
How she handled them<br />
<br />
And if she managed to complete the tasks.<br />
|- <br />
|| Smitha thinks.<br />
|| Smitha thought for a while and then structured her thoughts like this.<br />
<br />
Who is the target audience: My interviewers<br />
<br />
What information are they looking for from me: <br />
<br />
They want to know if I have the ability to multitask. They want to know how I handled challenges I facedThey also want to know if I managed to complete my tasks. <br />
<br />
|- <br />
|| <br />
|| What story should I tell?: Maybe about how I handled my project submission and played the lead role in final year at the same time?<br />
|- <br />
|| <br />
|| She then structured the story in the PAR format of storytelling.<br />
|- <br />
|| Text “ PROBLEM”Smitha has sheets of drama script in left hand, and a heavier academic book in the other hand. There are more academic books around her on the table. <br />
<br />
<br />
There are arc lights and curtains behind her on the left side. <br />
|| What was the problem:<br />
<br />
Both my project work and drama practice needed my time. <br />
<br />
For the project work, I had to know my subject very well. <br />
<br />
To play the lead character in the drama, I had to memorize my dialogues.<br />
<br />
I had to work on my voice modulation and body language<br />
<br />
What if my project team meetings clash with my drama rehearsals? <br />
|- <br />
|| Text “ACTION”<br />
<br />
Divide illustration into four parts as per smitha’s schedule. <br />
<br />
Show her handling both the drama and the project efficiently.<br />
<br />
<br />
Smitha on whatsapp and phone communicating to her teams.<br />
|| What action did I take:<br />
<br />
I created a detailed to-do-task list, outlining specific activities for each day.<br />
<br />
I allocated time slots for various activities. <br />
<br />
I informed both my project mates and drama team about my commitments. <br />
<br />
I made it clear to my project mates that my drama practice would get over by 8pm. I was available for project-related tasks after that. <br />
<br />
This ensured that my project meetings did not clash with my rehearsals. <br />
|- <br />
|| Text “ Result”<br />
<br />
<br />
Smitha is submitting the project with team<br />
<br />
<br />
Drama rehearsal with team<br />
|| What results did I produce?<br />
<br />
<br />
My teammates and I submitted the project on time.<br />
<br />
<br />
During the culturals, my performance in the drama was highly appreciated by the audience<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
|- <br />
|| We are back to Smitha at the interview table.<br />
|| I hope this experience showcases my ability to excel in multitasking.<br />
<br />
Do you think Smitha’s story convinced her interviewers about her multitasking ability?<br />
<br />
What smita told her interviewers is available as a script. You can access it by opening the file smita-script.txt available in the code file link.<br />
|- <br />
|| '''-Slide 3:'''<br />
|| Ok, let’s summarize what we learnt in this tutorial?<br />
|- <br />
|| Summary<br />
<br />
<br />
Can we show the summary pictorially? <br />
|| To answer a question in PAR format of story telling, the steps we need to follow are:<br />
<br />
<br />
The first step: <br />
<br />
You need to know who you are telling your story to.<br />
<br />
<br />
The second step:<br />
<br />
You need to understand what information they are looking for.<br />
<br />
<br />
The third step:<br />
<br />
You need to think about the experience you want to share.<br />
<br />
<br />
The fourth step:<br />
<br />
Your experience must communicate the information they are looking for.<br />
<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide 4:'''<br />
<br />
<br />
Assignment<br />
|| As an assignment,<br />
<br />
I want you to tell your friends your experience of performing two tasks. Like Smitha, you must have worked on both the tasks at the same time. Use PAR format of storytelling to tell your story. <br />
<br />
<br />
After you narrate your story, ask them what they thought about your presentation. <br />
<br />
<br />
The more often you practice, you will get better at storytelling.<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide 5:'''<br />
<br />
'''About the Spoken tutorial Project'''<br />
|| The video at the following link summarizes<br />
<br />
the Spoken Tutorial project.<br />
<br />
https://spoken-tutorial.org/What is a Spoken<br />
<br />
Tutorial<br />
<br />
• Please download and watch it.<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide 6:'''<br />
<br />
'''Spoken Tutorial workshops'''<br />
|| We conduct workshops and give certificates.<br />
<br />
• For more details, please write to us.<br />
<br />
contact@spoken-tutorial.org<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide 7:'''<br />
<br />
'''Answers for THIS Spoken Tutorial'''<br />
|| If you have questions in THIS Spoken Tutorial,<br />
<br />
Please visit our website.<br />
<br />
https://forums.spoken-tutorial.org<br />
<br />
• Choose the minute and second where you have the<br />
<br />
question.<br />
<br />
• Explain your question briefly.<br />
<br />
• The Spoken Tutorial project will ensure an answer.<br />
<br />
You will have to register to ask questions.<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide 8:'''<br />
<br />
'''Forum for Specific Questions'''<br />
|| The Spoken Tutorial forum is for specific<br />
<br />
questions on this tutorial.<br />
<br />
• Please do not post unrelated and general<br />
<br />
questions on them.<br />
<br />
• This will help reduce the clutter.<br />
<br />
• With less clutter, we can use these discussions<br />
<br />
as instructional material.<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide 9:'''<br />
<br />
'''Acknowledgement'''<br />
|| The Spoken Tutorial project was established<br />
<br />
by the Ministry of Education(MoE), Govt of India.<br />
<br />
IIT Bombay<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide 10:'''<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
|| With this we have come to the end of this tutorial. Its me Sudha signing off. <br />
<br />
Hope you enjoyed learning. <br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Madhurighttps://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Mastering-Communication/C2/The-Power-of-Storytelling/English&diff=56518&oldid=56517Mastering-Communication/C2/The-Power-of-Storytelling/English2024-03-19T15:46:59Z<p></p>
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 15:46, 19 March 2024</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Hand bringing the Question mark icon sticker on the screen from the bottom to center in motion</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Hand bringing the Question mark icon sticker on the screen from the bottom to center in motion<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| So what is storytelling?</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| So what is storytelling?</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| It is done often through words, images, or actions.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| It is done often through words, images, or actions.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Show an audience sitting in an auditorium.<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''' '''</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Show an audience sitting in an auditorium.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| It is done to engage and grab the attention of the audience.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| It is done to engage and grab the attention of the audience.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Hare and the tortoise story image</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Hare and the tortoise story image<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| It involves creating an interesting plot with well-developed characters.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| It involves creating an interesting plot with well-developed characters.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Hare and the tortoise story image with <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">totoise </del>in the front.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Hare and the tortoise story image with <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">tortoise </ins>in the front.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| A plot normally has events with twists and turns for the characters to encounter.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| A plot normally has events with twists and turns for the characters to encounter.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 60:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 60:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Image of man and lady with hand gestures.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Image of man and lady with hand gestures.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Show an audience sitting in an auditorium.<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''' '''</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Show an audience sitting in an auditorium.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| These elements evoke emotions amongst the audience and helps them connect with the story</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| These elements evoke emotions amongst the audience and helps them connect with the story</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| On the other end show a person <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">sta]nding </del>in front of a microphone <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">next </del>show a screen with an action sequence or group of dancers performing.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| On the other end show a person <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">standing </ins>in front of a microphone<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Next </ins>show a screen with an action sequence or group of dancers performing.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| This makes storytelling a powerful medium for communication and entertainment.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| This makes storytelling a powerful medium for communication and entertainment.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Show moving emoticons <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">and </del>make a collage of all the three images and transition to an equal to symbol sign with a text box saying ‘messages’.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Show moving emoticons<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">And </ins>make a collage of all the three images and transition to an equal to symbol sign with a text box saying ‘messages’.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Are you now wondering where storytelling can be useful?  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Are you now wondering where storytelling can be useful?  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 76:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 80:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Stories help us remember better.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Stories help us remember better.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Mother reading a book’ + ‘Child listening’ graphics move towards each other from the side (outside of the screen) to the center on the screen.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Mother reading a book’ + ‘Child listening’ graphics<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Graphics </ins>move towards each other from the side (outside of the screen) to the center on the screen.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 85:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 91:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Child is in the story world. Show the story background and scenes indicating that the child is imagining this while listening to the story.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Child is in the story world.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Show the story background and scenes indicating that the child is imagining this while listening to the story.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 96:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 104:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Let me present Newton’s law of Gravity in two different ways.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Let me present Newton’s law of Gravity in two different ways.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Show two <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">particle </del>Write down the formula of Law of gravitation Animate the above drawing</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Show two <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">particles. </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Write down the formula of Law of gravitation Animate the above drawing</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| First as a plain definition, and then through a story.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| First as a plain definition, and then through a story.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 115:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 125:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| An image of Newton looking up at the apple tree or show newton graphic with number 2 sticker.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| An image of Newton looking up at the apple tree or show newton graphic with number 2 sticker.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Show Newton sitting and reading a book under an apple tree.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Show Newton sitting and reading a book under an apple tree.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Zoom into the tree and show an apple fall.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Zoom into the tree and show an apple fall.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Show Newton thinking with a thought bubble and inside the bubble show the apple falling from the tree.Will this be animated in the bubble?</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Show Newton thinking with a thought bubble and inside the bubble show the apple falling from the tree.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Will this be animated in the bubble?</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Let us now look at presenting the same definition with a story.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Let us now look at presenting the same definition with a story.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 132:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 145:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Did this event inspire him to come up with Newton’s law of gravity?</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Did this event inspire him to come up with Newton’s law of gravity?</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| show two particle Write down the formula of Law of gravitation Animate the above drawing</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| show two particle Write down the formula of Law of gravitation<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Animate the above drawing</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| He proposed that every particle attracts every other particle in the universe.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| He proposed that every particle attracts every other particle in the universe.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
</table>Madhurighttps://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Mastering-Communication/C2/The-Power-of-Storytelling/English&diff=56517&oldid=0Mastering-Communication/C2/The-Power-of-Storytelling/English2024-03-19T15:42:34Z<p>Created page with "Title of the script: '''The''' '''Power of Storytelling''' Author: Saisudha Sugavanam, Bella Tony Video and animation: Khushal Singh Rajput Graphics by: Rohit Bhasi Subjec..."</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>Title of the script: '''The''' '''Power of Storytelling'''<br />
<br />
Author: Saisudha Sugavanam, Bella Tony<br />
<br />
Video and animation: Khushal Singh Rajput<br />
<br />
Graphics by: Rohit Bhasi<br />
<br />
Subject Expert: Vineeta Dwivedi, S.P. Jain Institute of Management and Research, Mumbai.<br />
<br />
Keywords: storytelling, storytelling for effective communication, storytelling for job interviews, storytelling for imagination, storytelling for better recall, video tutorial, spoken tutorial.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{| border=1<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Visual Cue'''<br />
|| '''Narration'''<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Slide 1'''<br />
<br />
'''Title Slide'''<br />
|| Welcome to this '''Spoken Tutorial''' on '''The''' '''Power of Storytelling,'''<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Slide 2'''<br />
<br />
'''What are we going to learn'''<br />
|| These days we hear the word storytelling everywhere. <br />
<br />
But what is it? Where can we use it? <br />
<br />
Can we use it to learn better?<br />
<br />
Connect deeply with our friends and family? <br />
<br />
Or get our dream jobs?<br />
<br />
Let’s figure it out in this tutorial.<br />
|-<br />
|| Hand bringing the Question mark icon sticker on the screen from the bottom to center in motion<br />
|| So what is storytelling?<br />
<br />
Storytelling is the art of conveying a message.<br />
|-<br />
|| show a person standing in front of a microphone.<br />
|| It is done often through words, images, or actions.<br />
|-<br />
|| Show an audience sitting in an auditorium.''' '''<br />
|| It is done to engage and grab the attention of the audience.<br />
|-<br />
|| Hare and the tortoise story image<br />
|| It involves creating an interesting plot with well-developed characters.<br />
|-<br />
|| Hare and the tortoise story image with totoise in the front.<br />
|| A plot normally has events with twists and turns for the characters to encounter.<br />
|-<br />
|| Image of tortoise wining the race.<br />
|| When we detail the personality of the characters in the story, it becomes well-developed.<br />
|-<br />
|| Image of man and lady with hand gestures.<br />
<br />
Show an audience sitting in an auditorium.''' '''<br />
|| These elements evoke emotions amongst the audience and helps them connect with the story<br />
|-<br />
|| On the other end show a person sta]nding in front of a microphone next show a screen with an action sequence or group of dancers performing. <br />
|| This makes storytelling a powerful medium for communication and entertainment. <br />
|-<br />
|| Show moving emoticons and make a collage of all the three images and transition to an equal to symbol sign with a text box saying ‘messages’.<br />
|| Are you now wondering where storytelling can be useful? <br />
|-<br />
|| ‘Mother reading a book’ graphic/sticker<br />
<br />
<br />
‘Child listening’ graphic/sticker<br />
<br />
|| Stories help us remember better.<br />
|-<br />
|| Mother reading a book’ + ‘Child listening’ graphics move towards each other from the side (outside of the screen) to the center on the screen.<br />
<br />
<br />
Show a child with a hand on the forehead like he is thinking with excited face expression and bulb glowing like eureka!<br />
|| Hearing a story helps us imagine what we are listening to. <br />
|-<br />
|| An image of the mother telling a story to her child and make a thought bubble of Hare and the tortoise story on top of the child’s head. <br />
<br />
<br />
Child is in the story world. Show the story background and scenes indicating that the child is imagining this while listening to the story.<br />
<br />
<br />
Show the child listening to both the hare and tortoises’ stories and show an enlightened face expression.<br />
|| Stories help us understand different perspectives, and they leave a lasting impact.<br />
<br />
Let’s look at an example of storytelling.<br />
|-<br />
|| Graphic of Newton’s law of gravitation with elements moving.<br />
|| Let me present Newton’s law of Gravity in two different ways.<br />
|-<br />
|| Show two particle Write down the formula of Law of gravitation Animate the above drawing<br />
|| First as a plain definition, and then through a story.<br />
<br />
<br />
Newton’s law of Gravity states that “every particle attracts every other particle in the universe.<br />
|-<br />
|| Show newton graphic with number 1 sticker.<br />
|| This happens with a force directly proportional to the product of the masses.<br />
<br />
<br />
The force is also inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. <br />
<br />
All okay so far? <br />
<br />
<br />
This is one way to present the definition of Newton’s Law of Gravity.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|| An image of Newton looking up at the apple tree or show newton graphic with number 2 sticker.<br />
