Script | Spoken-Tutorial - User contributions [en]

Health-and-Nutrition/C2/Type-1-and-Type-2-nutrients/English

2020-01-24T08:21:43Z

Tasneemiitb: Created page with " {|border=1 | <center>Visual Cue</center> |<center>Narration</center> |- |'''Slide Number 1''' '''Title Slide''' | Welcome to the '''spoken tutorial''' on type 1 and type 2..."

{|border=1

| <center>Visual Cue</center>
|<center>Narration</center>

|-
|'''Slide Number 1'''

'''Title Slide'''
| Welcome to the '''spoken tutorial''' on type 1 and type 2 nutrients.
|-
| Image: Type 1 nutrients vs type 2 nutrients.
| This tutorial is about the difference between type 1 and type 2 nutrients.
|-
| Image: Food.
| Let us begin.
|-
| Image: Food gives us energy to do various activities.

Image: Nutrients from food are required for the growth and maintenance of our body.

Image: Essential nutrients present in food that our body cannot make.

Image: 40 essential nutrients.
| Food gives us energy and nutrients.

Nutrients are necessary for the growth and maintenance of our body.

Some of these nutrients cannot be produced by our body.

Such nutrients are called essential nutrients.

There are 40 essential nutrients that we must obtain from food.
|-
| Image: Nutrient-poor foods cannot provide adequate amounts of essential nutrients.
| We cannot get adequate amounts of these nutrients from nutrient-poor foods.
|-
| Image: Large amount of nutrient-poor foods satisfies the feeling of hunger.

Image: Overweight child shows symptoms of essential nutrient deficiency.

Image: Hidden hunger.
| Such foods, even in large amounts, can satisfy only the feeling of hunger.

However, we can be deficient in one or more of the essential nutrients.

This is known as hidden hunger.
|-
| Image: 40 essential nutrients.

Image: Type 1 nutrients.

Image: Type 2 nutrients or growth nutrients.

| Essential nutrients are divided into 2 types:

1. Type 1 nutrients or functional nutrients.

2. Type 2 nutrients or growth nutrients.

|-
| Image: Essential minerals.

| '''Iron''', '''calcium''', '''iodine''' and '''copper''' are type 1 nutrients.

'''Manganese, fluorine''' and '''selenium''' also belong to the same group.
|-
| | Image: Vitamins.

| '''Vitamin B, C, A, D, E''' and '''K''' are type 1 nutrients as well.
|-
| Image: Type 2 nutrients.

Image: Essential amino acids or protein.

Image: Essential fatty acids.

Image: Major minerals.

Image: Other minerals.

| '''Sulphur, chlorine''' and '''protein''' or '''essential amino acids''' are type 2 nutrients.

'''Sodium, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus''' and '''zinc''' also belong to the same group.

Essential fatty acids like '''omega 3''' are type 2 nutrients as well.
|-
| Image: Type 1 nutrients vs type 2 nutrients.

| Let’s understand the difference between type 1 and type 2 nutrients.
|-
| Image: Type 1 nutrients required for specific functions in tissues.
| Type 1 nutrients are required for specific functions in the tissues.

Therefore, they are concentrated in a particular tissue or group of tissues.
|-
| Image: Calcium is required for strong bones.

Image: Vitamin A is required for healthy eyes.
| Let’s take '''calcium''' and '''vitamin A '''as examples.

'''Calcium''' is required for strong bones.

'''Vitamin A''' is required for healthy eyes.
|-
| Image: Type 2 nutrients are required for the overall growth of the body.

Image: Type 2 nutrients form the structure of cells in the body.

Image: Type 2 nutrients are present in all body tissues.
| By contrast, type 2 nutrients are required for the overall growth of the body.

They form part of the structure and function of each and every cell in the body.

Therefore, they are present in all body tissues.
|-
| Image: Type 1 nutrient deficiency vs type 2 nutrient deficiency.

| Let’s discuss the response of our body to type 1 and 2 nutrient deficiencies.
|-
| Image: Type 1 nutrient deficiencies.

Image: Body of a child is growing normally.
| During a type 1 nutrient deficiency, the body continues to grow normally.
|-
| Image: Body uses the calcium from bone tissues in a calcium deficiency.
| Body takes this nutrient from the specific tissues in which it is stored.

Let’s take '''calcium''' as an example.

In ''' calcium ''' deficiency, the body uses the '''calcium''' stored in the bones.
|-
| Image: Decreased calcium concentration in the bone tissues.
| As a result, the concentration of that nutrient in the tissues decreases.
|-
| Image: Thin and brittle bones.
| Then, the organs dependant on that nutrient are affected.
|-
| Image: Sick child with weak bones.

Image: Type 1 nutrient deficiency signs.

Image: Bone-thinning and increased risk of fractures caused by a calcium deficiency.

Image: Anemia caused by iron deficiency.

Image: Night blindness caused by vitamin A deficiency.

Image: Hypothyroidism caused by iodine deficiency.
| Therefore, the person becomes ill.

The sick person then shows a specific sign of deficiency.

Let’s understand this with the help of 4 examples:

1. Bone-thinning and increased risk of fractures are signs of '''calcium''' deficiency.

2. '''Anaemia''' is a sign of '''iron''' deficiency.

3. Night blindness is a sign of '''vitamin A''' deficiency.

4. '''Hypothyroidism''' is a sign of '''iodine''' deficiency.
|-
| Image: Type 2 nutrient deficiency.

Image: Growth failure.
| On the other hand, there is only 1 sign of type 2 nutrient deficiencies.

That sign is called growth failure.
|-
| GIF: The rate of new cell formation is reduced.

GIF: The rate of replacement of old cells is reduced.

