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		<updated>2026-04-17T13:05:50Z</updated>
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		<id>https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php/Avogadro/C2/Create-Surfaces/English</id>
		<title>Avogadro/C2/Create-Surfaces/English</title>
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				<updated>2016-02-17T07:25:43Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Visjan: Created page with &amp;quot; {| style=&amp;quot;border-spacing:0;&amp;quot; ! &amp;lt;center&amp;gt;Visual Cue&amp;lt;/center&amp;gt; ! &amp;lt;center&amp;gt;Narration&amp;lt;/center&amp;gt;  |- | style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;border-spacing:0;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! &amp;lt;center&amp;gt;Visual Cue&amp;lt;/center&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
! &amp;lt;center&amp;gt;Narration&amp;lt;/center&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 1'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Title Slide'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Warm greetings everyone.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Welcome to this tutorial on '''Create surfaces.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 2'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Learning Objectives'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| In this tutorial, we will learn to:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* View properties of the molecule&lt;br /&gt;
* Label the atoms with '''partial charge'''&lt;br /&gt;
* Create '''Van der waals '''surface&lt;br /&gt;
* Color the surface according to the '''electrostatic potential''' energies.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 3'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''System Requirement'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Here I am using&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Ubuntu Linux '''OS version. 14.04&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Avogadro v'''ersion 1.1.1.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 4'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Pre-requisties'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You should be familiar with:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Avogadro '''interface.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For relevant tutorials, visit our website. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''www.spoken-tutorial.org.'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To follow this tutorial, you should be familiar with:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Avogadro '''interface.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the '''Avogadro''' window.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Here I have opened the '''Avogadro''' window.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the '''Panel'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on '''Build''' menu then click on '''Insert -&amp;gt;fragment'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Insert a molecule of '''butane''' from '''Insert Fragment Library.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on '''Build''' menu then click on &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Insert -&amp;gt;fragment'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Double click on '''alkanes''' folder to open.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Select butane.cml.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Double click on '''alkanes''' folder to open.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Select '''butane.cml.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Insert''' button.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Insert''' button.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Close the dialog box.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Close the dialog box.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to '''n-butane'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| A model of '''n-butane''' is displayed on the panel.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Clear the selection using '''Select none''' option from the '''Select''' menu.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let us display molecular properties of the molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''View''' menu.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Navigate down and click on '''properties.'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''View '''menu, select '''Properties''' option. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| A sub menu appears&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Cursor on the sub menu&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Molecule Properties''' dialog box appears.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| From the sub-menu, click on '''Molecule Properties.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Molecule Properties''' window opens with information such as,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''IUPAC Molecule Name''', '''Molecular weight''', '''Chemical Formula''', '''Dipole moment''' etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''OK''' .&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''OK''' to close the window.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Atom properties''' option from the properties menu.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Similarly to view the '''Atom Properties''':&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on '''Atom properties''' option from the p'''roperties''' menu.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Atom properties''' table appears&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Cursor on the table&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| A table opens with values of properties such as: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Element''', '''Type''', '''Valence''', '''Formal charge''' etc for each atom in the molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on X&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Close the dialog box.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on Panel.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Explore other properties like '''Angle''', '''Torsion''' and '''Conformer''' from the list.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on Panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let us now learn to label the atoms in the molecule with '''partial charge'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Display settings'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Display settings''':&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From the '''Display Types''' list, check the box against '''Label.''' &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on the Spanner symbol on the right side of Label check box.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on the '''Spanner''' symbol on the right side of '''Label''' check box.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Label Settings''' window opens.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Label Settings''' window opens.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Partial charge''' option from '''atom labels''' text drop down.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Cursor on the Panel.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Partial charge''' option from '''atom labels''' text drop down.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Now all the atoms in the molecule are labeled with '''partial charge'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Panel.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| The '''partial charge''' distribution helps to predict the reactivity of the carbon atoms.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Panel.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Inductive effect''' can be explained by labeling the atoms with '''partial charge'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Panel.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Replace a '''hydrogen''' with '''chlorine'''. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Notice the change in the value of '''partial charge''' along the''' carbon''' chain. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Panel.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Because of the '''inductive effect''' '''carbons''' close to '''chlorine''' become more positive.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on '''Label settings''' dialog''' '''box.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on '''bond length'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We have also an option to label the bonds.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on the '''bond labels '''text box.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The drop-down menu has options to label the bonds.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on '''bond length'''. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The '''bond lengths''' for all the bonds are displayed on the panel.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on Color option under '''bond labels''' drop down.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Select the color from the '''Select atoms label color''' window.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on '''OK '''button.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To change the color of the labels, click on the box filled with color.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Select the color from the '''Select atoms label color''' window.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on '''OK '''button.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on the '''increment/decrement buttons''' in the '''label shift''' menu.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Close the dialog box.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We can shift the labels in '''X, Y '''and '''Z''' direction. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on the '''increment or decrement buttons''' in the '''label shift''' menu.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Close the dialog box.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Another very useful feature of '''Avogadro''', is the ability to create surfaces.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The option for creating surfaces is available in the '''extensions''' menu. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''extensions''', click on '''create surfaces'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''A create surface '''dialog box''' '''opens on the screen.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''extensions''' menu, then click on '''create surfaces''' option. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A '''create surface '''dialog box''' '''opens on the screen.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the dialog box.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Surface type drop-down has two options:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Van der waals''' and '''electro-static potential'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the dialog box.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Electrostatic potential surfaces''' are not yet supported in '''Avogadro'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Choose '''Van der waals''' option'''.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the '''Color By''' drop-down choose nothing option.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Choose '''Van der waals '''option.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the '''Color By''' drop down select '''Nothing'''. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Medium''' in resolution drop down&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Set '''Iso value '''0&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on '''Calculate''' button.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Close the dialog box&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Set '''Resolution''' to '''Medium'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Iso value '''to zero.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on '''Calculate''' button.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Close the dialog box.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Panel.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| The '''van der waals''' surface is displayed on the Panel.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Panel.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Van der waals '''surface is a representation of surface through which a molecule interacts with other molecules.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on the spanner symbol corresponding to surfaces in label check box.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To change the surface settings:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on the spanner symbol corresponding to surfaces.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| A surface setting dialog box opens.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Drag the '''slider'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| A surface setting dialog box opens.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Drag the '''slider''' to adjust the '''opacity'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Render '''option&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| In the '''Render '''drop-down there are different display options to choose such as:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Fill''',''' lines''' and '''points'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The default option is '''fill'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on the box filled with color next to positive option.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To change the color of the surface:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on the box filled with color next to p'''ositive''' option.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Select the color from the basic color chart by clicking on the color.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on''' OK''' button.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Choose''' Electrostatic potential '''from the''' Color by '''drop-down.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Next from the '''Create surface''' window:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Choose '''Electrostatic potential''' from the '''Color by''' drop-down.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Set the''' resolution''' to '''medium'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Set the '''Iso value''' to 0.02.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Set the '''resolution''' to '''medium'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Set the '''Iso value''' to 0.02.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Setting low '''Iso value''' gives a finer surface.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Calculate.'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Calculate button.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| On the '''panel '''we see the surface of '''1-chloro butane:'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Colored according to the '''electro-static potential values''' of atoms.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 5'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Electrostatic potential surface.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Electrostatic potential surface''' illustrates '''charge distributions''' of the molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