Show Newton sitting and reading a book under an apple tree.<br />
<br />
Zoom into the tree and show an apple fall.<br />
<br />
Show Newton thinking with a thought bubble and inside the bubble show the apple falling from the tree.Will this be animated in the bubble?<br />
<br />
|| Let us now look at presenting the same definition with a story. <br />
<br />
Imagine Newton was sitting under an apple tree.<br />
<br />
An apple fell on the ground. <br />
<br />
He suddenly thought of what could have made the apple fall on the ground.<br />
<br />
<br />
Did this event inspire him to come up with Newton’s law of gravity?<br />
|-<br />
|| show two particle Write down the formula of Law of gravitation Animate the above drawing<br />
|| He proposed that every particle attracts every other particle in the universe. <br />
|-<br />
|| Show and zoom into the tree, apple and then show the apple and ground distance.<br />
|| In this case, the attraction is between the ground and the apple.<br />
|-<br />
|| Show newton graphic with number 1 sticker.<br />
<br />
Show Newton writing<br />
<br />
Show the Solar system and how they are connected with the force.<br />
|| This happens with a force directly proportional to the product of their masses<br />
<br />
The force is also inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them<br />
|-<br />
|| (Expand the newton and apple image with questions on the force that brought the apple down and the impact with altered distances)<br />
<br />
Show apple falling with force,directly proportional symbol and earth and apple graphic.<br />
<br />
Show the distance between apple and earth.<br />
<br />
<br />
Show a person thinking about the 1st theory in the first bubble and then the 2nd theory on the second bubble.<br />
<br />
<br />
Show the 1st theory animation. Take the clip that shows the entire explanation from the animation.<br />
<br />
<br />
Show the 2nd theory animation. Take the end clip that shows the relation fully from the animation.<br />
<br />
<br />
Show an apple graphic sticker with sparks from the opposite sides coming to the center behind the apple.<br />
<br />
<br />
Show a person thinking with a thought bubble and inside the bubble show the apple falling from the tree.<br />
<br />
<br />
Show a comparison: a big tree with larger distance from the ground to the apple and a small tree with shorter distance from the ground to the apple.<br />
|| Ok tell me, as a listener, which of the two will you remember better? <br />
<br />
Just the plain definition of Newton's law of gravity?<br />
<br />
<br />
Or the definition presented with the apple story?<br />
<br />
The apple story sparks curiosity, and leaves an image in the listener’s mind.<br />
<br />
<br />
You may wonder what made the apple fall down in the first place. <br />
<br />
If the tree was shorter, would it impact the force?<br />
<br />
<br />
If the apple was heavier, what would have happened? <br />
<br />
<br />
Or - what if he was sitting under a coconut tree?<br />
<br />
<br />
Storytelling is fun. isn’t it?<br />
|-<br />
|| Animate graphics/stickers of camera, dance, painting, talking, singing etc. on the screen.<br />
|| Now let’s look at how we can use storytelling in our day to day life.<br />
|-<br />
|| Fade out the previous screen and show a hand showing two fingers.<br />
|| To make you understand this better, again, I will give you two examples.<br />
|-<br />
|| Show a student in formals on the left side of the screen.<br />
|| Imagine a student named Raja.<br />
|-<br />
|| Show Raja sitting in front of his interviewers.<br />
|| In a job interview, he is trying to convince his interviewers to hire him.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|| Show him talking to the interviewers.<br />
<br />
<br />
Show the interviewers sitting in front of the ed tech company logo. Blur the interviewers and highlight and focus on the logo. Keep the logo as ‘ed-tech’.<br />
|| It is an '''Ed-tech '''Company'''.'''<br />
|-<br />
|| Raja sitting in front of his interviewers showing some documents or highlighted documents.<br />
<br />
Show certificates and medals on the screen.<br />
|| He tells them about the marks he has scored so far.<br />
<br />
<br />
He shows them all the certificates, and medals he has received.<br />
|-<br />
|| Show another student in formals on the left side of the screen. Create a specific look for him to be identified as Rahul.<br />
|| Imagine another student by the name Rahul. <br />
|-<br />
|| Show a vintage video reel with each reel showing different scenarios along with Rahul’s graphic. <br />
<br />
<br />
Show Rahul talking with a talk bubble. Show the school inside the bubble.<br />
<br />
<br />
Zoom into the school and slowly show the school blurred in the background with a vignette filter. Show a few teachers (4) standing in front with a spotlight on them from top.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
|| Along with his certificates and medals, he tells them a story about himself.<br />
<br />
He begins by telling them about his school in his hometown.<br />
|-<br />
|| Show one by one the teachers disappearing or a classroom with students but no teacher.<br />
|| The school lacked good computer teachers during his early years. <br />
<br />
There were many days, the teachers wouldn’t turn up.<br />
|-<br />
|| Show two students on their bench with worried expressions talking to each other.<br />
|| The students would be left not knowing what to do. <br />
|-<br />
|| Show some students sitting in a hall with the N-G-O company people wearing formals and ID cards talking to them.<br />
|| One day, an NGO''' '''offered to help his school.<br />
|-<br />
|| Show the NGO people showing a computer to the students.<br />
<br />
Rahul and students standing before computers<br />
|| It’s mission was to teach computer skills to rural children using technology<br />
<br />
<br />
With their support the students got access to good computer education.<br />
<br />
<br />
The absence of teachers did not matter anymore<br />
<br />
<br />
The NGO encouraged students to be self-learners.<br />
<br />
<br />
It also improved the level of confidence in students<br />
<br />
<br />
He told them that he wished to help students from backgrounds similar to his.<br />
<br />
<br />
He added that this is the reason why he wants to join the company.<br />
|-<br />
|| Show the interviewers sitting in front of the ed tech company logo. Blur the interviewers and highlight and focus on the logo. Keep the logo as ‘ed-tech’.<br />
|| Now let us see how the interviewers could have perceived both the presentations.<br />
|-<br />
|| Show a student in formals on the left side of the screen<br />
<br />
<br />
Raja sitting in front of his interviewers showing some documents or highlighted documents.<br />
<br />
<br />
Show certificates and medals on the screen.<br />
|| First let’s see Raja’s case.<br />
<br />
<br />
The interviewers may be interviewing a lot of people. <br />
<br />
<br />
If what is presented is not interesting, it is likely that they will forget.<br />
<br />
<br />
Do you think it is interesting to see someone’s certificates and medals?<br />
|-<br />
|| <br />
|| Next, let’s see Rahul’s case.<br />
<br />
Remember, along with his certificates and medals, he narrated his story?<br />
|-<br />
|| Show Rahul talking with a talk bubble. Show the school inside the bubble.<br />
|| Through his story, Rahul gave an idea of his early years to the interviewers. <br />
<br />
<br />
When they heard his story, they would have imagined him as a little boy in a school<br />
|-<br />
|| Show one by one the teachers disappearing or a classroom with students but no teacher.<br />
|| They would have picturized a school without teachers.<br />
<br />
<br />
Then imagined students studying in front of a computer<br />
|-<br />
|| <br />
|| Rahul used the story to help his interviewers to get an idea about his early life<br />
<br />
<br />
He also made his intentions very clear.<br />
|-<br />
|| Show the interviewers picture.<br />
|| What do you think? <br />
<br />
<br />
Will the interviewers remember Raja or Rahul?<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|| Show pictures of Raja.<br />
|| Raja would have also had a story. <br />
<br />
<br />
Just that he didn’t choose to communicate that.<br />
|-<br />
|| Slide showing P-A-R alphabets.<br />
<br />
<br />
Show the audience happy along with the speaker standing in front of a microphone or screen with an action sequence or a group of dancers performing (previously shown).<br />
|| This structured way to convey a narrative is known as '''Problem-Action-Result format'''.<br />
|-<br />
|| Show PAR<br />
|| It will be called '''PAR '''in the following tutorials of the same series.<br />
|-<br />
|| Show PAR<br />
|| Let’s break Rahul’s narration in the '''PAR''' format:<br />
|-<br />
|| Show school with teachers.<br />
|| What was the problem? <br />
<br />
In Rahul’s school there were not sufficient teachers. <br />
|-<br />
|| Show students sitting and standing before computers.<br />
<br />
Students holding certificates.<br />
|| What was the action taken? <br />
<br />
<br />
His school provided them access to computer education through an NGO<br />
|-<br />
|| Show students.<br />
|| What was the result achieved? <br />
<br />
He and his fellow classmates became confident self-learners.<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Slide 3'''<br />
<br />
'''Summary'''<br />
|| Ok, Now, let us summarize.<br />
<br />
<br />
In this tutorial, we have learnt about<br />
<br />
the power of storytelling in our communication. <br />
<br />
Storytelling is vast, and we have only given an introduction.<br />
<br />
<br />
With this we come to the end of this tutorial.<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Slide 4'''<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Assignment:'''<br />
<br />
|| As an assignment do the following -<br />
<br />
<br />
''1. Open the file Mahatma-Gandhi's-Salt-March''.txt available in the code file link.<br />
<br />
2. Read the story and categorize it in the PAR format<br />
<br />
3. Identify the problem.<br />
<br />
4. What was the action taken?<br />
<br />
5. What was the result produced?<br />
<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide 5'''<br />
<br />
'''About Spoken Tutorial Project'''<br />
|| The video at the following link summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.<br />
<br />
<br />
Please download and watch it.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide 6'''<br />
<br />
'''Spoken Tutorial workshops'''<br />
|| We conduct workshops and give certificates.<br />
<br />
For more details, please write to us.<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide 7'''<br />
<br />
'''Answers for THIS Spoken Tutorial'''<br />
|| If you have questions in THIS Spoken Tutorial, Please visit our website. <br />
<br />
Choose the minute and second where you have the question.<br />
<br />
Explain your question briefly<br />
<br />
The Spoken Tutorial project will ensure an answer.<br />
<br />
You will have to register to ask questions<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide 8'''<br />
<br />
'''Forum for Specific Questions'''<br />
<br />
|| The Spoken Tutorial forum is for specific questions on this tutorial.<br />
<br />
Please do not post unrelated and general questions on them.<br />
<br />
This will help reduce the clutter.<br />
<br />
With less clutter, we can use these discussions as instructional material.<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide 9'''<br />
<br />
'''Acknowledgement'''<br />
|| The Spoken Tutorial project was established by the Ministry of Education(MoE), Govt of India.<br />
<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide 10'''<br />
<br />
'''Thank you'''<br />
|| Thanks for watching.<br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Madhurighttps://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C3/Creating-TCP/UDP-flow-with-Star-Topology/English&diff=56516&oldid=0Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C3/Creating-TCP/UDP-flow-with-Star-Topology/English2024-03-18T09:16:54Z<p>Created page with "{| border="1" |- || '''Visual Cue''' || '''Narration''' |- || '''Slide:1''''' || Welcome to Spoken tutorial on creating '''TCP/UDP flow '''with''' star topology.''' |- style=..."</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{| border="1"<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Visual Cue'''<br />
|| '''Narration'''<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Slide:1'''''<br />
|| Welcome to Spoken tutorial on creating '''TCP/UDP flow '''with''' star topology.''' <br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show Slide: <br />
<br />
'''Learning Objectives'''<br />
|| In this tutorial, we will learn to<br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Create a '''star topology'''</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Create an on-off application to send '''TCP''' traffic</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Create an on-off application to send '''UDP''' traffic</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Calculate '''throughput''' and '''delay'''</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Analyze the flow using a '''flow monitor.'''</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show Slide: <br />
<br />
'''System Requirements'''<br />
|| To record this tutorial, I am using<br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">'''Ubuntu''' Linux OS version '''22.04.'''</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">'''ns-3''' version 3.38.</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show slide:<br />
<br />
'''Pre-requisites'''<br />
|| To follow this tutorial<br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">The learner must have basic knowledge of using Linux terminal</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">The learner must have understanding of network topologies</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">For pre-requisite Linux and ns-3 tutorials, please visit this website [https://spoken-tutorial.org/ https://spoken-tutorial.org]</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:0.6pt solid #808080;padding:0.176cm;"<br />
|| <div style="color:#252525;">Show Slide:</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#252525;">'''Code Files'''</div><br />
||<br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.87cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#252525;">The files used in this tutorial are provided in the </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''Code files'''</span><span style="color:#252525;"> link.</span></div><br />
* <div style="color:#252525;margin-left:1.87cm;margin-right:0cm;">Please download and extract the files.</div><br />
* <div style="color:#252525;margin-left:1.87cm;margin-right:0cm;">Make a copy and then use them while practicing.</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show slide:<br />
<br />
'''Star topology '''<br />
|| For this tutorial, we would be creating the following topology.<br />
<br />
A '''star topology''' network with '''five point to point links'''.<br />
<br />
The '''hub '''will be a part of all the links and hence, will have '''five IP addresses.'''<br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show Slide:<br />
<br />
'''Classes and Methods'''<br />
|| Let’s look at the '''classes '''and '''methods''' used to create '''TCP''' and '''UDP''' '''flows'''.<br />
<br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">'''PacketSinkHelper '''class is used to create a '''packet sink '''on the '''hub'''. </div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">'''OnOffHelper''' class is used to send a particular traffic to the hub.''' '''</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">'''PointToPointStarHelper '''class is used to create star topology using p2p links.</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Open code editor<br />
|| I have created the source file '''flow2final.cc''' for this program.<br />
<br />
The source code contains the required functions to create, <br />
<br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">A '''TCP flow''' from '''node 3''' to the '''hub'''</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">A '''UDP flow''' from '''node 2 '''to the '''hub.'''</div><br />
<br />
Now we will go through the source file for the program. <br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''Config::SetDefault ("ns3::OnOffApplication::PacketSize", UintegerValue (137));'''<br />
|| To build '''star topology '''let us set up default values for the '''size''' of the packets.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''Config::SetDefault ("ns3::OnOffApplication::DataRate", StringValue ("1400 kb/s"));'''<br />
|| We shall also set the value for '''data rate''' to be '''1400 kbps''' as the default value.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Only narration<br />
|| Let us build a star topology with '''p2p connection'''s.<br />
<br />
For that we shall use the''' PointToPointHelper''' class.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''InternetStackHelper internet;'''<br />
<br />
'''star.InstallStack (internet);'''<br />
<br />
|| Then let us install the''' internet stack''' on all the nodes.<br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''PacketSinkHelper packetSinkHelper ("ns3::TcpSocketFactory", hubLocalAddress);'''<br />
|| Next, we shall create a '''packet sink '''to '''receive''' the''' packets''' on the '''hub.'''<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''ApplicationContainer hubApp = packetSinkHelper.Install (star.GetHub ());'''<br />
|| Then let us create a '''container''' to receive the '''packets''' on the '''hub'''. <br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Only narration<br />
|| Further, we create an''' on-off application''' to send '''TCP/UDP traffic''' to the '''hub'''.<br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight''' OnOffHelper onOffHelper ("ns3::TcpSocketFactory", Address ());'''<br />
|| The address of the '''hub''' is fetched for sending the '''TCP traffic''' to it.<br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''OnTime '''and then '''OffTime'''<br />
|| Now, we set the''' ontime''' to''' 1 '''and''' offtime''' to '''0'''.<br />
Next, we fetch the '''port''' of the '''hub''' from the '''spoke node'''.<br />
<br />
Also let us set the attribute type to '''Remote.'''<br />
<br />
Then install the '''OnOffHelper '''on the '''spoke node'''. <br />
|-<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''OnOffHelper clientHelper("ns3::UdpSocketFactory", Address());'''<br />
|| The address of the '''hub '''is fetched for receiving the '''UDP''' '''traffic '''from '''node 2.'''<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Only Narration<br />
|| We then follow the same procedure as we did for '''TCP.'''<br />
<br />
Now pause the tutorial and repeat the same procedure for '''UDP.'''<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''Ptr<FlowMonitor> flowMonitor;'''<br />
|| Then, '''Initialize''' flow monitor for tracing.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| HIghlight '''FlowMonitorHelper flowHelper;'''<br />
<br />
'''flowMonitor= flowHelper.InstallAll();'''<br />
<br />
|| We shall then install a '''flow monitor''' on all the '''spoke nodes'''.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''Simulator::Run()'''<br />
|| Now, the''' Run()''' function is used to run the simulation.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| HIghlight '''Ptr<Ipv4FlowClassifier> classifier=DynamicCast<Ipv4FlowClassifier> (flowHelper.GetClassifier());'''<br />
|| Let us now create an object of the '''Ipv4FlowClassifier class.'''<br />
<br />
The created '''object '''returns a''' pointer''' to the '''flow classifier.'''<br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''std::map<FlowId,FlowMonitor::FlowStats> stats=flowMonitor->GetFlowStats();'''<br />
|| To store the information about the '''network flow, '''let us use this command.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight the '''entire for loop.'''<br />
<br />
Highlight '''iter->first'''<br />
<br />
Highlight '''iter->second''' <br />
|| Let’s retrieve the details of the flow using a '''for loop.'''<br />
<br />
'''iter arrow first '''is used to collect the '''ID''' of the '''flow.'''<br />
<br />
'''iter arrow second '''is used to collect the '''data '''associated with the''' flow.'''<br />
<br />
We will analyze the '''type of flow''' and '''print''' the''' delay''' and '''throughput'''.<br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''Simulator::Destroy()'''<br />
|| The '''Destroy() '''function ends the simulation.<br />
<br />
Now close the text editor.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| <br />
<br />
Press '''Ctrl, Alt '''and '''T keys'''<br />
<br />
Navigate to the '''ns-allinone-3.38/ns3.38 '''directory<br />
<br />
Type '''mv ~/Downloads/flow2final.cc scratch/flow2final.cc '''to move the source file to '''scratch '''directory.<br />
|| Now we will observe the simulation.<br />
<br />
Open the terminal by pressing '''Ctrl, Alt''' and '''T keys''' simultaneously.<br />