Image: Low body weight child.

Image: Short heighted child.

Image: Decreased muscle mass in a child.
| Growth failure means the body reduces the rate of 2 major processes:

1. Formation of new cells

2. Replacement of old cells.

The body stops growing and making new tissues.

This leads to low body weight, short height and decreased muscle mass.
|-
| Image: All the cells in the body are affected.

Image: Immune system cells are affected.

Image: Risk of infections is increased.

Image: Increased risk of death.
| All the cells of the body, including the immune system, are affected.

This increases the risk of infections.

Eventually, it can cause death.
|-
| Image: Type 2 nutrients are not stored in the body.

Image: Type 2 nutrient deficiency.

Image: Body breaks down its tissues and muscles.

Image: Body uses nutrients from tissues and muscles for the rest of the body.
| Type 2 nutrients are not stored in the body.

In a deficiency, the body may start to break down its tissues or muscles.

This releases the type 2 nutrient in which the body is deficient.

This nutrient will then be used for other tissues of the body.
|-
| Image: Breakdown of tissues and muscles is critical.

Image: Functions of the cells are affected.

Image: Reduced appetite

| When tissue breakdown becomes severe, the functions of the cells are affected.

Also, there is a reduction in the appetite.
|-
| Image: Body is breaking down its own tissue to release one type 2 nutrient.

Image: All other type 2 nutrients are released and excreted from the body.
| The tissue breakdown provides the nutrient in which the body is deficient.

However, it also releases all the other type 2 nutrients from the tissues.

These nutrients are then excreted from the body.

So, all type 2 nutrients must be provided in a type 2 nutrient deficiency.
|-
| Image: Type 1 nutrient deficiency

Image: Only one nutrient is given to correct a type 1 nutrient deficiency.
| Correcting a type 1 nutrient deficiency does not require all type 1 nutrients.

It can be treated by giving only the nutrient in which the body is deficient.
|-
| Image: Type 1 and type 2 nutrients in breastmilk.

Image: Healthy mother and undernourished mother have the same amount of type 2 nutrients in their breastmilk.

Image: Baby of both undernourished and healthy mothers grow equally with adequate breastfeeding.
| Next, let’s discuss the availability of type 1 and 2 nutrients from breastmilk.

Breastmilk contains stable stores of type 2 nutrients.

They do not change even if the mother is undernourished.

The baby of an undernourished mother can grow well with adequate breastfeeding.
|-
| Image: Quantity of type 1 nutrients varies in the breastmilk as per mother’s self-nourishment.
| By contrast, the quantity of type 1 nutrients in breastmilk is not stable.

It varies as per mother’s self-nourishment.
|-
| Image: Vitamin D deficient mother’s breastmilk is deficient in vitamin D.
| Let’s take '''vitamin D''' as an example.

Breastmilk of a mother deficient in '''vitamin D''' has less amount of '''vitamin D.'''
|-
| Image: Diagnosis of type 1 vs type 2 nutrient deficiencies.
| Next, let’s discuss the diagnosis of type 1 and type 2 nutrient deficiencies.
|-
| Image: Diagnosing type 1 vs type 2 nutrient deficiency.

Image: Type 1 nutrient deficiency symptoms.

Image: Blood test.
| A type 1 nutrient deficiency is commonly diagnosed in 2 ways.

First, the unique symptoms of the deficiency are recognised.

Then, the level of the nutrient in the body is measured by a blood test.
|-
| Image: Iron.

Image: Pale skin.

Image: Fatigue.

Image: Blood test.

Image: Haemoglobin.
| Let’s take '''iron''' and '''iodine''' as examples.

In '''iron''' deficiency, symptoms such as pale skin and fatigue are recognised.

The level of '''haemoglobin''' in the body is measured by a blood test.
|-
| Image: Iodine.

Image: Swelling of the neck.

Image: Weight gain.

Image: Hair loss.

Image: Blood test.

Image: Iodine.

Image: Thyroid hormones.
| '''Iodine''' deficiency is also diagnosed by its unique symptoms and tests.

Symptoms such as swelling of the neck, weight gain and hair loss are recognised.

The level of '''iodine''' and '''thyroid hormones''' in the body is measured by blood tests.
|-
| Image: Type 1 nutrient deficiencies.

Image: Type 2 nutrient deficiencies.

Image: Type 1 deficiency treatments - pills, injections, food.
| Type 1 nutrient deficiencies are well recognised and treated.
|-
| Image: Type 1 nutrient deficiency symptoms.

Image: Dietitian advising the malnourished patient.

Image: A diet rich in the type 1 nutrient in which the body is deficient.

Image: Iron supplements.

Image: Folic acid supplements.

Image: Vitamin C supplements.

Image: Iodine fortified salt.
| There are various ways to correct a type 1 nutrient deficiency.

One can take the recommended amount of these nutrients in the diet.

Supplements are also recommended for these nutrients.

'''Iron''', '''vitamin C''' and '''folic acid''' supplements are commonly prescribed.

Food is fortified with type 1 nutrients in areas where deficiency is common.

A well-known example is salt that is fortified with '''iodine'''.

A qualified nutrition expert can provide guidance on these methods.
|-
| Image: Type 2 nutrient deficiency symptoms.

Image: Weight measurement.

Image: Height measurement.

Image: Mid upper arm circumference measurement.
| Diagnosis and treatment of a type 2 nutrient deficiency is difficult.

There is only 1 way to diagnose any type 2 nutrient deficiency.

It is to measure and track the weight, height and mid upper arm circumference.
|-
| Image: Type 2 nutrients.

Image: Growth failure.

Image: Specific type 2 nutrient deficiency cannot be determined.
| However, this will only help in detecting growth failure.