They are also used in predicting the behavior of molecules&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
By default, areas of high '''electronegativity''' are colored in red and least in blue.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide number 6'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Electrostatic-potential surfaces-images'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Here are a few more examples of molecules with '''electro-static potential surfaces.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on slide number 6.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Point to molecules&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Aniline and cyclohexylamine.''' &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The '''electron density''' on the '''Nitrogen''' of '''cyclohexylamine''' is more localized than it is in '''aniline'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hence '''cyclohexylamine''' is a stronger base.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 7'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Summary&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let's summarize. In this tutorial we have learnt to: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* View properties of the molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
* Label the atoms with '''partial charge'''.&lt;br /&gt;
* Create '''Van der waals '''surface&lt;br /&gt;
* Color the surface according to the '''electrostatic potentia'''l energies.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 8'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Assignment&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| As an assignment&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Compare the reactivity of '''acetaldehyde''' and '''formamide''' using '''electro-static potential surface'''.&lt;br /&gt;
* Label the atoms with '''partial charge'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;|'''Slide Number 9''' &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Electrostatic potential surfaces'''. &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Your completed assignment should look as follows.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Negative charge indicated in red is more localized on the '''oxygen''' atom of '''acetaldehyde'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Negative charge is more delocalized in '''formamide'''. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hence '''Acetaldehyde''' is more reactive than '''Formamide'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 10'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Acknowledgement '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Watch the video available at &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://spoken-tutorial.org &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
/What is a Spoken Tutorial &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It summarises the Spoken Tutorial &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
project. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you do not have good bandwidth, &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
you can download and watch it.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| This video summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project&lt;br /&gt;
* If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 11'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Spoken Tutorial Project Team &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Conducts workshops using spoken &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
tutorials &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Gives certificates to those who pass &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
an online test &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For more details, please write to&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''contact@spoken-tutorial.org''' &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| * We conduct workshops using Spoken Tutorials and give certificates. &lt;br /&gt;
* Please contact us.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide number 12'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Acknowledgement'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
the Talk to a Teacher project &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It is supported by the National &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Mission on Education through ICT, &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
MHRD, Government of India &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
More information on this Mission is available at''' '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''http://spoken-tutorial.org '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''/NMEICT-Intro '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| The Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by '''NMEICT, MHRD''' '''Government of '''India&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| This tutorial is contributed by Viswa Janani Vasudhevan and Snehalatha Kaliappan.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Thank you for joining.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Visjan</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php/Avogadro/C2/Edit-molecules/English</id>
		<title>Avogadro/C2/Edit-molecules/English</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php/Avogadro/C2/Edit-molecules/English"/>
				<updated>2016-01-20T07:16:21Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Visjan: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;border-spacing:0;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! &amp;lt;center&amp;gt;Visual Cue&amp;lt;/center&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
! &amp;lt;center&amp;gt;Narration&amp;lt;/center&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 1'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Title Slide'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Warm greetings everyone.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Welcome to this tutorial on '''Edit molecules.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 2'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Learning Objectives'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| In this tutorial, we will learn to:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add and delete atoms&lt;br /&gt;
* Add and delete bonds&lt;br /&gt;
* Rotate bonds &lt;br /&gt;
* Change length of the bond&lt;br /&gt;
* Change hydrogen to methyl group&lt;br /&gt;
* Copy, paste and join structures.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 3'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''System Requirement'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Here I am using&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Ubuntu Linux '''OS version. 14.04&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Avogadro''' version 1.1.1.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 4'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Pre-requisties'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You should be familiar with:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Avogadro '''interface.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For relevant tutorials, visit our website. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''www.spoken-tutorial.org.'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To follow this tutorial, you should be familiar with:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Avogadro ''' interface.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Here I will show how to open '''Avogadro '''using the '''Terminal. '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Press CTRL+ALT+T keys simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To open the terminal press '''CTRL, ALT''' and '''T '''keys simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Type '''avogadro''' at the prompt, press enter.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Type '''avogadro '''at the prompt and press enter.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Avogadro''' application window opens.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| For demonstration, I will display a molecule of '''n-butane''' from the '''Fragment''' library.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Build''' menu. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Navigate to '''Insert-&amp;gt;Fragment'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Insert fragment''' dialog box appears. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|  style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Build''' menu. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Navigate to '''Insert-&amp;gt;Fragment'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Insert fragment''' dialog box appears. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to '''Insert Fragment''' dialog box&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| From the list of fragments, double click on '''alkanes''' folder to open.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Select '''butane.cml''' from the drop down that appears.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Close '''Insert Fragment''' dialog box&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on''' Insert''' button.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on X to close '''Insert Fragment''' dialog box.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to Butane molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Butane molecule highlighted in blue color appears on the '''Panel'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To remove the highlighting, Press '''Ctrl, Shift '''and '''A '''keys simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to the navigation tool.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Rotate the structure using '''Navigation '''tool to get proper alignment.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We will now learn how to add atoms to the molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on''' Draw tool''' icon &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Draw tool''' icon on the tool bar.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on end carbon atom, drag on the '''Panel.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Point to molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on end '''Carbon''' atom and drag on the '''Panel.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A carbon atom with required hydrogens get added.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We now have a molecule of '''pentane''' on '''Panel'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Similarly, you can add atoms using '''Draw tool''' to make a series of alkanes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to '''Draw tool.'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Open a new window. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Draw propane using '''Draw tool.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let us delete the end Carbon atom with hydrogens to get a molecule of '''Ethane'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on the Selection tool icon&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To delete atoms, click on the '''Selection tool''' icon on the tool bar.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the end carbon atom&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click and drag over the end Carbon atom to make the selection.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Selected atoms appears blue in color.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Press Backspace to delete.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Point to '''Edit '''menu&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Press '''Backspace''' to delete.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alternatively you can use clear option in '''Edit''' menu.