<br />
Using the '''cd '''command, navigate to the installation directory of '''ns-3'''.<br />
<br />
Go to the '''ns-3.38''' directory.<br />
<br />
Move your '''source file''' to the '''scratch '''directory within the '''ns-3.38''' '''directory'''.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Type ./'''ns3 run scratch/flow2final.cc'''<br />
<br />
Highlight '''throughput '''and '''delay'''<br />
|| Run the command ./'''ns3 run scratch/flow2final.cc '''command.<br />
<br />
'''flow2final.cc '''is the name of the source file. <br />
<br />
After compilation, we see the details of '''TCP '''and''' UDP flows'''.<br />
<br />
We also see the''' throughput''' and''' delay''' of the flow.<br />
|-<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show Slide: '''Summary'''<br />
|| This brings us to the end of this tutorial. <br />
<br />
Let us summarize. <br />
<br />
In this tutorial, we have <br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Created a '''star topology'''.</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Created a '''TCP''' flow with star topology.</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Created a''' UDP''' flow with star topology.</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Calculated '''throughput''' and '''delay'''</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Analyzed the''' flow''' using a '''flow monitor.'''</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show Slide:''' Assignment'''<br />
|| As an assignment, please do the following:<br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Create a''' star topology''' with 10 '''spoke''' nodes.</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Create an '''on-off '''application.</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Send '''TCP''' traffic through the '''on-off''' application.</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Set the '''attribute''' to '''Remote.'''</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Analyze the flow using a flow''' monitor.''' </div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show Slide:<br />
<br />
'''Assignment- Observations'''<br />
|| In the terminal, you will observe this output with '''TCP flow'''.<br />
|- style="border:0.75pt solid #808080;padding:0.176cm;"<br />
|| Show Slide:<br />
<br />
'''About Spoken Tutorial Project'''<br />
|| The video at the following link summarizes the '''Spoken Tutorial project'''.<br />
<br />
Please download and watch it.<br />
|- style="border:0.75pt solid #808080;padding:0.176cm;"<br />
|| Show Slide:<br />
<br />
'''Spoken Tutorial Workshops'''<br />
|| The '''Spoken Tutorial Project''' team conducts workshops and gives certificates.<br />
<br />
For more details, please write to us.<br />
|- style="border:0.75pt solid #808080;padding:0.176cm;"<br />
|| Show Slide:<br />
<br />
'''Answers for THIS Spoken Tutorial'''<br />
|| Please post your timed queries in this forum.<br />
|- style="border:0.75pt solid #808080;padding:0.176cm;"<br />
|| Show Slide:<br />
<br />
'''FOSSEE Forum'''<br />
|| For any general or technical questions on ns-3, visit the''' FOSSEE forum''' and post your question<br />
|- style="border:0.75pt solid #808080;padding:0.176cm;"<br />
|| Show Slide: '''Acknowledgement'''<br />
|| <span style="color:#252525;">'''Spoken Tutorial'''</span><span style="color:#252525;"> Project was established by the </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''Ministry of Education, Government of India'''</span><span style="color:#252525;">.</span><br />
|- style="border:0.75pt solid #808080;padding:0.176cm;"<br />
|| Show Slide: '''Acknowledgement'''<br />
|| <span style="color:#252525;">We thank </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''Dr.Moyukh Laha'''</span><span style="color:#252525;"> from </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''IIT Kharagpur'''</span><span style="color:#252525;"> for his domain support.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="color:#252525;">We would also like to thank </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''Dr. R. Radha, Dr. X. Anita, and Dr.T.Subbulakshmi '''</span><span style="color:#252525;">from</span><span style="color:#252525;">''' VIT, Chennai '''</span><span style="color:#252525;">for their support.</span><br />
|- style="border:0.75pt solid #808080;padding:0.176cm;"<br />
|| Show Slide: Thank you<br />
<br />
|| <span style="color:#252525;">This is </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''Arun Santhosh'''</span><span style="color:#252525;"> ,a FOSSEE Summer Fellow 2023, IIT Bombay signing off.</span><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#252525;">Thank you for joining.</div><br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Nirmala Venkathttps://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C3/Dynamic-Routing-Protocol/English&diff=56515&oldid=56514Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C3/Dynamic-Routing-Protocol/English2024-03-15T10:17:51Z<p></p>
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 10:17, 15 March 2024</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Type '''cd ns-allinone-3.38/ns-3.38 '''to navigate to the ns3 installation directory</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Type '''cd ns-allinone-3.38/ns-3.38 '''to navigate to the ns3 installation directory</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Type '''mv ~/Downloads/DynamicRouting.cc scratch/DynamicRouting.cc '''<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">to move the source file to '''scratch '''directory.</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Type '''mv ~/Downloads/DynamicRouting.cc scratch/DynamicRouting.cc '''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Now we will observe the simulation.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Now we will observe the simulation.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
</table>Nirmala Venkathttps://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C3/Dynamic-Routing-Protocol/English&diff=56514&oldid=0Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C3/Dynamic-Routing-Protocol/English2024-03-15T10:15:23Z<p>Created page with "{| border="1" |- || '''Visual Cue''' || '''Narration''' |- || '''Slide:1''' || Welcome to the spoken tutorial on '''Dynamic routing protocols in ns-3'''. |- style="border:1pt..."</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{| border="1"<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Visual Cue'''<br />
|| '''Narration'''<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Slide:1'''<br />
|| Welcome to the spoken tutorial on '''Dynamic routing protocols in ns-3'''.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show slide:<br />
<br />
'''Learning Objectives'''<br />
|| In this tutorial, we will learn to<br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Create a multi-path topology</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Schedule down times for links</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Implement OSPF dynamic routing</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show slide:<br />
<br />
'''System Requirements'''<br />
|| To record this tutorial, I am using:<br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">'''Ubuntu Linux 22.04 OS'''</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">'''ns-3'''.'''38'''</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">'''NetAnim '''visualizer tool</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show slide:<br />
<br />
'''Prerequisite'''<br />
<br />
<div style="color:#3c78d8;">'''https://spoken-tutorial.org/'''</div><br />
|| To follow this tutorial<br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">You must have basic knowledge of '''Linux '''and '''ns-3'''</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">For pre-requisite '''Linux '''and '''ns-3''' tutorials, please visit this website</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show slide:<br />
<br />
'''Code files'''<br />
|| <br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">The files used in this tutorial are provided in the '''Code files''' link</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Please download and extract the files</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Make a copy and then use them while practicing</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show slide:<br />
<br />
'''What is OSPF Routing?'''<br />
|| <br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">'''Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) '''is a link state routing protocol</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">It determines the shortest path between the source and the destination</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show diagram:<br />
<br />
'''Network topology with 6 nodes and four paths'''<br />
|| For this tutorial, we would be creating the following topology:<br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">The topology consists of 6 nodes</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Node 0 is the client node</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Node 5 is the server node</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">There are four paths from client to server</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Each link is '''point-to-point '''connection </div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Open the file '''DynamicRouting.cc '''in text editor<br />
|| I have created the source file '''DynamicRoutingprotocols.cc''' for this program.<br />
<br />
Now we will go through the source code in the text editor.<br />
<br />
The source code contains the required functions to implement '''OSPF dynamic routing.'''<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''Config::SetDefault("ns3::Ipv4GlobalRouting::RespondToInterfaceEvents", BooleanValue(true))'''<br />
|| Using the '''SetDefault '''method, we first enable dynamic routing.<br />
<br />
'''RespondToInterfaceEvents '''enables the '''ns-3''' program to automatically change routes.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight <br />
<br />
'''NodeContainer p2pNodes'''<br />
<br />
'''p2pNodes.Create(6)'''<br />
<br />
|| The node container contains 6 nodes.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight''' stack.Install(p2pNodes);'''<br />
<br />
|| Let’s install an internet stack on the nodes.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''NodeContainer n01, n02, n23, n14, n15, n45;'''<br />
|| Next we create 6 more node containers. <br />
<br />
These containers are for the individual '''point-to-point''' networks.<br />
<br />
The node containers are''' n01''', '''n02''', '''n23''',''' n34''', '''n14''',''' n15''' and '''n45'''.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''Address.SetBase'''<br />
|| Then we assign base addresses to the '''point-to-point '''networks.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight <span style="color:#24292e;">'''10.1.1.0'''</span><br />
|| The address of the network between node 0 and node 1 is 10.1.1.0.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''10.1.2.0'''<br />
|| The address of the network between node 0 and node 2 is 10.1.2.0.<br />
<br />
Similarly, the addresses for other networks are set.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''pointToPoint.Install(n01)'''<br />
|| The '''Install''' method installs point-to-point channels on the nodes.<br />
<br />
The nodes are node 0 and node 1 here.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight''' NetDeviceContainer nd01'''<br />
|| The '''Install '''method returns an object of '''NetDeviceContainer''' class.<br />
<br />
We store it in object nd01.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight''' Address.Assign(nd01)'''<br />
|| The '''Assign '''method assigns '''IP addresses''' to the nodes.<br />
<br />
The''' IP addresses''' are based on the network address..<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''Ipv4InterfaceContainer i01'''<br />
|| The '''Assign '''method returns an '''Ipv4InterfaceContainer''' object.<br />
<br />
We store it in object i01.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''uint16_t port = 9'''<br />
|| Next, we set the port number to 9.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''OnOffHelper onoff'''<br />
|| Then we create '''OnOff applications '''to send packets.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''InetSocketAddress(i45.GetAddress(1), port)'''<br />
|| Here we create a '''UDP socket''' on the remote destination node.<br />
<br />
The socket is created on port 9 of node 5.<br />
<br />
We get the '''IP address''' of node 5 using the i45 object.<br />
<br />
The '''GetAddress '''method is used to get the address of the node with index 1.<br />
<br />
Please note that the indexing is within the i45 interface.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''onoff.SetConstantRate(DataRate("2kbps"))'''<br />
|| Then, we set the properties for the application.<br />
<br />
The '''data rate '''is set to 2kbps.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''onoff.SetAttribute'''<br />
|| The '''packet size''' is set to 50 bytes.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''ApplicationContainer apps = onoff.Install(p2pNodes.Get(0))'''<br />
|| Create an application container.<br />
<br />
Then, install the '''OnOff application '''on node 0.<br />
<br />
Here the indexing is in the overall network.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''apps.Start(Seconds(1.0))'''<br />
|| Set the start time for the apps to 1 second from the start of simulation.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''apps.Stop(Seconds(16.0))'''<br />
|| Similarly set the stop time to 16 seconds from the start of simulation.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''Ipv4GlobalRoutingHelper '''<br />
|| In order to get the routing tables, we create an '''Ipv4GlobalRoutingHelper '''object.<br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''Create<OutputStreamWrapper>'''<br />
|| Then we create an output stream, with the class '''OutputStreamWrapper.'''<br />
<br />
The '''OutputStreamWrapper '''encapsulates an output stream.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''global-routing.routes'''<br />
|| The name of the output file is '''global-routing.routes.'''<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''PrintRoutingTableAllAt'''<br />
|| The '''PrintRoutingTableAllAt '''sets the time at which the routing tables are printed.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''Seconds (2)'''<br />
|| We print the tables two times.<br />
<br />
One at 2 seconds.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''Seconds (12)'''<br />
|| The other at 12 seconds.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''routingStream'''<br />
|| The routes are printed to the output stream created earlier.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Only narration<br />
|| We print the tables two times to observe the dynamic selection of routes.<br />
<br />
Between the two prints, we shall make the shortest link down.<br />
<br />
Then, the next shortest link would be selected dynamically.<br />
<br />
In this program, the network between nodes 1 and 5 will be set down.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''Ptr<Node> n1 = p2pNodes.Get(1)'''<br />
|| Next we create a pointer to the node whose link would be set down.<br />
<br />
In this case, it is node 1.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''n1->GetObject<Ipv4>'''<br />
|| Then, we get the '''IPv4 '''class object for the node using the '''GetObject '''method.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''ipv4ifIndex1 = 1'''<br />
|| Now we need to select the network that has to be set down.<br />
<br />
A single node can be connected to multiple networks.<br />
<br />
We need to specify the index of the network.<br />
<br />
The network indexes start from 1.<br />
<br />
For this tutorial, we are deactivating the link between nodes 0 and 1.<br />
<br />
It is the first network for node 1.<br />
<br />
Hence, the index is 1 here.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(5), &Ipv4::SetDown, ipv41, ipv4ifIndex1)'''<br />
|| Then, we schedule the down time for the network to 5 seconds.<br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''AnimationInterface anim'''<br />
|| Next we create an '''AnimationInterface '''object for '''NetAnim '''animation.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| <span style="color:#24292e;">Highlight </span>'''anim.SetConstantPosition'''<br />
|| Then set the positions for the nodes using the '''SetConstantPosition '''function. <br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''Simulator::Run()'''<br />
|| The '''Run '''function is used to run the simulation<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''Simulator::Destroy()'''<br />
|| And '''Destroy '''function ends the simulation<br />
<br />
Close the text editor.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Press Ctrl,Alt and T keys<br />
Type '''cd ns-allinone-3.38/ns-3.38 '''to navigate to the ns3 installation directory<br />
<br />
Type '''mv ~/Downloads/DynamicRouting.cc scratch/DynamicRouting.cc '''to move the source file to '''scratch '''directory.<br />
|| Now we will observe the simulation. <br />
<br />
Using the '''cd '''command, navigate to the installation directory of '''ns-3'''.<br />
<br />
Go to the '''ns-3.38''' directory.<br />
<br />
Move your source file to the '''scratch '''directory within the '''ns-3.38''' directory.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Type ./'''ns3 run scratch/DynamicRouting.cc'''<br />
|| Run the command '''dot forward slash''' '''ns3 run space scratch forward slash DynamicRoutingprotocols dot cc.'''<br />
<br />
'''DynamicRoutingprotocols dot cc '''is the name of the source file. <br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Keep the terminal open and show the output of the command <br />
|| After compilation, there is no output on the terminal.<br />
<br />
We shall observe the routing tables in the routes file created earlier.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Switch to file manager and open the '''ns-3.38 '''directory.<br />
<br />
Select the '''global-routing.routes '''file.<br />
|| The routes file is created in the same directory from which we run the simulation.<br />
<br />
In this case, it is '''ns-3.38 '''directory.<br />
<br />
In the directory, a file with the name '''global-routing.routes '''should appear.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Open the '''global-routing.routes '''file.<br />
<br />
Highlight '''Node: 0, Time: +2s'''<br />
<br />
|| Open the file by double clicking on it.<br />
<br />
In the file for each node, the following details are shown:<br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">The destination address</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">The gateway</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">The network mask</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Flags</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Metric</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Use</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Interface</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''Destination '''and '''Gateway'''.<br />
|| The destination address and the gateway are of interest to us.<br />
<br />
These represent the possible paths that the packet can take.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Hover over the table under node 0.<br />
|| As configured earlier, the tables are printed two times.<br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''Time: +2s'''<br />
|| Once at 2 seconds, and the next at 12 seconds.<br />
<br />
At 5 seconds, the link between nodes 0 and 1 goes down.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Scroll down and highlight '''Node: 0, Time: +12s'''<br />
|| Hence, at 12 seconds, the routes are different.<br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Hover over the table under node 0.<br />
|| You may inspect the routing tables to see the difference.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Type '''cd ~/ns-allinone-3.38/netanim '''to navigate to the '''netanim '''directory.<br />
|| Now, to visualize the network, we will use '''NetAnim'''. <br />
<br />
Navigate to the '''netanim '''directory under '''ns-allinone-3.38.'''<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Type ./'''NetAnim'''<br />
|| Now type '''dot forward slash NetAnim. '''The '''NetAnim '''window will open.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Click on the '''Open XML trace file '''icon on the top left corner of the window.<br />
|| Click on the '''Open XML trace file '''icon on the top left corner of the window.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| In the file picker, navigate to the '''ns-allinone-3.38/ns-3.38 '''directory and select the '''DynamicRouting.xml '''file.<br />
|| In the file picker, navigate to the '''ns-3.38 '''directory.<br />
<br />
Select the '''DynamicRouting.xml '''file.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| On the toolbar, click on the '''Node Size '''drop down button, and select size 10.<br />