Growth failure is caused by every type 2 nutrient deficiency.

It is difficult to determine which specific nutrient the body is deficient in.
|-
| Image: Food rich in all type 2 nutrients.

Image: Increasing quantity of previously given food doesn’t work.

Image: Changing the quality of food helps a child grows normally.

| So, correcting a type 2 nutrient deficiency requires all type 2 nutrients.

Food rich in all type 2 nutrients must be given in such a deficiency.

Increasing only the quantity of previously given food will not work.

Previously given food failed to provide type 2 nutrients to the body.

The quality of food must be changed for normal growth of the body.

Please consult a qualified nutrition expert for further guidance.
|-
| Image: Type 1 nutrient food sources.

Image: Type 2 nutrient food sources.
| Food sources of type 1 and type 2 nutrients are discussed in other tutorials.

Please visit our website for more details.
|-
| Slide Number 2

Acknowledgement
| This brings us to the end of this tutorial.

Thank you for joining.
|-
|}

Health and Hygiene

2019-11-25T03:55:40Z

Tasneemiitb:

#First Aid on Snake Bite
#*How important is first aid and
#*How to give the correct first aid in case of a snake bite.
#First Aid on Fever
#*What are the symptoms of fever.
#*Primary care and consulting the doctor.
#First Aid Measures for ChickenPox
#*What is chickenpox, its symptoms, causes and the Do’s and Don’ts.
#Oral Dental Hygiene
#*About,the ways of maintaining good oral hygiene
#*Primary care and consulting the dentist.
#Hydration in summer for adults
#*Strategies to drink water throughout the day
#*Hydration through food and drinks.

Health-and-Nutrition/C2/Feeding-expressed-breastmilk-to-babies/English

2019-07-31T07:41:32Z

Tasneemiitb: Created page with "{|border=1 | <center>Visual Cue</center> |<center>Narration</center> |- |'''Slide Number 1''' '''Title Slide''' | Welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on Feeding expressed b..."

{|border=1

| <center>Visual Cue</center>
|<center>Narration</center>

|-
|'''Slide Number 1'''
'''Title Slide'''
| Welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on Feeding expressed breastmilk to babies

|-
| Image: The caregiver is testing the temperature of the breastmilk on their wrist

Image: Woman is feeding milk from a glass container to the baby.

| In this tutorial we will learn,

* How to make stored breastmilk ready for a baby to drink
* And how to feed expressed breastmilk to a baby

|-
| Image: Collage of benefits of hand expression.

GIF: Hand expression of breastmilk

Image: Breast milk stored in a labelled closed glass container.

| Let us begin

Expressing breastmilk has many benefits for the baby and the caregiver

Expressing breastmilk and storing it safely are explained in other tutorials

|-
| Image: The caregiver is warming the breastmilk in warm water.

Image: The caregiver is checking temperature of breastmilk on their wrist

| Now, let us learn how to make the stored breastmilk ready for the baby to drink

|-
| Image: The caregiver is washing their hands.

Image: The caregiver is showing their dry and clean hands.

| Before handling breastmilk the caregiver must -

* wash their hands with soap and water
* And dry their hands well

|-
| Image: Caregiver is holding old dated milk container and doesn’t touch new container.

| Remember, the oldest stored breastmilk should always be used first

|-
| Image: Frozen breastmilk in freezer

Image: Frozen breastmilk transferred to fridge from the freezer

Image: Milk is defrosting

Image: 24 hours clock

| When using frozen breastmilk,

* Ideally, defrost it by keeping it overnight on the lowest shelf of the fridge
* And use this defrosted milk within the next 24 hours

|-
| Image: Cross mark on 12 hours

Image: Frozen breastmilk is kept in cold water outside the fridge

Image: Frozen breastmilk is kept in lukewarm water and shaken occasionally

| But if the frozen breastmilk is needed quickly, defrost it outside the fridge by -

* First, keeping it in a container of cold water
* And then keeping it in a container of lukewarm water

|-
| Image: Breastmilk container is shaken occasionally

| While defrosting in lukewarm water -

* shake the breastmilk container gently and occasionally

Do not shake it vigorously and continuously

|-
| Image: Drops on the outside of the frozen breastmilk container are wiped with a clean cloth.

Image: Condensation of water on the jar

| Dry the outside of the breastmilk container with a clean cloth before use

|-
| Image: Defrosted breast milk

Image: The caregiver feeding the defrosted milk to baby from a cup

Image: The caregiver is throwing away unused defrosted milk

| Use this defrosted breast milk within 2 hours and throw away any unused milk

|-
| Image: Defrosted breastmilk smells and tastes different than fresh breastmilk.

Image: Baby accepts defrosted breastmilk

|
* Defrosted breastmilk can smell and taste different than fresh breastmilk
* It is fine as long as the baby accepts it

|-
| Image: The caregiver is smelling spoilt milk

|
* The caregiver must always smell the breastmilk before feeding it to the baby
* If the milk smells sour, do not use it

|-
| Image: Stored breastmilk separates with cream rising to the top

Image: The caregiver shakes the milk gently

Image: The cream is mixed in the milk again.

| Please remember -

* When breastmilk is stored, it will separate with the cream rising to the top
* This is normal
* Shake gently to mix the cream back in the milk before use

|-
| Image: The caregiver puts the container filled with breastmilk in a bowl of warm water

| To warm the breastmilk just before feeding it to the baby-

* keep the breastmilk container in a bowl of lukewarm water for 20 to 30 minutes

|-
| Image: The caregiver tests how warm the milk is by dropping a little on her wrist

|
* Test how warm the milk is by dropping a little onto the wrist
* It is right when it feels warm

|-
| Image: The caregiver uses stored breastmilk straight from the fridge to feed the baby