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To redo, press '''Ctrl and Z keys '''simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We will demonstrate on how to add and delete bonds in a molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select the '''Draw tool''' icon&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Draw settings''' appears&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To add bonds select the '''Draw tool''' icon on the tool bar. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Draw Settings''' menu open on the left.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to '''Element '''drop down list.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Point to '''Bond Order '''drop down.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| By default '''Carbon''' is selected in '''Element '''drop down list.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To introduce a double bond select '''Double''' from '''Bond Order '''drop down.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Bond between C-1 and C-2&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on the bond between C-1 and C-2 to convert it to a double bond.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select Triple from bond order.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on the bond.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To convert double bond into a triple bond, select '''Triple''' from '''Bond Order.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on the bond.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Hold the right mouse button and click on the bonds.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Point to the molecules.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To delete bonds, hold the right mouse button and click on the bonds.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This results in two different molecules.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let's rejoin the molecules.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select Carbon from draw tool settings&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on Carbon of one molecule, drag and click on carbon of other molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We can rotate bonds and change bond lengths using '''Bond Centric Manipulation''' tool.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on '''Bond Centric Manipulation tool'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Bond Centric Manipulation tool''' on the tool bar.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Bond Centric Manipulate''' settings appears&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Bond Centric Manipulate '''settings menu opens on the left.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on '''Bond Centric Manipulate''' settings &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| By default, '''Show Angles''' and '''Snap-to Bonds''' are checked.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Snap-to Threshold''' set to '''10&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;0'''&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;(10 degree).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Users can make their own choice of settings as per the requirements.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Bond&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To show angles, click on the bond between two atoms.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We need to fix the plane of rotation of the bonds.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Bond.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Point to the plane.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To fix the plane you want, click on the bond and move upwards or downwards.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The plane between the atoms appears in blue or yellow color.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on atom, move.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To Rotate, click on one of the atoms and move.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Attached bond along with the atoms rotates in the fixed plane.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on atom with right mouse button&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To change length of the bond hold the right mouse button and drag.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Now we will show how to change Hydrogens to methyl groups.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Build menu'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Build '''menu''' and click on '''Change H To Methyl.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| All Hydrogens are now replaced by Methyl groups.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Press''' CTRL '''and''' Z keys '''simultaneously to undo the changes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We can also select a particular hydrogen atom and change it to a methyl group.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on selection tool&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Selection tool '''icon on the tool bar&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on the hydrogen&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on the hydrogen attached to end carbon atom to select.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Go to '''Build''' menu, click on '''Change H to Methyl'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Cursor on molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Go to '''Build''' menu and click on  '''Change H to Methyl.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The selected Hydrogen gets replaced by methyl group.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Press Ctrl+Shift+A.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To deselect, Press '''Ctrl, Shift''' and '''A''' keys simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let us take a look as how to copy, paste and join structures.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''File'''-&amp;gt;New&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''File'''-&amp;gt;'''New''' to open a new window.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We will learn to build a '''Maltose''' molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Maltose''' is made up of two glucose molecules.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Build '''menu&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To insert a glucose molecule, click on '''Build''' menu.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Scroll down and click on &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Insert-&amp;gt;Fragment '''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Scroll down and click on '''Insert-&amp;gt;Fragment '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Insert-&amp;gt;Fragment''' dialog box appears&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Insert-&amp;gt;Fragment''' dialog box appears.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on '''Insert Fragment '''dialog box&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Scroll down the list and click on '''Cyclic sugar''' folders.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| A sub menu appears&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| A sub menu appears.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Navigate down and select beta-d-glucopyranose.cml &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Close the dialog box&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Navigate down and select&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''beta-d-glucopyranose.cml.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on '''Insert''' button.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Close the dialog box.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''beta-D-glucopyranose.cml '''appears on panel highlighted in blue color.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Translate it to the center using hand tool.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on Panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let us copy and paste another glucose molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Edit''' menu&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Edit''' menu on the menu bar.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Scroll down and click on Copy&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| And click on '''Copy'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Again Scroll down the edit menu and then click '''Paste'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Please note during copy, paste operation, window dims for a moment and then recovers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to the new molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| A new molecule gets copied and pasted on the existing molecule on the Panel.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Move with the left mouse button&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| The cursor changes to a hand tool.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Move the copied molecule from the original molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Now we have two separate molecules on the Panel&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Press Ctrl+Shift+A.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To de-select Press '''Ctrl, Shift '''and''' A''' keys simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let us label the molecules.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Labeling helps to identify the positions of all the atoms.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Label''' check box from the''' Display Types''' drop down.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To label, Click on '''Label''' check box from the''' Display Types''' drop down.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To get Maltose we need to remove a water molecule. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Delete atoms.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Delete the OH group on C-1 of first molecule and hydrogen on C-9 of second molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select Carbon in draw tool settings&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select '''Carbon''' in '''Draw tool settings.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select Single as bond order&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select''' Single''' as '''Bond Order'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Uncheck the adjust hydrogens check box&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Uncheck '''Adjust Hydrogens''' check box.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click and drag to join C-1 of first molecule and C-9 of second molecule through oxygen atom.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We need to optimize the geometry.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select auto optimization tool&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select '''Auto Optimization tool.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Auto optimization settings appears&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Auto Optimization settings''' menu appears on the left.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select MMFF94 force field&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select '''MMFF94''' force field and click on '''Start'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| The optimization may take a few seconds to complete.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You may remove the labels now&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We now have an optimized structure of Maltose on Panel.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 5'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Summary&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let's summarize. In this tutorial we have learnt to: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add and delete atoms&lt;br /&gt;
* Add and delete bonds&lt;br /&gt;
* Rotate bonds &lt;br /&gt;
* Change Bond length&lt;br /&gt;
* Change Hydrogen to Methyl group&lt;br /&gt;
* Copy, paste and join structures.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 6'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Assignment&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| As an assignment,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Create a Butane molecule using draw tool&lt;br /&gt;
* Convert it into 2,3 dimethyl Butane&lt;br /&gt;
* Rotate the bonds and change bond lengths.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 7'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Assignment&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| * Create a molecule of cellulose&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; (Hint: D- glucose monomer is available in the Insert fragment library)&lt;br /&gt;
* Optimize the geometry using UFF force field.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 8'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Acknowledgement '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Watch the video available at &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://spoken-tutorial.org &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
/What is a Spoken Tutorial &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It summarises the Spoken Tutorial &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
project. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you do not have good bandwidth, &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
you can download and watch it.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| This video summarises the Spoken Tutorial project&lt;br /&gt;