|| On the toolbar, click on the '''Node Size '''drop down button.<br />
<br />
Select size 10.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| On the toolbar, click on the play button<br />
|| On the toolbar, click on the play button to view the simulation.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Hover the cursor over node 0.<br />
|| We see the circles representing the nodes.<br />
<br />
The packets go from node 0 to node 5, via node 1.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Move the cursor over the link between node 0 and node 1.<br />
|| The lines with arrows represent the transfer of packets.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Move the cursor from node 0 to node 1. <br />
<br />
Then move the cursor from node 1 to node 5.<br />
<br />
Move the cursor according to the arrows.<br />
|| The packets go from node 0 to node 5, via node 1.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Hover over the ‘'''Sim time’ '''slider on the toolbar.<br />
<br />
Wait for it to cross 5 seconds.<br />
|| After 5 seconds, the link between nodes 0 and 1 gets down.<br />
<br />
Before the link was set down, path 0-1-5 was the shortest.<br />
<br />
This route goes from nodes 2, 3 and 4.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Hover the cursor over the arrows as they move from node 0 to node 5.<br />
<br />
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Shortest_Path_First https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Shortest_Path_First]<br />
<br />
|| As we can see, the packets automatically switch to the next available route.<br />
<br />
The selection of paths is based on the '''OSPF protoco'''l.<br />
<br />
To learn more about OSPF, please refer to this link<br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show slide: <br />
<br />
'''Summary'''<br />
|| This brings us to the end of the tutorial. Let us summarize.<br />
<br />
In this tutorial, we have learnt to<br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Create a multi-path topology</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Schedule down times for links</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Implement '''OSPF dynamic routing'''</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show slide:<br />
<br />
'''Assignment'''<br />
|| As an assignment, please do the following:<br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Modify the code for the below criteria.</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Make the link between node 1 and node 4 down at 5 seconds</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Generate an XML file for animation</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show slide:<br />
<br />
'''Assignment - Observation'''<br />
|| <span style="background-color:#ffffff;">In </span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">'''NetAnim'''</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">, you will observe the change in routes after 5 seconds.</span><br />
<br />
The route from node 0 to node 5 through node 4 gets chosen automatically.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show slide: <br />
<br />
'''About the Spoken Tutorial Project'''<br />
|| <span style="background-color:#ffffff;">The video at the following link summarizes the </span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">'''Spoken Tutorial project'''</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">.</span><br />
<br />
Please download and watch it.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show Slide:<br />
<br />
<span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#252525;">'''Spoken Tutorial Workshops'''</span> <br />
|| <span style="background-color:#ffffff;">The </span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">'''Spoken Tutorial Project'''</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;"> team conducts workshops and gives certificates.</span><br />
<br />
For more details, please write to us.<br />
|- style="border:0.75pt solid #808080;padding:0.176cm;"<br />
|| <div style="color:#252525;">Show Slide:</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#252525;">'''Answers for THIS Spoken Tutorial'''</div><br />
|| Please post your timed queries in this forum.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| <div style="color:#252525;">Show Slide:</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#252525;">'''FOSSEE Forum'''</div><br />
|| <span style="background-color:#ffffff;">For any general or technical questions on </span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">'''ns-3'''</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">, visit the</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">''' FOSSEE forum'''</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;"> and post your question.</span><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show slide<br />
<br />
'''Acknowledgement'''<br />
|| <span style="color:#252525;">'''Spoken Tutorial'''</span><span style="color:#252525;"> Project was established by the </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''Ministry of Education, Government of India'''</span><span style="color:#252525;">.</span><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show slide<br />
<br />
'''Acknowledgement'''<br />
|| <span style="color:#252525;">We thank </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''Dr.Moyukh Laha'''</span><span style="color:#252525;"> from </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''IIT Kharagpur'''</span><span style="color:#252525;"> for his domain support.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="color:#252525;">We would also like to thank </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''Dr. R. Radha, Dr. X. Anita, and Dr. T. Subbulakshmi '''</span><span style="color:#252525;">from</span><span style="color:#252525;">''' VIT, Chennai '''</span><span style="color:#252525;">for their support</span><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show slide:<br />
<br />
'''Thank You'''<br />
|| <span style="background-color:#ffffff;">This is </span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">'''Josiga, '''</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">a FOSSEE summer fellow 2023, IIT Bombay signing off.</span><br />
<br />
<br />
Thanks for joining.<br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Nirmala Venkathttps://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C2/Connecting-multiple-networks-with-routers/English&diff=56513&oldid=56496Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C2/Connecting-multiple-networks-with-routers/English2024-03-13T12:34:59Z<p></p>
<a href="https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C2/Connecting-multiple-networks-with-routers/English&diff=56513&oldid=56496">Show changes</a>Madhurighttps://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Construction-of-Low-Cost-Houses/C2/Laying-Foundation-bed-Concrete/English&diff=56512&oldid=56506Construction-of-Low-Cost-Houses/C2/Laying-Foundation-bed-Concrete/English2024-03-13T11:58:45Z<p></p>
<table class='diff diff-contentalign-left'>
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 11:58, 13 March 2024</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Title of the Script''': Laying Foundation Bed Concrete  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Title of the Script''': Laying Foundation Bed Concrete  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Authors''': Dr. Narsingh Varma, Chitra <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Balaji </del>and Madhuri Ganapathi  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Authors''': Dr. Narsingh Varma, Chitra <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Devi </ins>and Madhuri Ganapathi  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Key words''': Concrete spreader, Float, Level water tube, Spirit level, Bump Cutter, Screed, Safety shoes, Hand gloves, laitance, hessian cloth, video tutorial.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Key words''': Concrete spreader, Float, Level water tube, Spirit level, Bump Cutter, Screed, Safety shoes, Hand gloves, laitance, hessian cloth, video tutorial.</div></td></tr>
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<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 14:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Title Slide'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Title Slide'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>||Welcome to this Spoken Tutorial on '''Laying Foundation bed Concrete<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. </del>'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>||Welcome to this Spoken Tutorial on '''Laying Foundation bed Concrete'''<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| '''Slide Number 2 '''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| '''Slide Number 2 '''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 113:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 113:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Float is used to level and spread the concrete.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Float is used to level and spread the concrete.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It is made of <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">a </del>wooden strip with a''' '''wooden handle.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It is made of wooden strip with a''' '''wooden handle.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 135:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 135:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Spirit level is a tool used to check the surface level.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Spirit level is a tool used to check the surface level.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It indicates whether <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">the </del>surface is horizontal or not.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It indicates whether surface is horizontal or not.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| 7.bump creed</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| 7.bump creed</div></td></tr>
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<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 174:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>11a.vibratory compactor</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>11a.vibratory compactor</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>||  <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</del>Preparatory work for bed concrete.<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>||  Preparatory work for bed concrete.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Remove loose materials if any from the excavated pit.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Remove loose materials if any from the excavated pit.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 217:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 217:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>17a.spread concrete</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>17a.spread concrete</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>||<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</del>Laying of concrete<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>||Laying of concrete</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Mark benchmarks of average 8 cm thickness from the base of the foundation pit.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Mark benchmarks of average 8 cm thickness from the base of the foundation pit.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 245:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 245:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>21a.21b.21c.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>21a.21b.21c.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>||<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</del>Leveling and finishing<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>||Leveling and finishing</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Remove local unevenness of concrete if any using a bump cutter.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Remove local unevenness of concrete if any using a bump cutter.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 253:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 253:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In case of formation of latiance, sprinkle dry cement over the foundation bed.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In case of formation of latiance, sprinkle dry cement over the foundation bed.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Compact the foundation bed again to make it uniform.Laying and leveling must be completed when concrete is wet.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Compact the foundation bed again to make it uniform.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Laying and leveling must be completed when concrete is wet.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>||  22.hessian cloth</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>||  22.hessian cloth</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 261:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 263:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>23a.watering</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>23a.watering</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>||'''Curing'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>||'''Curing'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Cure concrete by covering it with wet hessian cloth.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Cure concrete by covering it with wet hessian cloth.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
</table>Madhurighttps://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Construction-of-Low-Cost-Houses/C2/Building-Wall-Foundation-using-Bricks/English&diff=56511&oldid=56508Construction-of-Low-Cost-Houses/C2/Building-Wall-Foundation-using-Bricks/English2024-03-13T11:38:16Z<p></p>
<a href="https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Construction-of-Low-Cost-Houses/C2/Building-Wall-Foundation-using-Bricks/English&diff=56511&oldid=56508">Show changes</a>Madhurighttps://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Construction-of-Low-Cost-Houses/C2/Building-Wall-Foundation-using-Bricks/English&diff=56508&oldid=0Construction-of-Low-Cost-Houses/C2/Building-Wall-Foundation-using-Bricks/English2024-03-11T12:02:26Z<p>Created page with "Build a foundation using common burnt clay bricks Title of the Script: '''Building wall foundation using bricks.''' Authors: Dr. Narsingh Varma, Chitra Devi and Madhuri Ga..."</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>Build a foundation using common burnt clay bricks<br />
<br />
<br />
Title of the Script: '''Building wall foundation using bricks.'''<br />
<br />
<br />
Authors: Dr. Narsingh Varma, Chitra Devi and Madhuri Ganapathi<br />
<br />
<br />
Key words: bricks, conventional bricks, modular bricks, water, cement, sand, mortar, video tutorial.<br />
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<br />
{| border=1<br />
|-<br />
|| Visual Cue<br />
|| Narration<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide Number 1'''<br />
<br />
'''Title Slide'''<br />
|| Welcome to this Spoken Tutorial on '''Building wall foundation using bricks'''.<br />
<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide Number 2'''<br />
<br />
'''Learning Objectives'''<br />
|| In this tutorial we will learn about,<br />
<br />
<br />
* Materials used to build a wall foundation.<br />
* Classification of bricks.<br />
* Field Test on bricks.<br />
* Steps to build a wall foundation using burnt clay bricks.<br />
<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide Number 3'''<br />
<br />
'''Pre-requisites'''<br />
<br />
https://'''spoken-tutorial.org'''<br />
|| To practise this tutorial, learners should be familiar with basic construction methods.<br />
<br />
<br />
For the prerequisite tutorials, please visit this site.<br />
|- <br />
|| 1a.brick mortar and cement <br />
<br />
1.Good quality bricks<br />
<br />
2.Cement<br />
<br />
3.Sand<br />
<br />
4.Water 5.mortar<br />
<br />
6a. Mortar mixed on concrete floor<br />
<br />
|| Materials required to build a wall foundation are <br />
<br />
<br />
Burnt clay bricks and cement mortar<br />
<br />
<br />
Cement, sand and water are mixed together to make cement mortar.<br />
<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide number 4'''<br />
<br />
'''Types and characteristics of Bricks'''<br />
|| Selecting bricks is an important criteria for brick wall foundation.<br />
<br />
Let us now see about the types and characteristics of bricks .<br />
<br />
<br />
According to '''IS code 1077''' bricks are classified based on size and strength.<br />
<br />
|- <br />
|| 7.Conventional bricks<br />
<br />
7a.Conventional bricks2<br />
<br />
8.Modular brick<br />
<br />
8a.Modular brick 2<br />
|| Classification of burnt clay bricks based on the size <br />
<br />
Conventional bricks: size<br />
<br />
230 mm x 110 mm x 70 mm<br />
<br />
230 mm x110 mm x 30 mm<br />
<br />
Modular bricks: size<br />
<br />
190 mm x 90 mm x 90 mm<br />
<br />
190 mm x 90 mm x 40 mm.<br />
<br />
|- <br />
|| 9.classification of bricks image<br />
|| Based on compressive strength bricks are classified into different classes.<br />
<br />
Brick Class designation is shown in this table.<br />
<br />
|- <br />
|| 10.well burnt bricks<br />
<br />
11.brick struck<br />
<br />
11.brick struck.mp4<br />
<br />
<br />
12. Brick texture<br />
<br />
<br />
1.good quality bricks<br />
<br />
15. load bearing walls<br />
<br />
15a. load bearing walls<br />
<br />
<br />
|| Characteristics of good quality well Burnt Clay Bricks<br />
<br />
<br />
Well burnt bricks should be without any cracks.<br />
<br />
They should give a clear metallic sound when two bricks are struck together.<br />
<br />
They should have uniform colour, and good texture.<br />
<br />
<br />
Bricks should be of standard size.<br />
<br />
<br />
Brick should have a perfectly rectangular shape with sharp edges.<br />
<br />
These bricks are good for foundation, load bearing and external walls. <br />
<br />
|-<br />
|| Under Burnt Clay Bricks <br />
<br />
<br />
16.under burnt bricks<br />
<br />
|| Under burnt clay bricks are dull in colour compared to well burnt bricks.<br />
<br />
They have low strength and high water absorption capacity.<br />
<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|| Over Burnt Clay Bricks<br />
<br />
<br />
17.overburnt bricks<br />
<br />
<br />
Over burnt clay bricks<br />
<br />
<br />
They are irregular in shape as they get distorted due to over burning. <br />
<br />
<br />
They have non-uniform colour and texture. <br />
<br />
<br />
These are not good for coursed masonry construction.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|| Slide Number 5<br />
<br />
Simple field tests on bricks<br />
|| Simple field tests on bricks.<br />
|- <br />
|| 18. Weighing brick<br />
<br />
<br />
18a. Soaking of bricks<br />
<br />
18b. Soaking of bricks<br />
<br />
18c. Bricks in water<br />
<br />
18d. Wipe with cloth<br />
<br />
18. Weighing brick<br />
<br />
<br />
Write in base slide as “The formula to calculate water absorption is:<br />
<br />
100 (W2-W1)/W1”<br />
<br />
|| Water absorption test<br />
<br />
It determines the percentage of water absorbed by a brick when soaked in water.<br />
<br />
<br />
Let’s see the procedure of the test according to IS code: 3495-Part 2<br />
<br />
Weigh a completely dry brick, let its weight be W1.<br />
<br />
Immerse the brick in water for 24 hours.<br />
<br />
Take the brick out of water.<br />
<br />
<br />
Wipe it with a wet cloth to remove traces of surface water.<br />
<br />
Weigh the brick within 3 minutes of removal from water.<br />
<br />
<br />
Let its weight be W2.<br />
<br />
The formula to calculate water absorption is:<br />
<br />
100 (W2-W1)/W1.<br />
<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide number 6 +7'''<br />
<br />
'''Permissible Water Absorption of Bricks'''<br />
<br />
|| Maximum water absorption for bricks of class 12.5 and below is 20% <br />
<br />
<br />
Maximum water absorption for bricks above class 12.5 is 15%<br />
<br />
<br />
Lesser the water absorption, better is the quality of brick.<br />
<br />
<br />
Hence bricks above class 12.5 have better quality.<br />
<br />
<br />
These provisions are according to '''''IS code: 1077'''''<br />
|- <br />
|| 13. Brickfall a<br />
<br />
13. Brick fall b<br />
<br />
13. Brick wall a- potrait<br />
<br />
13. Brick wall b- potrait<br />
<br />
|| Strength Test<br />
<br />
<br />
Drop a brick flat on a hard surface from 1 meter height.<br />
<br />
A good brick will not break.<br />
<br />
<br />
|- <br />
|| Scratch surface of brick with nail.<br />
<br />
<br />
14. Scratch brick<br />
<br />
<br />
14a. Scratch brick mp4<br />
<br />
|| Hardness test<br />
<br />
<br />
Scratch surface of brick with nail.<br />
<br />
Scratch impressions will not be formed on the surface of a good brick. <br />