Image: Milk is overheated

Image: The caregiver is scalded by overheated milk

|
* Do not use hot water to warm the breastmilk
* Try to use stored breast milk straight from the fridge
* This will help to avoid the risks of over-heating and burns

|-
| Image: The caregiver is heating breastmilk on a stove

Image: The caregiver is heating breastmilk in a microwave

Image: Heat destroys many infection-fighting factors present in breastmilk.

|
* Do not heat breastmilk by keeping it directly on a stove or in a microwave
* Direct heat destroys many of the infection-fighting factors present in the breastmilk

|-
| Image: The caregiver is feeding expressed breastmilk to baby

| When the breastmilk is ready, offer it to the baby

|-
| Image: Paladai

Image: Small cup

Image: Spoon

Image: Nifty cup

| To do so, the following utensils can be used:

* A Paladai
* A small cup
* A spoon or
* A nifty cup

Out of these, it is preferable to use a spoon or a cup to feed the baby

|-
| Image: The caregiver is washing the cup with soap and water

Image: Cup is air-dried

Image: The caregiver is wiping the cup with a clean unused cloth.

| Firstly, the caregiver must -

* wash the chosen utensil with soap and water
* and then air dry it completely
* Or wipe it dry with a clean unused cloth

|-
| Image: The caregiver is washing their hands with soap and water

Image: The caregiver is showing dry hands

| Then, the caregiver must wash and dry their hands properly

|-
| Image: half-filled cup

Image: two-thirds filled cup

| They should half-fill or two-thirds fill the chosen utensil with breastmilk

|-
| Image: The caregiver is holding the baby in a nearly upright position on her lap

Image: The caregiver’s hand is supporting the baby’s head and neck

|
* Then, they should hold the baby in a nearly upright position on their lap

* Their hand should support the baby’s head and neck

|-
| Image: Paladai

Image: Tip of the paladai is positioned inside the baby’s mouth. It is resting lightly on the baby’s lower lip. Milk is at the rim of the beak of the paladai.

| If they are using a Paladai to feed the baby-

* They should position the tip of the paladai inside the corner of the baby’s mouth
* It should be held lightly between the baby’s lips
* The tip of the paladai should lightly touch the baby’s upper lip
* In this position, the milk should stay at the rim of the beak of the paladai

|-
| GIF: Baby is suckling milk from the paladai

Image: The caregiver slightly tilts the paladai to keep the milk at the rim

| As the baby slurps milk, the caregiver should tilt the paladai slightly to keep the milk at the rim

|-
| Image: Small cup

Image: Cup is resting on the lower lip of the baby.

Image: The caregiver slightly tilts the cup so that the milk reached the top edge of the cup

Image or GIF: Baby is drinking milk from the rim of the cup

| If the caregiver is using a small cup to feed the baby-

* They should hold the cup lightly between the baby’s lips
* The rim of the cup should lightly touch the baby’s upper lip
* They should tilt the cup slightly until the milk reaches the top edge of the cup
* This should let the baby take the milk from the rim of the cup

|-
| Image: Spoon

Image: The caregiver is holding the spoon next to the baby’s lower lip

Image: The caregiver tilts the spoon so that the milk is at the edge of the spoon

GIF: The caregiver is feeding the baby with a spoon in the first few days of birth.

Image: Spoon filled with milk

| If the caregiver is using a spoon to feed the baby-

* They should hold the spoon between the baby’s lips
* The edge of the spoon should lightly touch the baby’s upper lip
* Then they should tilt the spoon slightly until the milk is at the edge of the spoon

|-
| Image: Feeding the baby with a spoon first few days after birth

|
* Feeding with a spoon is good for the first few days after birth
* Because during these days only a small amount of milk is needed

|-
| Image: Nifty cup

Image: The caregiver positions small reservoir of the nifty cup just inside the baby’s mouth

GIF: Baby is suckling milk from the nifty cup

Image: The caregiver slightly tilts the cup up to add milk to the reservoir as it empties.

| If the caregiver is using a nifty cup to feed the baby -

* They should position the small reservoir of the nifty cup just inside the baby’s mouth
* As the baby slurps the milk, they should tilt the cup up slightly
* This will add milk to the reservoir as it empties

|-
| Image: The caregiver is feeding expressed breastmilk to the baby

Image: The caregiver is pouring the milk in baby’s mouth

Image: Baby is choking on milk

Image: The caregiver has kept milk at the rim of the cup throughout the feed

| When feeding expressed breastmilk to the baby-

* Never pour milk into the baby’s mouth
* This may cause the baby to choke
* Instead, keep the milk at the rim and leave it in that position throughout the feed

|-
| Image: Baby is fully awake and alert in the feeding position.

Image: Baby is interested in feeding. She is asking for milk.

|
* Always ensure that the baby is fully awake, alert and interested in feeding

|-
| Image: Baby is wrapped in a cloth while the caregiver feeds her expressed breastmilk

Image: Baby knocks the cup out of the caregiver’s hands while feeding.

|
* If needed, wrap the baby to prevent her from knocking the cup out of the feeder’s hands

|-
| GIF: baby is suckling milk from a cup

|
* Always let the baby slurp milk at her own pace

|-
| Image: 60 to 90 ml milk

Image: Baby is holding her hands up while the caregiver is feeding from a cup

Image: Baby falls asleep while the caregiver is feeding her from a cup

Image: Baby closes her mouth while the caregiver is feeding her from a spoon

| Look for signs which show that the baby has had enough milk

Signs such as -

* Holding her hands up
* Falling asleep or
* Closing her mouth

|-
| Image: The caregiver is applying too much pressure on the lower lip of the baby with the cup.