* If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 9'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Spoken Tutorial Project Team &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Conducts workshops using spoken &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
tutorials &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Gives certificates to those who pass an online test &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For more details, please write to &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''contact@spoken-tutorial.org'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| * We conduct workshops using Spoken Tutorials and give certificates. &lt;br /&gt;
* Please contact us.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide number 10'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Acknowledgement'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
the Talk to a Teacher project &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It is supported by the National &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Mission on Education through ICT, &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
MHRD, Government of India &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
More information on this Mission is available at''' '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''http://spoken-tutorial.org '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''/NMEICT-Intro '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| The Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by '''NMEICT, MHRD''' '''Government of '''India&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| This tutorial is contributed by Viswa Janani Vasudhevan and Madhuri Ganapathi.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Thank you for joining.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Visjan</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php/Avogadro/C2/Edit-molecules/English</id>
		<title>Avogadro/C2/Edit-molecules/English</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php/Avogadro/C2/Edit-molecules/English"/>
				<updated>2016-01-20T06:28:24Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Visjan: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;border-spacing:0;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! &amp;lt;center&amp;gt;Visual Cue&amp;lt;/center&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
! &amp;lt;center&amp;gt;Narration&amp;lt;/center&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 1'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Title Slide'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Warm greetings everyone.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Welcome to this tutorial on '''Edit molecules.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 2'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Learning Objectives'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| In this tutorial, we will learn to:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add and delete atoms&lt;br /&gt;
* Add and delete bonds&lt;br /&gt;
* Rotate bonds &lt;br /&gt;
* Change length of the bond&lt;br /&gt;
* Change hydrogen to methyl group&lt;br /&gt;
* Copy, paste and join structures.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 3'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''System Requirement'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Here I am using&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Ubuntu Linux '''OS version. 14.04&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Avogadro''' version 1.1.1.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 4'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Pre-requisties'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You should be familiar with:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Avogadro '''interface.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For relevant tutorials, visit our website. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''www.spoken-tutorial.org.'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To follow this tutorial, you should be familiar with:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Avogadro ''' interface.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Here I will show how to open '''Avogadro '''using the '''Terminal. '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Press CTRL+ALT+T keys simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To open the terminal press '''CTRL, ALT''' and '''T '''keys simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Type '''avogadro''' at the prompt, press enter.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Type '''avogadro '''at the prompt and press enter.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Avogadro''' application window opens.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| For demonstration, I will display a molecule of '''n-butane''' from the '''Fragment''' library.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the '''Menu bar'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Insert fragment dialog box appears.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Build''' menu. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Navigate to '''Insert-&amp;gt;Fragment'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Insert fragment''' dialog box appears. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|  style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Build''' menu. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Navigate to '''Insert-&amp;gt;Fragment'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Insert fragment''' dialog box appears. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to '''Insert Fragment''' dialog box&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| From the list of fragments, double click on '''alkanes''' folder to open.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Select '''butane.cml''' from the drop down that appears.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Close '''Insert Fragment''' dialog box&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on''' Insert''' button.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on X to close '''Insert Fragment''' dialog box.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to Butane molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Butane molecule highlighted in blue color appears on the '''Panel'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To remove the highlighting, Press '''Ctrl, Shift '''and '''A '''keys simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to the navigation tool.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Rotate the structure using '''Navigation '''tool to get proper alignment.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We will now learn how to add atoms to the molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on''' Draw tool''' icon &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Draw tool''' icon on the tool bar.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on end carbon atom, drag on the '''Panel.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Point to molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on end '''Carbon''' atom and drag on the '''Panel.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A carbon atom with required hydrogens get added.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We now have a molecule of '''pentane''' on '''Panel'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Similarly, you can add atoms using '''Draw tool''' to make a series of alkanes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to '''Draw tool.'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Open a new window. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Draw propane using '''Draw tool.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let us delete the end Carbon atom with hydrogens to get a molecule of '''Ethane'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on the Selection tool icon&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To delete atoms, click on the '''Selection tool''' icon on the tool bar.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the end carbon atom&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click and drag over the end Carbon atom to make the selection.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Selected atoms appears blue in color.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Press Backspace to delete.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Point to '''Edit '''menu&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Press '''Backspace''' to delete.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alternatively you can use clear option in '''Edit''' menu.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To redo, press '''Ctrl and Z keys '''simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We will demonstrate on how to add and delete bonds in a molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select the '''Draw tool''' icon&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Draw settings''' appears&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To add bonds select the '''Draw tool''' icon on the tool bar. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Draw Settings''' menu open on the left.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to '''Element '''drop down list.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Point to '''Bond Order '''drop down.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| By default '''Carbon''' is selected in '''Element '''drop down list.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To introduce a double bond select '''Double''' from '''Bond Order '''drop down.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Bond between C-1 and C-2&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on the bond between C-1 and C-2 to convert it to a double bond.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select Triple from bond order.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on the bond.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To convert double bond into a triple bond, select '''Triple''' from '''Bond Order.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on the bond.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Hold the right mouse button and click on the bonds.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Point to the molecules.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To delete bonds, hold the right mouse button and click on the bonds.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This results in two different molecules.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let's rejoin the molecules.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select Carbon from draw tool settings&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on Carbon of one molecule, drag and click on carbon of other molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We can rotate bonds and change bond lengths using '''Bond Centric Manipulation''' tool.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on '''Bond Centric Manipulation tool'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Bond Centric Manipulation tool''' on the tool bar.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Bond Centric Manipulate''' settings appears&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Bond Centric Manipulation '''settings menu opens on the left.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on '''Bond Centric Manipulation''' settings &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| By default, '''Show Angles''' and '''Snap-to Bonds''' are checked.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Snap-to Threshold''' set to '''10&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;0'''&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;(10 degree).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Users can make their own choice of settings as per the requirements.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Bond&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To show angles, click on the bond between two atoms.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We need to fix the plane of rotation of the bonds.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Bond.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Point to the plane.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To fix the plane you want, click on the bond and move upwards or downwards.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The plane between the atoms appears in blue or yellow color.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on atom, move.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To Rotate, click on one of the atoms and move.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Attached bond along with the atoms rotates in the fixed plane.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on atom with right mouse button&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To change length of the bond hold the right mouse button and drag.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Now we will show how to change Hydrogens to methyl groups.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Build menu'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Build '''menu''' and click on '''Change H To Methyl.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| All Hydrogens are now replaced by Methyl groups.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Press''' CTRL '''and''' Z keys '''simultaneously to undo the changes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We can also select a particular hydrogen atom and change it to a methyl group.