<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide number 8'''<br />
<br />
'''Foundation design '''<br />
|| Let’s discuss foundation design and preparatory work for construction of a wall.<br />
<br />
Design wall foundation details given below are according to '''IS code: 1080'''<br />
<br />
|- <br />
|| 19a. Width of wall foundation<br />
<br />
19b. Width of wall foundation<br />
<br />
19c. Width of wall foundation<br />
<br />
19d. Width of wall foundation<br />
<br />
20. Brick work in steps<br />
<br />
|| Base course of brick work for footing B= W+300 in millimeter.<br />
<br />
Where W is the width of the wall above the plinth. <br />
<br />
Foundation masonry is done in steps. <br />
<br />
Minimum thickness at the end is 150 mm.<br />
<br />
Minimum width of offset is 75 mm.<br />
<br />
Maximum ratio of step thickness and offset should be 2<br />
<br />
Brick work for foundation should start after curing the base concrete.<br />
<br />
<br />
Base concrete curing should be a minimum of 3 days .<br />
<br />
|- <br />
|| 7. Conventional brick<br />
<br />
<br />
8. Modular brick<br />
|| Minimum foundation width, using conventional bricks:<br />
* B = 230+300 = 530mm thick<br />
<br />
Where 230 mm is the length of conventional bricks.<br />
<br />
Minimum foundation width,using modular bricks: <br />
<br />
* B =190+ 300 = 490mm thick<br />
<br />
Where 190 mm is the length of modular brick.<br />
<br />
|- <br />
|| Slides Number 9<br />
<br />
Mix proportioning of cement mortar<br />
<br />
<br />
Cement mortar mixture 1:3 is used for laying the brick wall foundation.<br />
<br />
<br />
21. Cement bag<br />
<br />
21a. 3 box of sand<br />
<br />
21b. Water<br />
<br />
21c. Cement water in GI tray<br />
<br />
32. Good mortar mix<br />
|| Mix proportioning of cement mortar<br />
<br />
Cement mortar mixture 1:3 is used for laying the brick wall foundation.<br />
<br />
1 bag of cement, 3 boxes of sand and 15 litres of water.<br />
<br />
These materials are mixed together in a GI tray.<br />
<br />
Add more water if needed to make the mortar homogeneous and workable.<br />
<br />
A good homogeneous mix will have all sand grains coated with cement.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|| Slide number 10<br />
<br />
23. Workplace bricks<br />
<br />
24. Lines and pins<br />
<br />
24a. Lines and pi<br />
<br />
<br />
28. Brick wall with plinth<br />
<br />
29. Brick wall with proper joint<br />
<br />
|| Construction procedure for laying of bricks.<br />
<br />
<br />
All provisions mentioned are according to '''IS code 2212'''<br />
<br />
<br />
Remove the soaked bricks from the soaking tank and store near the workplace.<br />
<br />
<br />
Fix foundation wall alignment using lines and pins.<br />
<br />
Foundation masonry should start simultaneously from both ends of the wall.<br />
<br />
<br />
Lay the cement mortar 12 mm thick for a small length and proceed with laying bricks.<br />
<br />
<br />
Do not spread mortar on a full wall at a time.<br />
<br />
<br />
Lay the bricks with frogs downwards.<br />
<br />
Provide 10 mm thick vertical joints.<br />
<br />
Joints should be symmetrically staggered in subsequent layers.<br />
<br />
Immediate layers just one over the other should not have vertical joints in line. <br />
|- <br />
|| Write on the image as curing<br />
<br />
<br />
30. Curing<br />
<br />
30a.Curing of bricks<br />
|| Curing <br />
<br />
<br />
Curing must be done by sprinkling water or by covering it with wet hessian cloth.<br />
<br />
<br />
Curing of brick work must be done for a minimum of 14 days.<br />
|- <br />
||31. Surface dry bricks<br />
<br />
<br />
32. Good mortar mix<br />
<br />
32a. Headpan with mortar mix<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
28. Brick wall with plinth<br />
<br />
<br />
29. Brick wall with proper joint<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
30. Curing<br />
<br />
30a. Curing of bricks<br />
|| Quality control<br />
<br />
<br />
Bricks being used must be surface dry but fully saturated with water.<br />
<br />
<br />
Mortar must be fresh,workable and homogeneous.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Vertical joints of immediate lower or higher course should not be in the same line.<br />
<br />
<br />
All joints must be fully filled with mortar.<br />
<br />
Mixed cement sand mortar must be consumed before any work break.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Regular wetting of masonry must be ensured.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
|- <br />
|| <br />
|| With this we come to the end of this tutorial. Let us summarise.<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide Number 11'''<br />
<br />
'''Summary'''<br />
|| In this tutorial we have learnt about,<br />
<br />
Materials used to build a wall foundation.<br />
<br />
Classification of bricks.<br />
<br />
Field Test on bricks.<br />
<br />
Steps to build a wall foundation using burnt clay bricks.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide Number 12'''<br />
<br />
'''About Spoken Tutorial project '''<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
|| The video at the following link summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.<br />
<br />
Please download and watch it. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide Number 13'''<br />
<br />
'''Spoken Tutorial workshops'''<br />
|| The Spoken Tutorial Project team:<br />
<br />
conducts workshops and gives certificates.<br />
<br />
For more details, please write to us.<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide Number 14'''<br />
<br />
'''Forum for specific questions'''<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
|| Please post your timed queries in this <br />
<br />
forum.<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide Number 15'''<br />
<br />
'''Acknowledgement'''<br />
|| The Spoken Tutorial Project was established by the Ministry of Education, Government of India.<br />
<br />
<br />
|- <br />
|| '''Slide Number 16'''<br />
<br />
'''Thank you'''<br />
|| This tutorial is contributed by Dr. Narsingh Varma,Chitra Devi and Madhuri Ganapathi from IIT Bombay<br />
<br />
<br />
Thank you for joining.<br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Madhurighttps://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=GChemPaint&diff=56507&oldid=47379GChemPaint2024-03-11T06:47:18Z<p></p>
<table class='diff diff-contentalign-left'>
<col class='diff-marker' />
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<tr style='vertical-align: top;'>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 06:47, 11 March 2024</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''GChempaint''' was developed by '''Jean Bréfort''' in 2001.</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''GChemPaint''' <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">is a 2D chemical structures editor for the Gnome-2 desktop. It </ins>is a two dimensional chemical structure editor for '''Linux Operating System'''. It is free and open source software(FOSS) developed in 'C'. It is useful for students, teachers and teacher educators, researchers<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. '''GChempaint''' was developed by '''Jean Bréfort''' in 2001</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''GChemPaint''' is a two dimensional chemical structure editor for '''Linux Operating System'''. It is free and open source software(FOSS) developed in 'C'. It is useful for students, teachers and teacher educators, researchers.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For details visit http://www.nongnu.org/gchempaint/'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For details visit http://www.nongnu.org/gchempaint/'''</div></td></tr>
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</table>Madhurighttps://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Construction-of-Low-Cost-Houses/C2/Laying-Foundation-bed-Concrete/English&diff=56506&oldid=0Construction-of-Low-Cost-Houses/C2/Laying-Foundation-bed-Concrete/English2024-03-07T10:10:53Z<p>Created page with "'''Title of the Script''': Laying Foundation Bed Concrete '''Authors''': Dr. Narsingh Varma, Chitra Balaji and Madhuri Ganapathi '''Key words''': Concrete spreader, Float,..."</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>'''Title of the Script''': Laying Foundation Bed Concrete <br />
<br />
'''Authors''': Dr. Narsingh Varma, Chitra Balaji and Madhuri Ganapathi <br />
<br />
'''Key words''': Concrete spreader, Float, Level water tube, Spirit level, Bump Cutter, Screed, Safety shoes, Hand gloves, laitance, hessian cloth, video tutorial.<br />
<br />
<br />
{|border=1<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Visual Cue'''<br />
|| '''Narration'''<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Slide Number 1'''<br />
<br />
'''Title Slide'''<br />
||Welcome to this Spoken Tutorial on '''Laying Foundation bed Concrete. '''<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Slide Number 2 '''<br />
<br />
'''Learning Objectives'''<br />
||In this tutorial we will learn about:<br />
<br />
* What is foundation bed concrete.<br />
* Materials and tools required for laying the concrete.<br />
* Process of laying foundation bed concrete.<br />
* Safety precautions and<br />
* Quality check<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Slide Number 3'''<br />
<br />
'''Pre-requisites'''<br />
<br />
'''https://spoken-tutorial.org'''<br />
||To practice this tutorial, learners should be familiar with basic construction methods.<br />
<br />
For the prerequisite tutorials, please visit this site.<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Slide Number 4'''<br />
<br />
'''Details of foundation bed concrete'''<br />
||Let us now learn about general terms on foundation bed concrete.<br />
|-<br />
|| <br />
13. details of foundation bed<br />
<br />
foundation bed<br />
<br />
laying bed concrete <br />
<br />
||'''Foundation:'''<br />
<br />
It is the lowest part of the building that is in direct contact with the soil.<br />
<br />
It transfers load from the superstructure to the soil safely. <br />
<br />
Foundation bed:<br />
<br />
The soil immediately beneath the foundation of a building is foundation bed.<br />
<br />
In load bearing structures, PCC has to be laid at the foundation bed after excavation.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Slide Number 5'''<br />
<br />
'''Purpose of Laying PCC'''<br />
||The purpose of laying of PCC at foundation bed is to:<br />
Level the undular surface of excavated soil.<br />
<br />
Provide firm surface to the foundation<br />
<br />
More information on this is given in the '''Additional reading material'''.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Slide Number 6'''<br />
<br />
'''Materials and Tools Required'''<br />
<br />
||Materials and tools needed for laying foundation bed concrete.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|| copy of 1 ,copy of 2 copy of 5b, copy of 13.a<br />
<br />
1.cement concrete<br />
<br />
1a.cement concrete<br />
||The materials are: Cement, sand, 20 mm and 10 mm coarse aggregates and water.<br />
<br />
These ingredients are mixed in the ratio 1:3:6 to make plain cement concrete.<br />
<br />
Concrete mix can vary as per local technical guidance and site conditions. <br />
<br />
|-<br />
|| Narration<br />
<br />
add text on plain base<br />
||Tools required for foundation bed concrete. <br />
|-<br />
|| 2.concrete spreader<br />
<br />
2a.concrete spreader<br />
<br />
2b.concrete spreader<br />
||'''Concrete spreader'''<br />
<br />
It is used to spread the concrete. <br />
|-<br />
|| 3.float<br />
<br />
3a.float<br />
||'''Float''' <br />
<br />
Float is used to level and spread the concrete.<br />
<br />
It is made of a wooden strip with a''' '''wooden handle.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|| 4.Trowel<br />
||'''Trowel'''<br />
<br />
Trowel is a tool for leveling and finishing the concrete.<br />
<br />
It is made up of a steel sheet with a wooden handle.<br />
|-<br />
|| 5.water level <br />
||'''Level water tube'''<br />
<br />
It is a thin, transparent and flexible plastic pipe.<br />
<br />
It is used to fix and mark the same height between larger distances.<br />
|-<br />
|| 6.leveller<br />
||'''Spirit level'''<br />
<br />
Spirit level is a tool used to check the surface level.<br />
<br />
It indicates whether the surface is horizontal or not.<br />
|-<br />
|| 7.bump creed<br />
<br />
7a.bump creed<br />
<br />
bumpcutter 1 <br />
<br />
bump cutter 2<br />
||'''Bump Cutter '''or''' Screed'''<br />
<br />
It is used to level fresh concrete surfaces <br />
<br />
Leveling is done by cutting bumps and filling the depressions. <br />
<br />
It is also used to compact concrete, especially plain cement concrete.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Narration'''<br />
<br />
'''Slide Number 7'''<br />
<br />
'''Laying Foundation bed Concrete'''<br />
||Let us see the steps involved in the process of laying foundation bed concrete.<br />
<br />
* Preparatory work for bed concrete<br />
* Side shuttering<br />
* Laying of concrete<br />
* Leveling and finishing <br />
* Curing of concrete<br />
<br />
All provisions mentioned in this tutorial are according to Indian Standard (IS) codes.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|| 10.Excavated pit<br />
<br />
11.vibratory compactor<br />
<br />
11a.vibratory compactor<br />
|| '''Preparatory work for bed concrete.'''<br />
<br />
Remove loose materials if any from the excavated pit.<br />
<br />
Remove the top 10 cm soil, if the excavation was completed before.<br />
<br />
In case of filled soil, check and consolidate soil using a vibratory compactor.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|| 12.side shuttering<br />
<br />
width of excavation<br />
<br />
width of excavation more<br />
<br />
width of excavation more 1<br />
<br />
13.Details of foundation bed<br />
<br />
width of footing offset<br />
||'''Side shuttering'''<br />
<br />
Side shuttering helps to mould the wet concrete in place until it is set.<br />
<br />
If width of excavation is more than the width of bed concrete then, side shuttering is needed.<br />
<br />
side shuttering has to be provided at the required width of bed concrete.<br />
<br />
Width of bed concrete is width of footing plus 8 cm offset on sides.<br />
|-<br />
|| 14.marking of shuttering<br />
<br />
15. level tube<br />
<br />
16. pouring of concrete<br />
<br />
pouring of concrete 1 <br />
<br />
pouring of concrete 2<br />
<br />
17.spread concrete<br />
<br />
17a.spread concrete<br />
||'''Laying of concrete'''<br />
<br />
Mark benchmarks of average 8 cm thickness from the base of the foundation pit. <br />
<br />
These markings are done at various locations along the excavated trench.<br />
<br />
This is done using a water level tube, to ensure uniform laying of concrete.<br />
<br />
The concrete mix is poured inside the foundation pit up to the marking.<br />
<br />
Care has to be taken while pouring the concrete into the foundation pit.<br />
<br />
The maximum permissible free fall of concrete should be 150 cm.<br />
<br />
Spread concrete uniformly using hoe or spreader up to benchmark level.<br />
|-<br />
|| bump cutter1<br />
<br />
bump cutter 2<br />
<br />
19.latiance<br />
<br />
20.sprinkle some cement<br />
<br />
21.leveling<br />
<br />
21a.21b.21c.<br />
<br />
||'''Leveling and finishing'''<br />
<br />
Remove local unevenness of concrete if any using a bump cutter.<br />
<br />
Consolidate concrete using screed.<br />
<br />
In case of formation of latiance, sprinkle dry cement over the foundation bed.<br />
<br />
Compact the foundation bed again to make it uniform.Laying and leveling must be completed when concrete is wet.<br />
|-<br />
|| 22.hessian cloth<br />
<br />
23. watering<br />
<br />
23a.watering<br />
||'''Curing'''<br />
Cure concrete by covering it with wet hessian cloth. <br />
<br />
Keep the cloth wet by watering for few days before starting the masonry work.<br />
<br />
Curing must be continued till the start of masonry or minimum 14 days.<br />
|-<br />
|| <br />
24.personal protective <br />
<br />
gloves, gloves1 and gloves 2<br />
<br />
<br />
24a.safety shoes<br />
<br />
24b.specs<br />
<br />
googles<br />
<br />
try to fit googles and shoes and gloves in page<br />
<br />
||'''Safety Precautions'''<br />
<br />
Always wear personal protective equipment on construction sites.<br />
<br />
Hand gloves provide safety to hands against construction chemicals.<br />
<br />
Shoes provide safety to legs against the toxic effect of cement. <br />
<br />
Shoes also prevent physical injury to the legs.<br />
<br />
Safety goggles prevent eye irritation from chemicals and concrete dust. <br />
|-<br />
|| laying bed concrete<br />
<br />
25.foundation bed level<br />
<br />
26.segregation<br />
<br />
27.bleeding<br />
<br />
28.slump <br />
<br />
||'''Quality Check'''<br />
<br />
Check the foundation bed level using spirit level.<br />
<br />
It must be horizontal.<br />
<br />
PCC must be free from segregation and bleeding.<br />
<br />
Slump value of concrete should be 25 mm to 75 mm.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Slide Number 8'''<br />
<br />
Reference codes<br />
||These are the reference IS codes.<br />
<br />
IS 456 <br />
<br />
IS 1904 <br />
<br />
IS 1080 <br />
|-<br />
|| Only Narration.<br />
||With this we come to the end of this tutorial.<br />
<br />
Let us summarise.<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Slide Number 9'''<br />
<br />
'''Summary '''<br />
<br />
||In this tutorial we have learnt about,<br />
<br />
* What is foundation bed concrete.<br />
* Materials and tools required for laying the concrete.<br />
* Process of laying foundation bed concrete.<br />
* Safety precautions and<br />
* Quality check<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Slide Number 10'''<br />
<br />
'''About Spoken Tutorial project '''<br />
<br />
||The video at the following link summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.<br />
<br />
Please download and watch it. <br />
<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Slide Number 11'''<br />
<br />
'''Forum for specific questions'''<br />
<br />
||Please post your timed queries in this <br />
<br />
forum.<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Slide Number 12'''<br />
<br />
'''Acknowledgement slide.'''<br />
||The Spoken Tutorial Project was established by Ministry of Education, Government of India.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Slide Number 13'''<br />
<br />
'''Thank you '''<br />
<br />
||This tutorial is contributed by Dr. Narsingh Varma, Chitra Devi and Madhuri Ganapathi from IIT Bombay<br />
<br />
Thank you for joining.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Madhurighttps://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=GeoGebra_5.04&diff=56505&oldid=56501GeoGebra 5.042024-03-04T10:25:24Z<p></p>
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 10:25, 4 March 2024</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan='4' style='text-align: center;' class='diff-multi'>(2 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">GeoGebra</del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>GeoGebra is a free and open source mathematics software.It includes interactive Graphics, Algebra, CAS and Spreadsheet views. GeoGebra is available for Windows, Mac OS and Linux. GeoGebra has tablet apps for Android, iPad and Windows. It is intended for teaching and learning mathematics and science from primary school to university level. GeoGebra facilitates the creation of mathematical constructions and drawings with points, vectors, segments, lines, polygons, etc.It can used to prove geometrical theorems and laws. It is freely available for download at www.geogebra.org. For the creation of this series we are using GeoGebra version 5.0.438.0-d  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>GeoGebra is a free and open source mathematics software.It includes interactive Graphics, Algebra, CAS and Spreadsheet views. GeoGebra is available for Windows, Mac OS and Linux. GeoGebra has tablet apps for Android, iPad and Windows. It is intended for teaching and learning mathematics and science from primary school to university level. GeoGebra facilitates the creation of mathematical constructions and drawings with points, vectors, segments, lines, polygons, etc.It can used to prove geometrical theorems and laws. It is freely available for download at www.geogebra.org. For the creation of this series we are using GeoGebra version 5.0.438.0-d  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
</table>Madhurighttps://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Applications_of_GeoGebra&diff=56502&oldid=47366Applications of GeoGebra2024-03-04T10:20:38Z<p></p>
<table class='diff diff-contentalign-left'>