Image: The caregiver has kept the cup very lightly on the baby’s lower lip.

| Remember-

* Do not apply too much pressure on the lower lip of the baby
* Always let the edge of the utensil touch the baby’s upper lip lightly

|-
| Image: The caregiver has put the paladai too far inside the baby’s mouth

Image: The caregiver has kept the paladai at the right place on baby’s mouth

| Do not put the cup, paladai or spoon too far inside the baby’s mouth

|-
| Image: The caregiver is feeding the baby in a lying down position

| Never feed a baby in a lying down position

|-
| Image: The caregiver is bottle feeding the baby

| Do not use a feeding bottle to feed the expressed breastmilk to the baby

|-
| Image: The caregiver is feeding expressed milk to baby from a cup

Image: The caregiver is washing the used cup with soap and clean water

Image: Feeding cup is air dried

| After feeding the baby -

* Wash the cup, paladai or spoon well with soap and clean water
* And let it air dry completely

|-
| Image: Baby is rejecting expressed breastmilk when uncle is trying to feed her

Image: Baby is feeding properly when grandmother feeds her

|
* Some babies are reluctant to take expressed breastmilk-
** particularly at first from some people

* They may be less reluctant when someone else gives it to them

|-
| Image: Baby is refusing expressed milk when uncle is feeding her

Image: The mother comes back from work

Image: Mother breastfeeds the baby after coming home from work.

GIF: Clock

|
* If expressed milk is refused by the baby, try not to worry
* On the mother’s return from work-
** The baby will make up any missed feeds by breastfeeding more often or for longer

|-
| Image: Safe breastmilk in a container

Image: The caregiver is washing their hands

Image: The caregiver is washing the container

Image: The caregiver is feeding milk to the baby from a cup

GIF: Clock

Image: Breastmilk filled container is stored safely in the fridge

Image: Breastmilk filled container is stored safely in a room.

| Remember,

Keep the breastmilk safe by-

* washing hands, containers and utensils
* feeding milk as soon as needed
* or storing it safely

|-
| Slide Number 2

Acknowledgement

| This brings us to the end of this tutorial

Thank you for joining

|}

Health-and-Nutrition/C2/Storage-of-expressed-breastmilk/English

2019-07-31T07:37:46Z

Tasneemiitb:

{|border=1

| <center>Visual Cue</center>
|<center>Narration</center>

|-
|'''Slide Number 1'''
'''Title Slide'''
| Welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on Storage of expressed breastmilk.

|-
|Image: Breast milk in a labelled closed glass container
|In this tutorial, we will learn,
* How to store expressed breastmilk safely for later use
|-
| Image: Collage of benefits of hand expression
GIF: Hand expression of breastmilk
|Let us begin.
Expressing breastmilk has many benefits for the baby and the mother.

|-
|Image: Collage of benefits of hand expression
GIF: Hand expression of breastmilk
| Expressing breastmilk by hand is explained in another tutorial in the same series.
|-
|Image: Expressed breastmilk is handled safely to maintain its high quality
Image: Security sign
|Expressed breastmilk must be handled and stored safely.
Doing so, will maintain its high quality for the baby.
|-
| Image: Mother is washing her hands.
Image: Mother is showing her dry and clean hands.
|Before handling breastmilk -
*Mother should wash her hands with soap and water and dry them properly
|-
| Image: Clean steel container with a lid.
Image: Clean glass container with a lid.
|To store breastmilk-
* Mother should use steel or glass wide-mouth containers that can be kept covered
|-
|Image: Clean steel container with a lid.
Image: Clean glass container with a lid.
Image: Glass container with milk
|Though steel containers are recommended,
*we will use glass containers in some of the pictures

This will help us to clearly see the milk inside the container
|-
| Image: Mother is washing a wide mouth cup with soap and water
|Next, the mother should wash the chosen containers in soap and water
|-
| Image: Cup is kept in boiling water
|After that, she should keep the containers in boiling water for at least 10 minutes
|-
| Image: Glass container is air-dried completely
Image: Mother is wiping the container
|Then, she should either
* air dry the containers completely
* Or wipe them dry with an unused clean cloth

The containers should never be dried with a used cloth such as a used kitchen cloth
|-
| Image: Mother pouring expressed breastmilk from the container she used to collect the breastmilk into the container for storage
|After the clean container is dried completely-
* She should pour the expressed milk into the containers
|-
|Image: 60 ml breastmilk stored in a container
Image: 90 ml breastmilk stored in a container
|Mother should store only enough milk -

* for one feeding or
* about 60 to 90 milliliters of milk in each container

|-
|Image: 1 inch space at the top of the container
Image: Frozen breastmilk is expanding and fills that 1 inch gap
|If the mother plans to freeze her breastmilk -
*She should leave an inch of space at the top of the container

Because breast milk expands as it freezes.
|-
| Image: Container is labelled with date and time
|She should label each container with the date and time of milk expression
|-
| Image: Breastmilk filled labelled container is stored in a fridge
|Then, she should store these breastmilk filled containers in the coldest possible place
|-
| Image: Breastmilk filled containers are stored in a fridge
Image: Fridge
|If she has a fridge, it is best to save the milk there
|-
| Image: Breastmilk filled containers are stored in the back of the lowest shelf of the fridge.

Image: Breastmilk filled containers are stored in the front side of the highest shelf of the fridge with a red crossmark.

Image: Thermometer showing less than 4 degree celsius.
| She should store the breastmilk in the back of the lowest shelf of the fridge.