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on selection tool&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Selection tool '''icon on the tool bar&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on the hydrogen&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on the hydrogen attached to end carbon atom to select.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Go to '''Build''' menu, click on '''Change H to Methyl'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Cursor on molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Go to '''Build''' menu and click on  '''Change H to Methyl.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The selected Hydrogen gets replaced by methyl group.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Press Ctrl+Shift+A.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To deselect, Press '''Ctrl, Shift''' and '''A''' keys simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let us take a look as how to copy, paste and join structures.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''File'''-&amp;gt;New&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''File'''-&amp;gt;'''New''' to open a new window.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We will learn to build a '''Maltose''' molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Maltose''' is made up of two glucose molecules.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Build '''menu&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To insert a glucose molecule, click on '''Build''' menu.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Scroll down and click on &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Insert-&amp;gt;Fragment '''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Scroll down and click on '''Insert-&amp;gt;Fragment '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Insert-&amp;gt;Fragment''' dialog box appears&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Insert-&amp;gt;Fragment''' dialog box appears.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on '''Insert Fragment '''dialog box&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Scroll down the list and click on '''Cyclic sugar''' folders.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| A sub menu appears&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| A sub menu appears.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Navigate down and select beta-d-glucopyranose.cml &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Close the dialog box&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Navigate down and select&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''beta-d-glucopyranose.cml.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on '''Insert''' button.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Close the dialog box.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''beta-D-glucopyranose.cml '''appears on panel highlighted in blue color.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Translate it to the center using hand tool.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on Panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let us copy and paste another glucose molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Edit''' menu&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Edit''' menu on the menu bar.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Scroll down and click on Copy&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| And click on '''Copy'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Again Scroll down the edit menu and then click '''Paste'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Please note during copy, paste operation, window dims for a moment and then recovers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to the new molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| A new molecule gets copied and pasted on the existing molecule on the Panel.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Move with the left mouse button&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| The cursor changes to a hand tool.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Move the copied molecule from the original molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Now we have two separate molecules on the Panel&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Press Ctrl+Shift+A.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To de-select Press '''Ctrl, Shift '''and''' A''' keys simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let us label the molecules.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Labeling helps to identify the positions of all the atoms.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Label''' check box from the''' Display Types''' drop down.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To label, Click on '''Label''' check box from the''' Display Types''' drop down.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To get Maltose we need to remove a water molecule. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Delete atoms.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Delete the OH group on C-1 of first molecule and hydrogen on C-9 of second molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select Carbon in draw tool settings&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select '''Carbon''' in '''Draw tool settings.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select Single as bond order&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select''' Single''' as '''Bond Order'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Uncheck the adjust hydrogens check box&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Uncheck '''Adjust Hydrogens''' check box.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click and drag to join C-1 of first molecule and C-9 of second molecule through oxygen atom.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We need to optimize the geometry.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select auto optimization tool&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select '''Auto Optimization tool.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Auto optimization settings appears&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Auto Optimization settings''' menu appears on the left.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select MMFF94 force field&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select '''MMFF94''' force field and click on '''Start'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| The optimization may take a few seconds to complete.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You may remove the labels now&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We now have an optimized structure of Maltose on Panel.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 5'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Summary&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let's summarize. In this tutorial we have learnt to: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add and delete atoms&lt;br /&gt;
* Add and delete bonds&lt;br /&gt;
* Rotate bonds &lt;br /&gt;
* Change Bond length&lt;br /&gt;
* Change Hydrogen to Methyl group&lt;br /&gt;
* Copy, paste and join structures.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 6'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Assignment&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| As an assignment,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Create a Butane molecule using draw tool&lt;br /&gt;
* Convert it into 2,3 dimethyl Butane&lt;br /&gt;
* Rotate the bonds and change bond lengths.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 7'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Assignment&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| * Create a molecule of cellulose&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; (Hint: D- glucose monomer is available in the Insert fragment library)&lt;br /&gt;
* Optimize the geometry using UFF force field.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 8'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Acknowledgement '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Watch the video available at &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://spoken-tutorial.org &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
/What is a Spoken Tutorial &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It summarises the Spoken Tutorial &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
project. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you do not have good bandwidth, &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
you can download and watch it.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| This video summarises the Spoken Tutorial project&lt;br /&gt;
* If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 9'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Spoken Tutorial Project Team &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Conducts workshops using spoken &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
tutorials &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Gives certificates to those who pass an online test &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For more details, please write to &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''contact@spoken-tutorial.org'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| * We conduct workshops using Spoken Tutorials and give certificates. &lt;br /&gt;
* Please contact us.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide number 10'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Acknowledgement'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
the Talk to a Teacher project &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It is supported by the National &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Mission on Education through ICT, &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
MHRD, Government of India &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
More information on this Mission is available at''' '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''http://spoken-tutorial.org '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''/NMEICT-Intro '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| The Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by '''NMEICT, MHRD''' '''Government of '''India&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| This tutorial is contributed by Viswa Janani Vasudhevan and Madhuri Ganapathi.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Thank you for joining.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Visjan</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php/Avogadro/C2/Edit-molecules/English</id>
		<title>Avogadro/C2/Edit-molecules/English</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php/Avogadro/C2/Edit-molecules/English"/>
				<updated>2016-01-20T05:26:27Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Visjan: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;border-spacing:0;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! &amp;lt;center&amp;gt;Visual Cue&amp;lt;/center&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
! &amp;lt;center&amp;gt;Narration&amp;lt;/center&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 1'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Title Slide'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Warm greetings everyone.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Welcome to this tutorial on '''Edit molecules.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 2'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Learning Objectives'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| In this tutorial, we will learn to:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add and delete atoms&lt;br /&gt;
* Add and delete bonds&lt;br /&gt;
* Rotate bonds &lt;br /&gt;
* Change length of the bond&lt;br /&gt;
* Change hydrogen to methyl group&lt;br /&gt;
* Copy, paste and join structures.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 3'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''System Requirement'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Here I am using&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Ubuntu Linux '''OS version. 14.04&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Avogadro''' version 1.1.1.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 4'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Pre-requisties'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You should be familiar with:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Avogadro '''interface.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For relevant tutorials, visit our website. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''www.spoken-tutorial.org.'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To follow this tutorial, you should be familiar with:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Avogadro ''' interface.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Here I will show how to open '''Avogadro '''using the '''Terminal. '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Press CTRL+ALT+T keys simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To open the terminal press '''CTRL, ALT''' and '''T '''keys simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Type '''avogadro''' at the prompt, press enter.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Type '''avogadro '''at the prompt and press enter.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Avogadro''' application window opens.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| For demonstration, I will display a molecule of '''n-butane''' from the '''Fragment''' library.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|| Cursor on the '''Menu bar'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Insert fragment dialog box appears.&lt;br /&gt;