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 10:20, 4 March 2024</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>GeoGebra is a dynamic and interactive mathematics software for geometry, algebra, calculus, trigonometry and statistics. Tools in GeoGebra are helpful in various constructions and calculations. Entry of equations and mapping of various variables can be done using the tools, input bar, CAS and spreadsheet views. Interactive explorations can be done using the tools in 2D and 3D Graphics modes. GeoGebra is a very useful tool to learn and teach different branches of mathematics.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>GeoGebra <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">5 </ins>is a dynamic and interactive mathematics software for geometry, algebra, calculus, trigonometry and statistics. Tools in GeoGebra are helpful in various constructions and calculations. Entry of equations and mapping of various variables can be done using the tools, input bar, CAS and spreadsheet views. Interactive explorations can be done using the tools in 2D and 3D Graphics modes. GeoGebra is a very useful tool to learn and teach different branches of mathematics.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>GeoGebra desktop application are available for Windows, Mac OS and Linux and tablet appls are available for Android, iPad and Windows.  Its web app is based on HTML5 technology.  GeoGebra was created by Markus Hohenwarter and started as part of his master’s thesis at the University of Salzburg, continuing at Florida Atlantic University, Florida State University, and then at the University of Linz with the help of open-source developers and translators all over the world.  Bernard Parisses’ Giac was integrated into GeoGebra’s CAS view in 2013.  Both commercial and not-for-profit entities work together to expand the software and cloud services for users.   </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>GeoGebra desktop application are available for Windows, Mac OS and Linux and tablet appls are available for Android, iPad and Windows.  Its web app is based on HTML5 technology.  GeoGebra was created by Markus Hohenwarter and started as part of his master’s thesis at the University of Salzburg, continuing at Florida Atlantic University, Florida State University, and then at the University of Linz with the help of open-source developers and translators all over the world.  Bernard Parisses’ Giac was integrated into GeoGebra’s CAS view in 2013.  Both commercial and not-for-profit entities work together to expand the software and cloud services for users.   </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
</table>Madhurighttps://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=GeoGebra_5.04&diff=56501&oldid=56054GeoGebra 5.042024-03-04T10:18:33Z<p></p>
<table class='diff diff-contentalign-left'>
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 10:18, 4 March 2024</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>GeoGebra</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>GeoGebra</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">GeoGebra is a free and open source mathematics software.It includes interactive Graphics, Algebra, CAS and Spreadsheet views. GeoGebra is available for Windows, Mac OS and Linux. GeoGebra has tablet apps for Android, iPad and Windows. It is intended for teaching and learning mathematics and science from primary school to university level. GeoGebra facilitates the creation of mathematical constructions and drawings with points, vectors, segments, lines, polygons, etc.It can used to prove geometrical theorems and laws. It is freely available for download at www.geogebra.org. For the creation of this series we are using GeoGebra version 5.0.438.0-d </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>GeoGebra brings together Geometry, Algebra, Calculus, spreadsheets, graphing, statistics and probability applications in a single package.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>GeoGebra brings together Geometry, Algebra, Calculus, spreadsheets, graphing, statistics and probability applications in a single package.</div></td></tr>
</table>Madhurighttps://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=CircuitJS/C3/NOR-Gate/English&diff=56500&oldid=56485CircuitJS/C3/NOR-Gate/English2024-03-04T07:55:03Z<p></p>
<a href="https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=CircuitJS/C3/NOR-Gate/English&diff=56500&oldid=56485">Show changes</a>Madhurighttps://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C2/Network-performance-Analysis/English&diff=56499&oldid=56495Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C2/Network-performance-Analysis/English2024-03-04T07:30:43Z<p></p>
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 07:30, 4 March 2024</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{| border="1"</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{| border="1"</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Highlight '''node0_rec_time'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Highlight '''node0_rec_time'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| '''Node0_rec_time '''is the time at which node 0 receives the echo packet from node 1.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| '''Node0_rec_time ''' is the time at which node 0 receives the echo packet from node 1.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Highlight '''round_trip_time <nowiki>= 0.0</nowiki>'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Highlight '''round_trip_time <nowiki>= 0.0</nowiki>'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| '''round_trip_time '''holds the round-trip packet time.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| '''round_trip_time ''' holds the round-trip packet time.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>That is, the time taken to go from node 0 to node 1 and return.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>That is, the time taken to go from node 0 to node 1 and return.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Highlight '''total_delay = 0.0'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Highlight '''total_delay = 0.0'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| '''total_delay '''holds the sum of all delays.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| '''total_delay ''' holds the sum of all delays.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Highlight '''prop_delay = 6560.0'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Highlight '''prop_delay = 6560.0'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| '''prop_delay '''is the propagation delay of the channel.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| '''prop_delay ''' is the propagation delay of the channel.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It is set by us.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It is set by us.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 329:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 326:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Type ./'''ns3 run scratch/network_performance.cc'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Type ./'''ns3 run scratch/network_performance.cc'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Run the command '''dot forward slash<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''' '''</del>ns3 run space scratch forward slash network underscore performance dot cc'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Run the command '''dot forward slash ns3 run space scratch forward slash network <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</ins>underscore performance dot cc'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''network underscore performance '''is the name of the source file.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''network underscore performance '''is the name of the source file.  </div></td></tr>
</table>Madhurighttps://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Health-and-Nutrition/C2/Importance-of-Folate/Kannada&diff=56498&oldid=55227Health-and-Nutrition/C2/Importance-of-Folate/Kannada2024-03-04T03:23:01Z<p></p>
<table class='diff diff-contentalign-left'>
<col class='diff-marker' />
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<col class='diff-marker' />
<col class='diff-content' />
<tr style='vertical-align: top;'>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 03:23, 4 March 2024</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 365:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 365:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| 09:27</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| 09:27</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| ಟೆಂಡರ್ ಫೀಲ್ಡ್ ಬೀನ್ಸ್, ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್ ಬೀನ್ಸ್ ಮತ್ತು ಬೀಟ್ರೂಟ್ ಇವು "ಫೋಲೇಟ್" ನಲ್ಲಿ ಸಮೃದ್ಧವಾಗಿರುವ ಇತರ ತರಕಾರಿಗಳು. |-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| ಟೆಂಡರ್ ಫೀಲ್ಡ್ ಬೀನ್ಸ್, ಫ್ರೆಂಚ್ ಬೀನ್ಸ್ ಮತ್ತು ಬೀಟ್ರೂಟ್ ಇವು "ಫೋಲೇಟ್" ನಲ್ಲಿ ಸಮೃದ್ಧವಾಗಿರುವ ಇತರ ತರಕಾರಿಗಳು.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| 09:35</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| 09:35</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| ಹೂಕೋಸು, ಬೆಂಡೆ ಕಾಯಿ ಮತ್ತು ನುಗ್ಗೆ ಕಾಯಿಗಳು ಸಹ ಮಧ್ಯಮ ಪ್ರಮಾಣದಲ್ಲಿ ಫೋಲೇಟ್ ಅನ್ನು ಹೊಂದಿರುತ್ತವೆ.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| ಹೂಕೋಸು, ಬೆಂಡೆ ಕಾಯಿ ಮತ್ತು ನುಗ್ಗೆ ಕಾಯಿಗಳು ಸಹ ಮಧ್ಯಮ ಪ್ರಮಾಣದಲ್ಲಿ ಫೋಲೇಟ್ ಅನ್ನು ಹೊಂದಿರುತ್ತವೆ.</div></td></tr>
</table>Misbahhttps://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C2/CSMA-based-network-with-bus-topology/English&diff=56497&oldid=56494Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C2/CSMA-based-network-with-bus-topology/English2024-03-01T10:21:57Z<p></p>
<table class='diff diff-contentalign-left'>
<col class='diff-marker' />
<col class='diff-content' />
<col class='diff-marker' />
<col class='diff-content' />
<tr style='vertical-align: top;'>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 10:21, 1 March 2024</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 52:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 52:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Open '''csma_performance.cc''' source file</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Open '''csma_performance.cc''' source file</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| I have created the source file '''csma_performance.cc'''<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. </del>for this program.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| I have created the source file '''csma_performance.cc''' for this program.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The source code contains the required functions to implement a '''CSMA''' based''' bus topology'''.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The source code contains the required functions to implement a '''CSMA''' based''' bus topology'''.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 64:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 64:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Highlight '''double trans_time_1'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Highlight '''double trans_time_1'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| This represents the transmission time '''at the client'''.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| This represents the transmission time ''' at the client'''.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Highlight '''double rec_time_1'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Highlight '''double rec_time_1'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 112:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 112:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Highlight '''csma.SetChannelAttribute'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Highlight '''csma.SetChannelAttribute'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Using the '''setChannelAttribute '''method,let us set the attributes for the CSMA network.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Using the '''setChannelAttribute '''method, let us set the attributes for the CSMA network.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* '''Data rate''' 100 Mbps.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* '''Data rate''' 100 Mbps.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* Channel '''delay''' 6560 nanoseconds or 0.00656 milliseconds.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* Channel '''delay''' 6560 nanoseconds or 0.00656 milliseconds.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 118:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 118:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Highlight '''stack.Install(csmaNodes)'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Highlight '''stack.Install(csmaNodes)'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| This command installs an internet stack on the nodes of the '''CSMA '''bus network.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| This command installs an internet stack on the nodes of the '''CSMA ''' bus network.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Highlight '''address.SetBase '''and '''address.Assign(csmaDevices)'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Highlight '''address.SetBase '''and '''address.Assign(csmaDevices)'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| The highlighted command assigns''' IP addresses''' to the nodes of the network.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| The highlighted command assigns''' IP addresses''' to the nodes of the network.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Now we set the '''base address'''  10.1.1.0 for the '''bus network<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. </del>'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Now we set the '''base address'''  10.1.1.0 for the '''bus network '''<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Highlight '''UdpEchoServerHelper echoServerA(9);'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Highlight '''UdpEchoServerHelper echoServerA(9);'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 197:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 197:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Type ./'''ns3 run scratch/csma_performance.cc'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Type ./'''ns3 run scratch/csma_performance.cc'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Now, run the command <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">./</del>'''ns3 run scratch/csma_performance.cc '''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Now, run the command '''<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">./</ins>ns3 run scratch/csma_performance.cc '''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''csma_performance.cc '''is the name of the source file.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''csma_performance.cc '''is the name of the source file.  </div></td></tr>
</table>Madhurighttps://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C2/Connecting-multiple-networks-with-routers/English&diff=56496&oldid=0Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C2/Connecting-multiple-networks-with-routers/English2024-02-28T12:32:26Z<p>Created page with " {| border="1" |- || '''Visual Cue''' || '''Narration''' |- || '''Slide:1''' <div style="color:#000000;">'''Welcome'''</div> || <span style="color:#000000;">Welcome to the..."</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div><br />
<br />
<br />
{| border="1"<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Visual Cue'''<br />
|| '''Narration'''<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Slide:1'''<br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">'''Welcome'''</div><br />
|| <span style="color:#000000;">Welcome to the spoken tutorial on </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''connecting multiple networks with </span>router'''.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show s<span style="color:#000000;">lide:</span><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">'''Learning Outcomes'''</div><br />
|| In this tutorial, we will learn to<br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Create a '''star''' topology with 4 nodes</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Create a '''CSMA''' bus topology with 4 nodes</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Configure client and server applications on the nodes</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Connect two networks </div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Route packets from one network to the other</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Visualize the network using '''NetAnim'''</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show slide:<br />
<br />
'''System Requirements'''<br />
|| To record this tutorial, I am using:<br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">'''Ubuntu Linux 22.04 OS'''</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">'''ns-3.38'''</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">'''NetAnim '''visualizer tool</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show slide: <br />
<br />
'''Prerequisite'''<br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">[https://www.spoken-tutorial.org/ https://www.spoken-tutorial.org]</div><br />
|| To follow this tutorial:<br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">You must have basic knowledge of using Linux terminal</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">You must know how to create a '''point-to-point''' and '''CSMA''' network in '''ns-3'''</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">For pre-requisite Linux and '''ns-3 '''tutorials, please visit this website</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show slide:<br />
<br />
'''Code files'''<br />
|| <br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">The files used in this tutorial are provided in the '''Code files''' link.</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Please download and extract the files.</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Make a copy and then use them while practicing.</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show diagram: Network topology with a '''star '''and a '''CSMA '''network<br />
|| For this tutorial, we would be creating the following topology:<br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">A '''star''' network topology with 4 nodes and network address 10.1.1.0</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">A '''CSMA''' '''bus''' network topology with 4 nodes and 10.2.0.0 address</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">A '''point-to-point''' network between the two networks, with address 10.3.0.0</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Open the file '''router.cc '''in the text editor.<br />
|| I have already created the source file '''router.cc''' for this program.<br />
<br />
Now we will go through the source code in the text editor.<br />
<br />
It contains the required functions to implement routing.<br />
<br />
The source code creates a star, and a CSMA network.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| H<span style="color:#000000;">ighlight </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''uint32_t nCsma = 3'''</span><br />
|| First, w<span style="color:#000000;">e set the number of nodes in the </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''CSMA'''</span><span style="color:#000000;"> network to 3.</span><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| H<span style="color:#000000;">ighlight </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''uint32_t nSpokes = 4'''</span><br />
|| Then we set <span style="color:#000000;">the number of nodes in the </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''star'''</span><span style="color:#000000;"> network to 4.</span><br />
<br />
These variables can be named as per your program.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute("DataRate", StringValue("5Mbps"));'''<br />
<br />
|| We will set the following parameters for the star network.<br />
<br />
The '''data rate '''for the point-to-point connections is set to 5 mbps.<br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute("Delay", StringValue("2ms"));'''<br />
<br />
'''uint16_t port = 50000;'''<br />
|| The channel '''delay''' is set to 2 milliseconds.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''uint16_t port = 50000;'''<br />
<br />
|| The hub’s '''port''' is set to 50000.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| H<span style="color:#000000;">ighlight </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''PointToPointStarHelper star(nSpokes, pointToPoint)'''</span><br />
|| <span style="color:#000000;">Then we create a </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''PointToPointStarHelper'''</span><span style="color:#000000;"> object to create a star network.</span><br />
<br />
The '''PointToPointStarHelper '''class is a helper class for initializing star networks.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''star.InstallStack'''<br />
|| The '''InstallStack '''method installs an internet stack on the nodes.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''star.AssignIpv4Addresses'''<br />
|| The '''AssignIpv4Addresses '''method assigns IP addresses to the nodes.<br />
<br />
Here <span style="color:#000000;">we assign IP address 10.1.1.0 to the </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''star'''</span><span style="color:#000000;"> network.</span><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''packetSinkHelper.Install'''<br />