This is the coldest area of a fridge

Never store the breastmilk in the door of a fridge
|-
|Image: thermometer for temperature

Image: Clock for time

Image: Expressed breastmilk

|The lower the temperature of storage, the longer the storage time
|-
| Image: Breastmilk is stored up to 7 days in the fridge.

Image: 7 days

Image: Temperature of the fridge is between 2 and 8 degree Celsius.

|Breast milk can be stored for up to 7 days in a fridge under clean conditions
|-
| Image: Milk in the fridge is kept cold consistently

|It must be kept cold consistently
|-
| Image: Father is opening the door of the fridge frequently

GIF: Temperature is rising.
|Remember,
The more often the fridge door is opened, the more likely the temperature will rise
|-
| Image: Temperature of the fridge goes above 8 degree celsius

Image: Breastmilk is stored in the fridge

Image: Power cut

Image: Mother is using breastmilk within 6 hours

|If the fridge temperature rises during storage time due to a power cut or other reasons -
* then the mother should use the breastmilk within 6 hours
|-
| Image: Mother is throwing away the stored breastmilk

|If the breastmilk is not used within 6 hours, then she should throw it away
|-
| Image: Breastmilk filled labelled container is stored in a cold, dark place in the house.
|If the mother doesn’t have a fridge then -
* breast milk can be stored up to 6 hours in a safe, cold and dark place in the house
|-
| Image: Breastmilk filled container is kept near a water-filled earthen pot

Image: Breastmilk filled container is kept in a vessel filled with cold water
|If the room is hot, she can store the breastmilk -
* Near an earthen pot filled with cold water
* Or in a vessel filled with cold water
|-
| GIF: Clock running continuously

Image: Fresh breast milk protected from spoiling because of infection-fighting factors in it

Image: Cow’s milk transition from fresh to spoilt

Image: 6 hours clock

Image: sunrays

Image: Mother is feeding expressed breastmilk safely throughout the day. Show clock.

|Fresh breast milk contains infection-fighting factors

Therefore, it can stay unspoilt longer than cow's milk

Germs do not start growing in fresh breast milk for at least 6 hours -
* even in a hot climate, and outside the fridge
|-
| Image: Fridge is not available

Image: Cool bag

Image: Cool box

Image: deep frozen ice packs

Image: 24 hours

|Another way to store breastmilk outside the fridge is -
* By using a cool bag or box with deep-frozen ice packs, changed every 24 hours
|-
| Image: Milk coming in direct contact with ice packs

Image: Milk is protected from ice packs

Image: Frozen breastmilk
|The milk must be protected from the ice packs or it may freeze
|-
| Image: Breastmilk is carried in a cool bag by mother.
|The cool bag can also be used to carry milk
|-
| GIF: 7 days

Image: Mother immediately freezes breastmilk after expressing it.
|If the breast milk is to be stored for longer than 7 days-
* Mother should freeze it as soon as possible after expressing
|-
|Image: Milk is frozen solid in the freezer of a fridge

Image: Single door fridge

Image: Solid milk

Image: 2 weeks
| Milk which is frozen solid in the freezer of a fridge will be good for 2 weeks
|-
|Image: Breastmilk is frozen solid in a separate freezer

Image: Double door fridge

Image: 3 to 6 months
| Milk stored in a separate freezer will be good for 3 to 6 months
|-
|Image: Frozen solid milk is defrosted in the fridge

Image: Milk solid to liquid

Image: 24 hours

|When this previously frozen breast milk is defrosted -
* by keeping it overnight on the lowest shelf of the fridge
** it should be used within 24 hours

|-
| Image: Frozen solid milk is defrosted outside the fridge
Image: Mother immediately uses the outside defrosted milk

|And when it is defrosted outside the fridge, it should be used within 2 hours

|-
|Image: Warming the expressed milk in warm water

Image: Mother is feeding expressed milk to the baby using a cup
|In other tutorials, we have explained-
* How to make stored breastmilk ready for the baby to drink
* And how to feed expressed milk to the baby
|-
| ‘’’Slide Number 2’’’
‘’’Acknowledgement Slide’’’
| This brings us to the end of this tutorial
Thank you for joining
|}

Health-and-Nutrition/C2/Storage-of-expressed-breastmilk/English

2019-07-31T07:36:51Z

Tasneemiitb:

{|border=1

| <center>Visual Cue</center>
|<center>Narration</center>

|-
|'''Slide Number 1'''
'''Title Slide'''
| Welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on Storage of expressed breastmilk.

|-
|Image: Breast milk in a labelled closed glass container
|In this tutorial, we will learn,
* How to store expressed breastmilk safely for later use
|-
| Image: Collage of benefits of hand expression
GIF: Hand expression of breastmilk
|Let us begin.
Expressing breastmilk has many benefits for the baby and the mother.

|-
|Image: Collage of benefits of hand expression
GIF: Hand expression of breastmilk
| Expressing breastmilk by hand is explained in another tutorial in the same series.
|-
|Image: Expressed breastmilk is handled safely to maintain its high quality
Image: Security sign
|Expressed breastmilk must be handled and stored safely.
Doing so, will maintain its high quality for the baby.
|-
| Image: Mother is washing her hands.
Image: Mother is showing her dry and clean hands.
|Before handling breastmilk -
*Mother should wash her hands with soap and water and dry them properly
|-
| Image: Clean steel container with a lid.
Image: Clean glass container with a lid.
|To store breastmilk-
* Mother should use steel or glass wide-mouth containers that can be kept covered
|-
|Image: Clean steel container with a lid.
Image: Clean glass container with a lid.
Image: Glass container with milk
|Though steel containers are recommended,
*we will use glass containers in some of the pictures