| | Click on '''Build''' menu. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Navigate to '''Insert-&amp;gt;Fragment'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Insert fragment''' dialog box appears. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to '''Insert Fragment''' dialog box&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| From the list of fragments, double click on '''alkanes''' folder to open.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Select '''butane.cml''' from the drop down that appears.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Close '''Insert Fragment''' dialog box&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on''' Insert''' button.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on X to close '''Insert Fragment''' dialogue box.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to Butane molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Butane molecule highlighted in blue color appears on the '''Panel'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To remove the highlighting, Press '''Ctrl, Shift '''and '''A '''keys simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to the navigation tool.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Rotate the structure using '''Navigation '''tool to get proper alignment.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We will now learn how to add atoms to the molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on''' Draw tool''' icon &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Draw tool''' icon on the tool bar.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on end carbon atom, drag on the '''Panel.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Point to molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on end '''Carbon''' atom and drag on the '''Panel.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A carbon atom with required hydrogens get added.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We now have a molecule of '''pentane''' on '''Panel'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Similarly, you can add atoms using '''Draw tool''' to make a series of alkanes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to '''Draw tool.'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Open a new window. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Draw propane using '''Draw tool.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let us delete the end Carbon atom with hydrogens to get a molecule of '''Ethane'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on the Selection tool icon&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To delete atoms, click on the '''Selection tool''' icon on the tool bar.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the end carbon atom&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click and drag over the end Carbon atom to make the selection.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Selected atoms appears blue in color.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Press Backspace to delete.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Point to '''Edit '''menu&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Press '''Backspace''' to delete.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alternatively you can use clear option in '''Edit''' menu.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To redo, press '''Ctrl and Z keys '''simutaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We will demonstrate on how to add and delete bonds in a molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select the '''Draw tool''' icon&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Draw settings''' appears&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To add bonds select the '''Draw tool''' icon on the tool bar. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Draw Settings''' menu open on the left.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| By default '''Carbon''' is selected in '''Element '''drop down list.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To introduce a double bond select '''Double''' from '''Bond Order '''drop down.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Bond between C-1 and C-2&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on the bond between C-1 and C-2 to convert it to a double bond.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select Triple from bond order.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on the bond.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To convert double bond into a triple bond, select '''Triple''' from '''Bond Order.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on the bond.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Hold the right mouse button and click on the bonds.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Point to the molecules.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To delete bonds, hold the right mouse button and click on the bonds.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This results in two different molecules.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let's rejoin the molecules.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select Carbon from draw tool settings&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on Carbon of one molecule, drag and click on carbon of other molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We can rotate bonds and change bond lengths using '''Bond Centric Manipulation''' tool.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on '''Bond Centric Manipulation tool'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Bond Centric Manipulation tool''' on the tool bar.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Bond Centric Manipulation''' settings appears&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Bond Centric Manipulation '''settings menu opens on the left.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on '''Bond Centric Manipulation''' settings &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| By default, '''Show Angles''' and '''Snap-to Bonds''' are checked.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Snap-to Threshold''' set to '''10&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;0'''&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;(10 degree).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Users can make their own choice of settings as per the requirements.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Bond&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To show angles, click on the bond between two atoms.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We need to fix the plane of rotation of the bonds.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Bond.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Point to the plane.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To fix the plane you want, click on the bond and move upwards or downwards.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The plane between the atoms appears in blue or yellow color.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on atom, move.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To Rotate, click on one of the atoms and move.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Attached bond along with the atoms rotates in the fixed plane.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on atom with right mouse button&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To change length of the bond hold the right mouse button and drag.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Now we will show how to change Hydrogens to methyl groups.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Build menu'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Build '''menu''', '''navigate down and click on '''Change H To Methyl.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| All Hydrogens are now replaced by Methyl groups.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Press''' CTRL '''and''' Z keys '''simultaneously to undo the changes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We can also select a particular hydrogen atom and change it to a methyl group.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on selection tool&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Selection tool '''on the tool bar&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on the hydrogen&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on the hydrogen attached to end carbon atom to select.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Go to Build menu&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Navigate down and click on Change H to Methyl group&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Cursor on molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Go to '''Build''' menu, navigate down and click on change '''H to Methyl.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The selected Hydrogen gets replaced by methyl group.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Press Ctrl+Shift+A.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To deselect, Press '''Ctrl, Shift''' and '''A''' keys simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let us take a look as how to copy, paste and join structures.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''File'''-&amp;gt;New&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''File'''-&amp;gt;'''New''' to open a new window.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We will learn to build a '''Maltose''' molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Maltose''' is made up of two glucose molecules.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Build '''menu&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To insert a glucose molecule, click on '''Build''' menu.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Scroll down and click on &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Insert-&amp;gt;Fragment '''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Scroll down and click on '''Insert-&amp;gt;Fragment '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Insert-&amp;gt;Fragment''' dialog box appears&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Insert-&amp;gt;Fragment''' dialog box appears.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on '''Insert Fragment '''dialog box&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Scroll down the list and click on '''Cyclic sugar''' folders.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| A sub menu appears&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| A sub menu appears.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Navigate down and select beta-d-glucopyranose.cml &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on X to close the dialog box&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Navigate down and select&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''beta-d-glucopyranose.cml.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on '''Insert''' button.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on X to close the dialog box.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''beta-D-glucopyranose.cml '''appears on panel highlighted in blue color.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Translate it to the center using hand tool.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on Panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let us copy and paste another glucose molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Edit''' menu&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Edit''' menu on the menu bar.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Scroll down and click on Copy&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Scroll down and click on '''Copy'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Again Scroll down the edit menu and then click '''Paste'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Please note during copy, paste operation, window dims for a moment and then recovers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to the new molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| A new molecule gets copied and pasted on the existing molecule on the Panel.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Move with the left mouse button&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| The cursor changes to a hand tool.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Move the copied molecule from the original molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Now we have two separate molecules on the Panel&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Press Ctrl+Shift+A.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To de-select Press '''Ctrl, Shift '''and''' A''' keys simutaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let us label the molecules.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Labeling helps to identify the positions of all the atoms.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To label, Click on '''Label''' check box from the''' Display Types''' drop down.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To get Maltose we need to remove a water molecule. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Delete atoms.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Delete the OH group on C-1 of first molecule and hydrogen on C-9 of second molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select Carbon in draw tool settings&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select '''Carbon''' in '''Draw tool settings.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select Single as bond order&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select''' Single''' as '''Bond Order'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Uncheck the adjust hydrogens check box&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Uncheck '''Adjust Hydrogens''' check box.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click and drag to join C-1 of first molecule and C-9 of second molecule through oxygen atom.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We need to optimize the geometry.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select auto optimization tool&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select '''Auto Optimization tool.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Auto optimization settings appears&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Auto Optimization settings''' menu appears on the left.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select MMFF94 force field&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select '''MMFF94''' force field and click on '''Start'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| The optimization may take a few seconds to complete.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You may remove the labels now&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We now have an optimized structure of Maltose on Panel.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 5'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Summary&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let's summarize. In this tutorial we have learnt to: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add and delete atoms&lt;br /&gt;