|| '''PacketSinkHelper '''class is used to install a packet sink on the hub.<br />
<br />
A '''packet sink '''enables the hub to receive packets from other nodes.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''hubApp.Start '''and '''hubApp.Stop'''<br />
|| Here we s<span style="color:#000000;">et the start and stop times for the hub.</span><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''NodeContainer p2pNodes'''<br />
|| <span style="color:#000000;">Then we create a node container for the </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''point-to-point'''</span><span style="color:#000000;"> </span>network.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''p2pNodes.Add(star.GetSpokeNode(3))'''<br />
|| Add the 4<sup>th</sup> node with index 3 to the node container.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''p2pNodes.Create(1)'''<br />
|| Create one node using the '''Create '''method.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''NodeContainer csmaNodes'''<br />
|| <span style="color:#000000;">Similarly create a node container for the </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''CSMA'''</span><span style="color:#000000;"> network.</span><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''csmaNodes.Add(p2pNodes.Get(1))'''<br />
|| Add the previously created node in the '''point-to-point''' network to the container.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''csmaNodes.Create(nCsma)'''<br />
|| Then create additional nodes using the '''Create '''method.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''pointToPoint.Install(p2pNodes)'''<br />
|| <span style="color:#000000;">Next, install net devices on the </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''point-to-point'''</span><span style="color:#000000;"> network nodes.</span><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''csma.SetChannelAttribute'''<br />
|| Set the '''DataRate '''and '''Delay '''attributes for the channel.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''csma.Install(csmaNodes)'''<br />
|| <span style="color:#000000;">Similarly install net devices on the </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''CSMA'''</span><span style="color:#000000;"> network nodes.</span><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''stack.Install(csmaNodes)'''<br />
|| <span style="color:#000000;">Then </span>install an internet<span style="color:#000000;"> stack on the </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''CSMA'''</span><span style="color:#000000;"> network nodes.</span><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''address.Assign(p2pDevices)'''<br />
|| <span style="color:#000000;">Now we assign the address 10.3.0.0 to the </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''Point-to-Point'''</span><span style="color:#000000;"> network. </span><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''address.Assign(csmaDevices)'''<br />
|| And assign the address 10.2.0.0 to the '''CSMA''' network.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''echoServer.Install(csmaNodes.Get(2))'''<br />
|| <span style="color:#000000;">Next we install an echo server application on the third node of the </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''CSMA'''</span><span style="color:#000000;"> network</span>.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Only narration<br />
|| By zero indexing, its index is 2.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''serverApps.Start(Seconds(1.0))'''<br />
|| Now s<span style="color:#000000;">et the start of the server application to 1 second</span>. <br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''serverApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0))'''<br />
|| Next, set the stop time to 10 seconds after the start of the simulation.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''echoClient(csmaInterfaces.GetAddress(2), 9);'''<br />
|| <span style="color:#000000;">Similarly, </span>we <span style="color:#000000;">install an echo client application.</span><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Only narration<br />
|| The target server is node 3 of the '''CSMA''' network. <br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Only narration<br />
|| The port is set to 9.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight '''echoClient.Install(star.GetSpokeNode(1))'''<br />
|| Then we <span style="color:#000000;">Install the client application on node 2 of the </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''star'''</span><span style="color:#000000;"> network.</span><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight <span style="color:#000000;">'''PopulateRoutingTables()'''</span><br />
|| The '''PopulateRoutingTables '''method of the '''Ipv4GlobalRoutingHelper '''class enables routing. <br />
<br />
It builds a routing database and initializes the routing tables.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| H<span style="color:#000000;">ighlight </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''BoundingBox'''</span><br />
|| The '''BoundingBox''' method sets the positions for the nodes of the star network.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| H<span style="color:#000000;">ighlight </span>'''AnimationInterface anim ("router.xml")'''<br />
|| Next we specify the name for the '''XML''' output file.<br />
<br />
Here the name of the file is '''router.xml.'''<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight the lines:<br />
<br />
anim.SetConstantPosition(p2pNodes.Get(1),400,200);<br />
<br />
anim.SetConstantPosition(csmaNodes.Get(1),600,150);<br />
<br />
anim.SetConstantPosition(csmaNodes.Get(2),700,150);<br />
<br />
anim.SetConstantPosition(csmaNodes.Get(3),700,150);<br />
<br />
|| Then we set the position of the nodes using the '''SetConstantPosition '''method.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Highlight <span style="color:#000000;">'''Simulator::Run()'''</span><br />
|| <span style="color:#000000;">The </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''Run'''</span><span style="color:#000000;"> function is used to run the simulation.</span><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| H<span style="color:#000000;">ighlight </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''Simulator::Destroy()'''</span><br />
|| The '''Destroy<span style="color:#000000;"> '''</span><span style="color:#000000;">function ends the simulation.</span><br />
<br />
Now close the text editor.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| <br />
<br />
Press Ctrl,Alt and T keys<br />
<br />
Type '''cd ns-allinone-3.38/ns-3.38 '''to navigate to the ns3 installation directory<br />
<br />
Type '''mv ~/Downloads/router.cc scratch/router.cc '''to move the source file to '''scratch '''directory.<br />
<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Now we will observe the simulation.</div><br />
<br />
Open the terminal by pressing Ctrl,Alt and T keys simultaneously.<br />
<br />
Using the '''cd '''command, navigate to the installation directory of '''ns-3'''.<br />
<br />
Go to the '''ns-3.38''' directory.<br />
<br />
Move your source file to the '''scratch '''directory.<br />
<br />
The '''ns3 '''batch file is configured to run files from the '''scratch '''directory.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| <span style="color:#000000;">Type ./</span><span style="color:#000000;">'''ns3 run scratch/router.cc'''</span><br />
|| R<span style="color:#000000;">un the command </span>'''dot forward slash <span style="color:#000000;">ns3 run scratch</span> forward slash <span style="color:#000000;">router'''</span>.<br />
<br />
'''router dot cc''' is the name of the source file. <br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Keep the terminal open and show the output of the command <br />
|| <span style="color:#000000;">After compilation, we get the details of each packet transfer</span>.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| <span style="color:#000000;">Navigate to </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''netanim-3.10</span>9<span style="color:#000000;"> '''</span><span style="color:#000000;">directory under </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''ns-allinone-3.38'''</span><br />
<br />
|| <span style="color:#000000;">Now, to visualize the network, we will use </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''NetAnim'''</span><span style="color:#000000;">.</span><br />
<br />
Navigate to the '''netanim-3.109 '''directory under '''ns-allinone-3.38'''<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| <span style="color:#000000;">Type ./</span><span style="color:#000000;">'''NetAnim'''</span><br />
|| <span style="color:#000000;">Now type </span>'''dot slash <span style="color:#000000;">NetAnim. '''</span><br />
<br />
<span style="color:#000000;">The </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''NetAnim'''</span><span style="color:#000000;"> window </span>will <span style="color:#000000;">open.</span><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| <span style="color:#000000;">Click </span>on the Open<span style="color:#000000;">''' XML trace file '''</span><span style="color:#000000;">icon </span>on the top<span style="color:#000000;"> left corner of the window.</span><br />
|| <span style="color:#000000;">Click </span>on the Open<span style="color:#000000;">''' XML trace file '''</span><span style="color:#000000;">icon </span>on the top<span style="color:#000000;"> left corner of the window.</span><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| <span style="color:#000000;">In the file picker, navigate to the </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''ns-allinone-3.38/ns-3.38 '''</span><span style="color:#000000;">directory and select the </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''router.xml '''</span><span style="color:#000000;">file.</span><br />
|| <span style="color:#000000;">In the file picker, navigate to the </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''ns-allinone-3.38/ns-3.38 '''</span><span style="color:#000000;">directory</span>.<br />
<br />
Select the '''router dot xml '''file.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| <span style="color:#000000;">On the toolbar, click on the </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''Node Size '''</span><span style="color:#000000;">drop down button, and select size 10.</span><br />
|| <span style="color:#000000;">On the toolbar, click on the </span><span style="color:#000000;">'''Node Size '''</span><span style="color:#000000;">drop down button</span>.<br />
<br />
Select size 10.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | On the toolbar, click on the play button<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">On the toolbar, click on the play animation button to view the simulation.</div><br />
<br />
We see here that the circles represent the nodes. <br />
<br />
The lines represent the connection between the nodes.<br />
<br />
We see that the hub is connected to all the nodes of the star network. <br />
<br />
The directed lines show the packet transfers between the networks.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show slide:<span style="color:#000000;"> </span><br />
<br />
'''S<span style="color:#000000;">ummary'''</span><br />
|| This brings us to the end of the tutorial. Let us summarize.<br />
<br />
In this tutorial, we have learnt to<br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Create a '''star''' topology with 4 nodes</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Create a '''CSMA''' bus topology with 4 nodes</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Configure client and server applications on the nodes</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Connect two networks </div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Route packets from one network to the other</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Visualize the network using '''NetAnim'''</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show s<span style="color:#000000;">lide: </span><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">'''Assignment'''</div><br />
|| As an assignment, please do the following:* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Write an '''ns-3 '''program with two '''CSMA '''networks</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Both networks should have 4 nodes</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Assign '''IP address '''10.1.0.0 to first network</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Assign '''IP address '''10.2.0.0 to second network</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Route packets from node 2 of the first network to node 3 of the second network</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show slide:<br />
<br />
Assignment - Observation<br />
|| In the terminal, you will get this output.<br />
<br />
Observe the transfer of packets between the networks.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show slide:<br />
<br />
Assignment - Observation<br />
|| In the window, you can observe two CSMA networks.<br />
<br />
On playing the animation, the arrows will show the direction of packet transfer.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show slide: <br />
<br />
'''About the Spoken Tutorial Project'''<br />
|| <span style="background-color:#ffffff;">The video at the following link summarizes the </span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">'''Spoken Tutorial project'''</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">.</span><br />
<br />
Please download and watch it.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show Slide:<br />
<br />
<span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#252525;">'''Spoken Tutorial Workshops'''</span> <br />
|| <span style="background-color:#ffffff;">The </span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;">'''Spoken Tutorial Project'''</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;"> team conducts workshops and gives certificates.</span><br />
<br />
For more details, please write to us.<br />
|- style="border:0.75pt solid #808080;padding:0.176cm;"<br />
|| <div style="color:#252525;">Show Slide:</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#252525;">'''Answers for THIS Spoken Tutorial'''</div><br />
| style="color:#252525;" | Please post your timed queries in this forum.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| <div style="color:#252525;">Show Slide:</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#252525;">'''FOSSEE Forum'''</div><br />
<br />
|| <span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#252525;">For any general or technical questions on </span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#252525;">'''ns-3'''</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#252525;">, visit the</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#252525;">''' FOSSEE forum'''</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#252525;"> and post your question.</span><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show slide<br />
<br />
'''Acknowledgement'''<br />
|| <span style="color:#252525;">'''Spoken Tutorial'''</span><span style="color:#252525;"> Project was established by the </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''Ministry of Education, Government of India'''</span><span style="color:#252525;">.</span><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#252525;"></div><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show slide<br />
<br />
'''Acknowledgement'''<br />
|| <span style="color:#252525;">We thank </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''Dr.Moyukh Laha'''</span><span style="color:#252525;"> from </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''IIT Kharagpur'''</span><span style="color:#252525;"> for his domain support.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="color:#252525;">We would also like to thank </span><span style="color:#252525;">'''Dr. R. Radha, Dr. X. Anita, and Dr. T. Subbulakshmi '''</span><span style="color:#252525;">from</span><span style="color:#252525;">''' VIT, Chennai '''</span><span style="color:#252525;">for their </span><span style="color:#252525;">support</span><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| Show slide:<br />
<br />
'''Thank You'''<br />
|| <span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#252525;">This is </span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#252525;">'''Josiga, '''</span><span style="background-color:#ffffff;color:#252525;">a FOSSEE summer fellow 2023, IIT Bombay signing off.</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="color:#252525;">Thanks for joining.</div><br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Nirmala Venkathttps://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C2/Network-performance-Analysis/English&diff=56495&oldid=56476Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C2/Network-performance-Analysis/English2024-02-28T12:18:01Z<p></p>
<table class='diff diff-contentalign-left'>
<col class='diff-marker' />
<col class='diff-content' />
<col class='diff-marker' />
<col class='diff-content' />
<tr style='vertical-align: top;'>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 12:18, 28 February 2024</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 180:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 180:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The propagation delay value is in nanoseconds, hence we divide it by 1000000.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The propagation delay value is in nanoseconds, hence we divide it by 1000000.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>This converts it <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">into </del>milliseconds.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>This converts it <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">to </ins>milliseconds.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Highlight '''pkt_cnt++'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Highlight '''pkt_cnt++'''</div></td></tr>
</table>Madhurighttps://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C2/CSMA-based-network-with-bus-topology/English&diff=56494&oldid=56493Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C2/CSMA-based-network-with-bus-topology/English2024-02-28T12:07:25Z<p></p>
<table class='diff diff-contentalign-left'>
<col class='diff-marker' />
<col class='diff-content' />
<col class='diff-marker' />
<col class='diff-content' />
<tr style='vertical-align: top;'>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 12:07, 28 February 2024</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 299:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 299:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Show Slide: '''Acknowledgement'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| Show Slide: '''Acknowledgement'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| '''Spoken Tutorial''' Project <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">is funded </del>by the '''Ministry of Education, Government of India'''.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|| '''Spoken Tutorial''' Project <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">was established </ins>by the '''Ministry of Education, Government of India'''.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|-  </div></td></tr>
</table>Nirmala Venkathttps://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C2/CSMA-based-network-with-bus-topology/English&diff=56493&oldid=56491Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C2/CSMA-based-network-with-bus-topology/English2024-02-28T11:31:02Z<p></p>
<a href="https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C2/CSMA-based-network-with-bus-topology/English&diff=56493&oldid=56491">Show changes</a>Madhurighttps://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php?title=Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C2/CSMA-based-network-with-bus-topology/English&diff=56491&oldid=0Ns-3-Network-Simulator/C2/CSMA-based-network-with-bus-topology/English2024-02-27T12:14:00Z<p>Created page with " {| border="1" |- || '''Visual Cue''' || '''Narration''' |- || '''Slide:1''' | style="color:#000000;" | Welcome to Spoken tutorial on '''CSMA based network with bus topology''..."</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div><br />
{| border="1"<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Visual Cue'''<br />
|| '''Narration'''<br />
|-<br />
|| '''Slide:1'''<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Welcome to Spoken tutorial on '''CSMA based network with bus topology'''.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Show Slide:</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">'''Learning Objectives'''</div><br />
|| In this tutorial, we will learn to<br />
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Create a '''CSMA''' based '''bus topology''' with '''10 nodes'''</div><br />
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Configure client and server applications on the nodes</div><br />