This will help us to clearly see the milk inside the container
|-
| Image: Mother is washing a wide mouth cup with soap and water
|Next, the mother should wash the chosen containers in soap and water
|-
| Image: Cup is kept in boiling water
|After that, she should keep the containers in boiling water for at least 10 minutes
|-
| Image: Glass container is air-dried completely
Image: Mother is wiping the container
|Then, she should either
* air dry the containers completely
* Or wipe them dry with an unused clean cloth

The containers should never be dried with a used cloth such as a used kitchen cloth
|-
| Image: Mother pouring expressed breastmilk from the container she used to collect the breastmilk into the container for storage
|After the clean container is dried completely-
* She should pour the expressed milk into the containers
|-
|Image: 60 ml breastmilk stored in a container
Image: 90 ml breastmilk stored in a container
|Mother should store only enough milk -

* for one feeding or
* about 60 to 90 milliliters milk in each container

|-
|Image: 1 inch space at the top of the container
Image: Frozen breastmilk is expanding and fills that 1 inch gap
|If the mother plans to freeze her breastmilk -
*She should leave an inch of space at the top of the container

Because breast milk expands as it freezes.
|-
| Image: Container is labelled with date and time
|She should label each container with the date and time of milk expression
|-
| Image: Breastmilk filled labelled container is stored in a fridge
|Then, she should store these breastmilk filled containers in the coldest possible place
|-
| Image: Breastmilk filled containers are stored in a fridge
Image: Fridge
|If she has a fridge, it is best to save the milk there
|-
| Image: Breastmilk filled containers are stored in the back of the lowest shelf of the fridge.

Image: Breastmilk filled containers are stored in the front side of the highest shelf of the fridge with a red crossmark.

Image: Thermometer showing less than 4 degree celsius.
| She should store the breastmilk in the back of the lowest shelf of the fridge.

This is the coldest area of a fridge

Never store the breastmilk in the door of a fridge
|-
|Image: thermometer for temperature

Image: Clock for time

Image: Expressed breastmilk

|The lower the temperature of storage, the longer the storage time
|-
| Image: Breastmilk is stored up to 7 days in the fridge.

Image: 7 days

Image: Temperature of the fridge is between 2 and 8 degree Celsius.

|Breast milk can be stored for up to 7 days in a fridge under clean conditions
|-
| Image: Milk in the fridge is kept cold consistently

|It must be kept cold consistently
|-
| Image: Father is opening the door of the fridge frequently

GIF: Temperature is rising.
|Remember,
The more often the fridge door is opened, the more likely the temperature will rise
|-
| Image: Temperature of the fridge goes above 8 degree celsius

Image: Breastmilk is stored in the fridge

Image: Power cut

Image: Mother is using breastmilk within 6 hours

|If the fridge temperature rises during storage time due to a power cut or other reasons -
* then the mother should use the breastmilk within 6 hours
|-
| Image: Mother is throwing away the stored breastmilk

|If the breastmilk is not used within 6 hours, then she should throw it away
|-
| Image: Breastmilk filled labelled container is stored in a cold, dark place in the house.
|If the mother doesn’t have a fridge then -
* breast milk can be stored up to 6 hours in a safe, cold and dark place in the house
|-
| Image: Breastmilk filled container is kept near a water-filled earthen pot

Image: Breastmilk filled container is kept in a vessel filled with cold water
|If the room is hot, she can store the breastmilk -
* Near an earthen pot filled with cold water
* Or in a vessel filled with cold water
|-
| GIF: Clock running continuously

Image: Fresh breast milk protected from spoiling because of infection-fighting factors in it

Image: Cow’s milk transition from fresh to spoilt

Image: 6 hours clock

Image: sunrays

Image: Mother is feeding expressed breastmilk safely throughout the day. Show clock.

|Fresh breast milk contains infection-fighting factors

Therefore, it can stay unspoilt longer than cow's milk

Germs do not start growing in fresh breast milk for at least 6 hours -
* even in a hot climate, and outside the fridge
|-
| Image: Fridge is not available

Image: Cool bag

Image: Cool box

Image: deep frozen ice packs

Image: 24 hours

|Another way to store breastmilk outside the fridge is -
* By using a cool bag or box with deep-frozen ice packs, changed every 24 hours
|-
| Image: Milk coming in direct contact with ice packs

Image: Milk is protected from ice packs

Image: Frozen breastmilk
|The milk must be protected from the ice packs or it may freeze
|-
| Image: Breastmilk is carried in a cool bag by mother.
|The cool bag can also be used to carry milk
|-
| GIF: 7 days

Image: Mother immediately freezes breastmilk after expressing it.
|If the breast milk is to be stored for longer than 7 days-
* Mother should freeze it as soon as possible after expressing
|-
|Image: Milk is frozen solid in the freezer of a fridge

Image: Single door fridge

Image: Solid milk

Image: 2 weeks
| Milk which is frozen solid in the freezer of a fridge will be good for 2 weeks
|-
|Image: Breastmilk is frozen solid in a separate freezer

Image: Double door fridge

Image: 3 to 6 months
| Milk stored in a separate freezer will be good for 3 to 6 months
|-
|Image: Frozen solid milk is defrosted in the fridge

Image: Milk solid to liquid

Image: 24 hours

|When this previously frozen breast milk is defrosted -
* by keeping it overnight on the lowest shelf of the fridge
** it should be used within 24 hours

|-
| Image: Frozen solid milk is defrosted outside the fridge
Image: Mother immediately uses the outside defrosted milk

|And when it is defrosted outside the fridge, it should be used within 2 hours

|-
|Image: Warming the expressed milk in warm water

Image: Mother is feeding expressed milk to the baby using a cup
|In other tutorials, we have explained-
* How to make stored breastmilk ready for the baby to drink
* And how to feed expressed milk to the baby
|-
| ‘’’Slide Number 2’’’
‘’’Acknowledgement Slide’’’
| This brings us to the end of this tutorial
Thank you for joining
|}