* Add and delete bonds&lt;br /&gt;
* Rotate bonds &lt;br /&gt;
* Change Bond length&lt;br /&gt;
* Change Hydrogen to Methyl group&lt;br /&gt;
* Copy, paste and join structures.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 6'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Assignment&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| As an assignment,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Create a Butane molecule using draw tool&lt;br /&gt;
* Convert it into 2,3 dimethyl Butane&lt;br /&gt;
* Rotate the bonds and change bond lengths.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 7'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Assignment&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| * Create a molecule of cellulose&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; (Hint: D- glucose monomer is available in the Insert fragment library)&lt;br /&gt;
* Optimize the geometry using UFF force field.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 8'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Acknowledgement '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Watch the video available at &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://spoken-tutorial.org &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
/What is a Spoken Tutorial &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It summarises the Spoken Tutorial &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
project. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you do not have good bandwidth, &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
you can download and watch it.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| This video summarises the Spoken Tutorial project&lt;br /&gt;
* If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 9'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Spoken Tutorial Project Team &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Conducts workshops using spoken &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
tutorials &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Gives certificates to those who pass an online test &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For more details, please write to &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''contact@spoken-tutorial.org'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| * We conduct workshops using Spoken Tutorials and give certificates. &lt;br /&gt;
* Please contact us.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide number 10'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Acknowledgement'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
the Talk to a Teacher project &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It is supported by the National &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Mission on Education through ICT, &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
MHRD, Government of India &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
More information on this Mission is available at''' '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''http://spoken-tutorial.org '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''/NMEICT-Intro '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| The Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by '''NMEICT, MHRD''' '''Government of '''India&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| This tutorial is contributed by Viswa Janani Vasudhevan and Madhuri Ganapathi.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Thank you for joining.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Visjan</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php/Avogadro/C2/Edit-molecules/English</id>
		<title>Avogadro/C2/Edit-molecules/English</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://script.spoken-tutorial.org/index.php/Avogadro/C2/Edit-molecules/English"/>
				<updated>2016-01-11T11:26:04Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Visjan: Created page with &amp;quot; {| style=&amp;quot;border-spacing:0;&amp;quot; ! &amp;lt;center&amp;gt;Visual Cue&amp;lt;/center&amp;gt; ! &amp;lt;center&amp;gt;Narration&amp;lt;/center&amp;gt;  |- | style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{| style=&amp;quot;border-spacing:0;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! &amp;lt;center&amp;gt;Visual Cue&amp;lt;/center&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
! &amp;lt;center&amp;gt;Narration&amp;lt;/center&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 1'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Title Slide'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Warm greetings everyone.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Welcome to this tutorial on '''Edit molecules.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 2'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Learning Objectives'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| In this tutorial, we will learn to:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add and delete atoms&lt;br /&gt;
* Add and delete bonds&lt;br /&gt;
* Rotate bonds &lt;br /&gt;
* Change length of the bond&lt;br /&gt;
* Change hydrogen to methyl group&lt;br /&gt;
* Copy, paste and join structures.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 3'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''System Requirement'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Here I am using&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Ubuntu Linux '''OS version. 14.04&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Avogadro v'''ersion 1.1.1.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 4'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Pre-requisties'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You should be familiar with:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Avogadro '''interface.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For relevant tutorials, visit our website. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''www.spoken-tutorial.org.'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To follow this tutorial, you should be familiar with:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Avogadro '''interface.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Here I will show how to open '''Avogadro '''using the '''Terminal. '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Press CTRL+ALT+T keys simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To open the terminal press '''CTRL, ALT''' and '''T '''keys simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Type '''avogadro''' at the prompt, press enter.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Type '''avogadro '''at the prompt and press enter.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Avogadro''' application window opens.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| For demonstration, I will display a molecule of '''n-butane''' from the '''Fragment''' library.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the '''Menu bar'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Insert fragment dialog box appears.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Build''' menu. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Navigate to '''Insert-&amp;gt;Fragment'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Insert fragment''' dialog box appears. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to '''Insert Fragment''' dialog box&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| From the list of fragments, double click on '''alkanes''' folder to open.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Select '''butane.cml''' from the drop down that appears.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Close '''Insert Fragment''' dialog box&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on''' Insert''' button.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on X to close '''Insert Fragment''' dialogue box.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to Butane molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Butane molecule highlighted in blue color appears on the '''Panel'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To remove the highlighting, Press '''Ctrl, Shift '''and '''A '''keys simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to the navigation tool.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Rotate the structure using '''Navigation '''tool to get proper alignment.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We will now learn how to add atoms to the molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on''' Draw tool''' icon &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Draw tool''' icon on the tool bar.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on end carbon atom, drag on the '''Panel.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Point to molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on end '''Carbon''' atom and drag on the '''Panel.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A carbon atom with required hydrogens get added.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We now have a molecule of '''pentane''' on '''Panel'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Similarly, you can add atoms using '''Draw tool''' to make a series of alkanes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to '''Draw tool.'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Open a new window. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Draw propane using '''Draw tool.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let us delete the end Carbon atom with hydrogens to get a molecule of '''Ethane'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on the Selection tool icon&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To delete atoms, click on the '''Selection tool''' icon on the tool bar.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the end carbon atom&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click and drag over the end Carbon atom to make the selection.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Selected atoms appears blue in color.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Press Backspace to delete.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Point to '''Edit '''menu&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Press '''Backspace''' to delete.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alternatively you can use clear option in '''Edit''' menu.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To redo, press '''Ctrl and Z keys '''simutaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We will demonstrate on how to add and delete bonds in a molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select the '''Draw tool''' icon&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Draw settings''' appears&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To add bonds select the '''Draw tool''' icon on the tool bar. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Draw Settings''' menu open on the left.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| By default '''Carbon''' is selected in '''Element '''drop down list.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To introduce a double bond select '''Double''' from '''Bond Order '''drop down.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Bond between C-1 and C-2&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on the bond between C-1 and C-2 to convert it to a double bond.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select Triple from bond order.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on the bond.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To convert double bond into a triple bond, select '''Triple''' from '''Bond Order.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on the bond.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Hold the right mouse button and click on the bonds.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Point to the molecules.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To delete bonds, hold the right mouse button and click on the bonds.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This results in two different molecules.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let's rejoin the molecules.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select Carbon from draw tool settings&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on Carbon of one molecule, drag and click on carbon of other molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We can rotate bonds and change bond lengths using '''Bond Centric Manipulation''' tool.