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Connect the two nodes and routing packets from one node to the other</div><br />
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Visualize the network using '''NetAnim'''</div><br />
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|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Show Slide: </div><br />
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<div style="color:#000000;">'''System Requirements'''</div><br />
|| To record this tutorial, I am using<br />
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">'''Ubuntu Linux OS''' version '''22.04'''</div><br />
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">'''ns-3 '''version 3.38.</div><br />
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">'''NetAnim''' visualizer tool.</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Show slide:</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">'''Pre-requisites'''</div><br />
|| To follow this tutorial:<br />
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">The learner must have basic knowledge of using Linux terminal</div><br />
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">The learner must have understanding of network topologies</div><br />
* <div style="margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;"><span style="color:#000000;">For pre-requisite Linux and ns-3 tutorials, please visit this website </span>[https://spoken-tutorial.org/ https://spoken-tutorial.org]</div><br />
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|- style="border:0.6pt solid #808080;padding:0.176cm;"<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Show Slide:</div><br />
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<div style="color:#000000;">'''Code Files'''</div><br />
|| <br />
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:1.87cm;margin-right:0cm;">The files used in this tutorial are provided in the '''Code files''' link.</div><br />
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:1.87cm;margin-right:0cm;">Please download and extract the files.</div><br />
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:1.87cm;margin-right:0cm;">Make a copy and then use them while practicing.</div><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Show Slide: </div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">'''Bus topology'''</div><br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">For this tutorial, we would be creating the following topology.</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">A bus network topology with '''10 nodes''' and network address '''10.1.1.0.'''</div><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Open '''csma_performance.cc''' source file<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">I have created the source file '''csma_performance.cc'''. for this program.</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">The source code contains the required functions to implement a '''CSMA''' based''' bus topology'''.</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">Here, I have routed the packets from the '''first node''' to the '''tenth node'''.</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">Now we will go through the source code for the program. </div><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Highlight '''uint32_t nCsma = 10'''<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | We set the number of nodes in the '''CSMA '''network to 10.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Highlight '''double trans_time_1'''<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | This represents the transmission time '''at the client'''.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Highlight '''double rec_time_1'''<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | This defines the receiving time at the server<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Highlight the line '''static void'''</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">'''TxTraceClient'''</div><br />
<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | This is the function created to '''trace''' the '''client application'''.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Highlight '''if (context[10] == '0')'''<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | We use '''context '''to find which node has transmitted the packet.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Highlight '''trans_time_1 = Simulator::Now().GetSeconds();'''<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | We shall define the '''transmission time''' by getting the current time in seconds from the simulator<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Highlight '''static void'''</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">'''RxTraceServer'''</div><br />
| style="color:#000000;" | This is the function created to '''trace''' the '''server application.'''<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Highlight '''if (context[10] == '9')'''<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Here, '''context''' is used to get the''' node ID '''whenever the server gets the packets.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Highlight '''rec_time_1'''<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | We then define the receiving time by getting the current time in seconds from the simulator<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Highlight '''delay_1 '''and '''(rec_time_1 - trans_time_1)*1000'''.<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Next, we use '''delay_1 '''to find the '''delay''' using this formula. <br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Highlight '''if (pkt_cnt_1 == pkts)'''<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | If we have reached the last packet, we have to print the '''parameters'''.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Highlight '''NodeContainer csmaNodes'''<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Then, we create a '''node container''' for the CSMA network.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Highlight '''csmaNodes.Create(ncsma)'''<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Let us create a number of '''CSMA''' nodes assigned earlier using the '''Create() '''method.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Highlight </div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">'''CsmaHelper csma'''</div><br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">The '''CsmaHelper''' is a helper class for initializing the '''CSMA''' network.</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">This is the helper class to access the '''CSMA channe'''l created.</div><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Highlight '''csma.SetChannelAttribute'''<br />
|| Using the '''setChannelAttribute '''method,let us set the attributes for the CSMA network.<br />
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">'''Data rate''' 100 Mbps.</div><br />
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Channel '''delay''' 6560 nanoseconds or 0.00656 milliseconds.</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Highlight '''stack.Install(csmaNodes)'''<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | This command installs an internet stack on the nodes of the '''CSMA '''bus network.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Highlight '''address.SetBase '''and '''address.Assign(csmaDevices)'''<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">The highlighted command assigns''' IP addresses''' to the nodes of the network. </div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">Now we set the '''base address'''<span style="background-color:transparent;"> </span><span style="background-color:transparent;">'''10.1.1.0'''</span><span style="background-color:transparent;"> f</span>or the '''bus network. '''</div><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Highlight <span style="background-color:#ffffff;">'''UdpEchoServerHelper echoServerA(9);'''</span></div><br />
<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">The '''UdpEchoServerHelper''' class is used to install server applications on a node of the network. </div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">An''' echo server '''receives a packet from the client.</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">The received packet is echoed back.</div><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Highlight '''echoServer.Install(csmaNodes.Get(9))'''<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">The tenth node of the''' CSMA network''' has '''index 9'''.</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">Let us '''install''' an '''echo server application '''on the tenth node.</div><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Highlight '''serverApps.Start(Seconds(1.0))'''<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Set the '''start''' of the server application to '''1 second'''. <br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Highlight '''serverApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0))'''<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | The '''stop time''' is '''10 seconds''' after the start of the '''simulation'''.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Highlight <span style="background-color:#ffffff;">'''UdpEchoClientHelper echoClientA(csmaInterfaces.GetAddress(9), 9);'''</span></div><br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">The '''UdpEchoClientHelper''' class is used to install client applications on a node of the network. </div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">An '''Echo client '''enables the node to send and receive echo packets from the server.</div><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Highlight '''echoClient(csmaInterfaces.GetAddress(9), 9);'''<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Let us '''install''' an '''echo client application'''.</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">The target server is''' node 10''' of the CSMA network.</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">The '''port '''is set to''' 9'''. </div><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Highlight '''echoClientA.SetAttribute'''<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | This command is used to set the attributes of the client.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Highlight '''PopulateRoutingTables()'''<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Now, for the packets to be routed across the bus network, routing must be enabled.</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">To enable '''routing''' across the bus network, we use this method.</div><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Highlight '''AnimationInterface anim ("csma-performance-analysis.xml")'''<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Let us specify the name for the '''XML output file'''.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Highlight the lines:</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">'''anim.SetConstantPosition() '''</div><br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Set the position of the nodes using the '''SetConstantPosition() '''method.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Highlight '''Simulator::Run()'''<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | The '''Run()''' function is used to run the simulation.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Highlight '''Simulator::Destroy()'''<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">'''Destroy() '''function ends the simulation.</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">Now close the text editor.</div><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;"></div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;"></div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">Press '''Ctrl, Alt '''and '''T keys''' simultaneously</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">Navigate to the '''ns-allinone-3.38/ns3.38 '''directory</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;"></div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">Type '''mv ~/Downloads/csma_performance.cc scratch/csma_performance.cc '''to move the source file to '''scratch '''directory.</div><br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Now we will observe the simulation.</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">Open the terminal by pressing '''Ctrl, Alt''' and '''T keys''' simultaneously.</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">Using the '''cd '''command, navigate to the installation directory of '''ns-3'''.</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">Go to the '''ns-3.38''' directory.</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">Move your '''source file''' to the '''scratch '''directory within the '''ns-3.38''' '''directory'''.</div><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Type ./'''ns3 run scratch/csma_performance.cc'''<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Now, run the command ./'''ns3 run scratch/csma_performance.cc '''</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">'''csma_performance.cc '''is the name of the source file. </div><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Keep the terminal open and show the output of the command <br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">After compilation, we get the details of each '''packet transfer'''.</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">We see the '''average end to end delay and throughput '''of the '''CSMA''' network.</div><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;"></div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;"></div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">Navigate to '''netanim '''directory under '''ns-allinone-3.38'''</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">Type '''cd ..'''</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">Type '''cd netanim'''</div><br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Now, to visualize the network, we will use '''NetAnim'''. </div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">Navigate to the '''netanim '''directory under '''ns-allinone-3.38.'''</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">For that, type '''cd .. '''in the terminal window.</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">Then type '''cd netanim'''</div><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Type ./'''NetAnim'''<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Now type '''./NetAnim. '''</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">The '''NetAnim''' window should open.</div><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Click on the Open''' XML trace file '''icon on the top left corner of the window.<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Click on the''' Open XML trace file '''icon on the top left corner of the window.<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | In the file picker, navigate to the '''ns-allinone-3.38/ns3.38 '''directory and select the '''csma-performance-analysis.xml '''file.<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">In the file picker, navigate to the '''ns-allinone-3.38 '''and then to the '''ns3.38 '''directory.</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">Then select the '''csma-performance-analysis.xml '''file.</div><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">On the toolbar, click on the '''play''' button</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">Close the NetAnim window</div><br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">On the toolbar, click on the''' play button''' to view the simulation.</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">Now we can observe the packet transfer.</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">Now, we can close the''' NetAnim''' window.</div><br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Show Slide: '''Summary'''<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">This brings us to the end of this tutorial.</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">Let us summarize. </div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">In this tutorial, we have </div><br />
<br />
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Created a '''CSMA''' '''bus topology''' with '''10''' nodes</div><br />
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Configured '''client '''and '''server applications '''on the '''nodes'''</div><br />
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Connected the''' two''' nodes and '''routing packets''' from one '''node '''to the other</div><br />
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:1.27cm;margin-right:0cm;">Visualized the network using '''NetAnim'''</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Show Slide :''' Assignment'''<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">As an assignment, please do the following</div><br />
<br />
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:2.54cm;margin-right:0cm;">Create 10 nodes</div><br />
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:2.54cm;margin-right:0cm;">Connect each of them using '''p2p helper''' classes</div><br />
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:2.54cm;margin-right:0cm;">Initialize''' CSMA '''network using '''csmaHelper()''' class</div><br />
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:2.54cm;margin-right:0cm;">Set''' datarate '''and '''delay'''</div><br />
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:2.54cm;margin-right:0cm;">Route the packets from the second node to the eighth node</div><br />
* <div style="color:#000000;margin-left:2.54cm;margin-right:0cm;">Visualize the network using '''NetAnim'''</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Show Slide :''' Assignment - Observation'''<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">In the terminal, you will get the following output.</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:1pt solid #000000;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.206cm;padding-right:0.191cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Show Slide :''' Assignment - Observation '''<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">In the '''NetAnim''' window, you would observe the packet transfer from node-2 to node-8.</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">Observe the packet transfer.</div><br />
|- style="border:0.75pt solid #808080;padding:0.176cm;"<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Show Slide:</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">'''About Spoken Tutorial Project'''</div><br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">The video at the following link summarizes the '''Spoken Tutorial project'''.</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">Please download and watch it.</div><br />
|- style="border:0.75pt solid #808080;padding:0.176cm;"<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Show Slide:</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">'''Spoken Tutorial Workshops'''</div><br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">The '''Spoken Tutorial Project''' team conducts workshops and gives certificates.</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">For more details, please write to us.</div><br />
|- style="border:0.75pt solid #808080;padding:0.176cm;"<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Show Slide:</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">'''Answers for THIS Spoken Tutorial'''</div><br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Please post your timed queries in this forum.<br />
|- style="border:0.75pt solid #808080;padding:0.176cm;"<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Show Slide:</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">'''FOSSEE Forum'''</div><br />
| style="color:#000000;" | For any general or technical questions on '''ns-3''', visit the''' FOSSEE forum''' and post your question.<br />
|- style="border:0.75pt solid #808080;padding:0.176cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Show Slide: '''Acknowledgement'''<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">'''Spoken Tutorial''' Project is funded by the '''Ministry of Education, Government of India'''.</div><br />
<br />
|- style="border:0.75pt solid #808080;padding:0.176cm;"<br />
| style="color:#000000;" | Show Slide: '''Acknowledgement'''<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">We thank '''Dr.Moyukh Laha''' from '''IIT Kharagpur''' for his domain support.</div><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#000000;">We would also like to thank '''Dr. R. Radha, Dr. X. Anita, and Dr. T. Subbulakshmi '''from''' VIT, Chennai '''for their support.</div><br />
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|- style="border:0.75pt solid #808080;padding:0.176cm;"<br />
|| <div style="color:#000000;">Show Slide: '''Thank you'''</div><br />
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|| <div style="color:#000000;">This is '''Arun Santhosh''', a FOSSEE Summer Fellow 2023, IIT Bombay signing off.</div><br />
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<div style="color:#000000;">Thank you for joining.</div><br />
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|}</div>Nirmala Venkat