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on '''Bond Centric Manipulation tool'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Bond Centric Manipulation tool''' on the tool bar.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Bond Centric Manipulation''' settings appears&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Bond Centric Manipulation '''settings menu opens on the left.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on '''Bond Centric Manipulation''' settings &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| By default, '''Show Angles''' and '''Snap-to Bonds''' are checked.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Snap-to Threshold''' set to '''10&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;0'''&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;(10 degree).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Users can make their own choice of settings as per the requirements.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Bond&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To show angles, click on the bond between two atoms.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We need to fix the plane of rotation of the bonds.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Bond.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Point to the plane.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To fix the plane you want, click on the bond and move upwards or downwards.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The plane between the atoms appears in blue or yellow color.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on atom, move.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To Rotate, click on one of the atoms and move.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Attached bond along with the atoms rotates in the fixed plane.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on atom with right mouse button&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To change length of the bond hold the right mouse button and drag.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Now we will show how to change Hydrogens to methyl groups.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Build menu'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Build '''menu''', '''navigate down and click on '''Change H To Methyl.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| All Hydrogens are now replaced by Methyl groups.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Press''' CTRL '''and''' Z keys '''simultaneously to undo the changes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We can also select a particular hydrogen atom and change it to a methyl group.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on selection tool&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Selection tool '''on the tool bar&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on the hydrogen&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on the hydrogen attached to end carbon atom to select.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Go to Build menu&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Navigate down and click on Change H to Methyl group&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Cursor on molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Go to '''Build''' menu, navigate down and click on change '''H to Methyl.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The selected Hydrogen gets replaced by methyl group.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Press Ctrl+Shift+A.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To deselect, Press '''Ctrl, Shift''' and '''A''' keys simultaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let us take a look as how to copy, paste and join structures.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''File'''-&amp;gt;New&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''File'''-&amp;gt;'''New''' to open a new window.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We will learn to build a '''Maltose''' molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Maltose''' is made up of two glucose molecules.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Build '''menu&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To insert a glucose molecule, click on '''Build''' menu.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Scroll down and click on &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Insert-&amp;gt;Fragment '''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Scroll down and click on '''Insert-&amp;gt;Fragment '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Insert-&amp;gt;Fragment''' dialog box appears&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Insert-&amp;gt;Fragment''' dialog box appears.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on '''Insert Fragment '''dialog box&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Scroll down the list and click on '''Cyclic sugar''' folders.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| A sub menu appears&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| A sub menu appears.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Navigate down and select beta-d-glucopyranose.cml &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on X to close the dialog box&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Navigate down and select&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''beta-d-glucopyranose.cml.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on '''Insert''' button.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Click on X to close the dialog box.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''beta-D-glucopyranose.cml '''appears on panel highlighted in blue color.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Translate it to the center using hand tool.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on Panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let us copy and paste another glucose molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Edit''' menu&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click on '''Edit''' menu on the menu bar.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Scroll down and click on Copy&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Scroll down and click on '''Copy'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Again Scroll down the edit menu and then click '''Paste'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Please note during copy, paste operation, window dims for a moment and then recovers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Point to the new molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| A new molecule gets copied and pasted on the existing molecule on the Panel.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Move with the left mouse button&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| The cursor changes to a hand tool.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Move the copied molecule from the original molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Now we have two separate molecules on the Panel&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Press Ctrl+Shift+A.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To de-select Press '''Ctrl, Shift '''and''' A''' keys simutaneously.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let us label the molecules.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Labeling helps to identify the positions of all the atoms.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To label, Click on '''Label''' check box from the''' Display Types''' drop down.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| To get Maltose we need to remove a water molecule. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Delete atoms.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Delete the OH group on C-1 of first molecule and hydrogen on C-9 of second molecule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select Carbon in draw tool settings&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select '''Carbon''' in '''Draw tool settings.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select Single as bond order&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select''' Single''' as '''Bond Order'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Uncheck the adjust hydrogens check box&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Uncheck '''Adjust Hydrogens''' check box.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on molecule&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Click and drag to join C-1 of first molecule and C-9 of second molecule through oxygen atom.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We need to optimize the geometry.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select auto optimization tool&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select '''Auto Optimization tool.'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Auto optimization settings appears&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Auto Optimization settings''' menu appears on the left.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select MMFF94 force field&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Select '''MMFF94''' force field and click on '''Start'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| The optimization may take a few seconds to complete.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You may remove the labels now&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Cursor on the Panel&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| We now have an optimized structure of Maltose on Panel.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 5'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Summary&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| Let's summarize. In this tutorial we have learnt to: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Add and delete atoms&lt;br /&gt;
* Add and delete bonds&lt;br /&gt;
* Rotate bonds &lt;br /&gt;
* Change Bond length&lt;br /&gt;
* Change Hydrogen to Methyl group&lt;br /&gt;
* Copy, paste and join structures.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 6'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Assignment&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| As an assignment,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Create a Butane molecule using draw tool&lt;br /&gt;
* Convert it into 2,3 dimethyl Butane&lt;br /&gt;
* Rotate the bonds and change bond lengths.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 7'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Assignment&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| * Create a molecule of cellulose&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt; (Hint: D- glucose monomer is available in the Insert fragment library)&lt;br /&gt;
* Optimize the geometry using UFF force field.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 8'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Acknowledgement '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Watch the video available at &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://spoken-tutorial.org &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
/What is a Spoken Tutorial &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It summarises the Spoken Tutorial &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
project. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you do not have good bandwidth, &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
you can download and watch it.&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| This video summarises the Spoken Tutorial project&lt;br /&gt;
* If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide Number 9'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Spoken Tutorial Project Team &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Conducts workshops using spoken &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
tutorials &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Gives certificates to those who pass an online test &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For more details, please write to &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''contact@spoken-tutorial.org'''&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| * We conduct workshops using Spoken Tutorials and give certificates. &lt;br /&gt;
* Please contact us.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| '''Slide number 10'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Acknowledgement'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
the Talk to a Teacher project &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It is supported by the National &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Mission on Education through ICT, &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
MHRD, Government of India &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
More information on this Mission is available at''' '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''http://spoken-tutorial.org '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''/NMEICT-Intro '''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| The Spoken Tutorial Project is funded by '''NMEICT, MHRD''' '''Government of '''India&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:none;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;background-color:#ffffff;border-top:none;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;border-left:1pt solid #000000;border-right:1pt solid #000000;padding:0.097cm;&amp;quot;| This tutorial is contributed by Viswa Janani Vasudhevan and Madhuri Ganapathi.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Thank you for joining.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Visjan</name></author>	</entry>

	</feed>