Health-and-Nutrition/C2/Storage-of-expressed-breastmilk/English

2019-07-30T09:17:50Z

Tasneemiitb:

{|border=1

| <center>Visual Cue</center>
|<center>Narration</center>

|-
|'''Slide Number 1'''
'''Title Slide'''
| Welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on Storage of expressed breastmilk.

|-
|Image: Breast milk in a labelled closed glass container
|In this tutorial, we will learn,
* How to store expressed breastmilk safely for later use
|-
| Image: Collage of benefits of hand expression
GIF: Hand expression of breastmilk
|Let us begin.
Expressing breastmilk has many benefits for the baby and the mother.

Expressing breastmilk by hand is explained in another tutorial in the same series.
|-
|Image: Expressed breastmilk is handled safely to maintain its high quality
Image: Security sign
|Expressed breastmilk must be handled and stored safely.
Doing so, will maintain its high quality for the baby.
|-
| Image: Mother is washing her hands.
Image: Mother is showing her dry and clean hands.
|Before handling breastmilk -
*Mother should wash her hands with soap and water and dry them properly
|-
| Image: Clean steel container with a lid.
Image: Clean glass container with a lid.
|To store breastmilk-
* Mother should use steel or glass wide-mouth containers that can be kept covered
|-
|Image: Clean steel container with a lid.
Image: Clean glass container with a lid.
Image: Glass container with milk
|Though steel containers are recommended, we will use glass containers in some of the pictures
This will help us to clearly see the milk inside the container
|-
| Image: Mother is washing a wide mouth cup with soap and water
|Next, the mother should wash the chosen containers in soap and water
|-
| Image: Cup is kept in boiling water
|After that, she should keep the containers in boiling water for at least 10 minutes
|-
| Image: Glass container is air-dried completely
Image: Mother is wiping the container
|Then, she should either
* air dry the containers completely
* Or wipe them dry with an unused clean cloth

The containers should never be dried with a used cloth such as a used kitchen cloth
|-
| Image: Mother pouring expressed breastmilk from the container she used to collect the breastmilk into the container for storage
|After the clean container is dried completely-
* She should pour the expressed milk into the containers
|-
|Image: 60 ml breastmilk stored in a container
Image: 90 ml breastmilk stored in a container
|Mother should store only enough milk for one feeding or about 60 to 90 ml milk in each container
|-
|Image: 1 inch space at the top of the container
Image: Frozen breastmilk is expanding and fills that 1 inch gap
|If the mother plans to freeze her breastmilk -
*She should leave an inch of space at the top of the container

Because breast milk expands as it freezes.
|-
| Image: Container is labelled with date and time
|She should label each container with the date and time of milk expression
|-
| Image: Breastmilk filled labelled container is stored in a fridge
|Then, she should store these breastmilk filled containers in the coldest possible place
|-
| Image: Breastmilk filled containers are stored in a fridge
Image: Fridge
|If she has a fridge, it is best to save the milk there
|-
| Image: Breastmilk filled containers are stored in the back of the lowest shelf of the fridge.

Image: Breastmilk filled containers are stored in the front side of the highest shelf of the fridge with a red crossmark.

Image: Thermometer showing less than 4 degree celsius.
| She should store the breastmilk in the back of the lowest shelf of the fridge
This is the coldest area of a fridge
Never store the breastmilk in the door of a fridge
|-
|Image: thermometer for temperature

Image: Clock for time

Image: Expressed breastmilk

|The lower the temperature of storage, the longer the storage time
|-
| Image: Breastmilk is stored up to 7 days in the fridge.

Image: 7 days

Image: Temperature of the fridge is between 2 and 8 degree Celsius.

|Breast milk can be stored for up to 7 days in a fridge under clean conditions
|-
| Image: Milk in the fridge is kept cold consistently

|It must be kept cold consistently
|-
| Image: Father is opening the door of the fridge frequently

GIF: Temperature is rising.
|Remember,
The more often the fridge door is opened, the more likely the temperature will rise
|-
| Image: Temperature of the fridge goes above 8 degree celsius

Image: Breastmilk is stored in the fridge

Image: Power cut

Image: Mother is using breastmilk within 6 hours

|If the fridge temperature rises during storage time due to a power cut or other reasons -
* then the mother should use the breastmilk within 6 hours
|-
| Image: Mother is throwing away the stored breastmilk

|If the breastmilk is not used within 6 hours, then she should throw it away
|-
| Image: Breastmilk filled labelled container is stored in a cold, dark place in the house.
|If the mother doesn’t have a fridge then -
* breast milk can be stored up to 6 hours in a safe, cold and dark place in the house
|-
| Image: Breastmilk filled container is kept near a water-filled earthen pot

Image: Breastmilk filled container is kept in a vessel filled with cold water
|If the room is hot, she can store the breastmilk -
* Near an earthen pot filled with cold water
* Or in a vessel filled with cold water
|-
| GIF: Clock running continuously

Image: Fresh breast milk protected from spoiling because of infection-fighting factors in it

Image: Cow’s milk transition from fresh to spoilt

Image: 6 hours clock

Image: sunrays

Image: Mother is feeding expressed breastmilk safely throughout the day. Show clock.

|Fresh breast milk contains infection-fighting factors

Therefore, it can stay unspoilt longer than cow's milk

Germs do not start growing in fresh breast milk for at least 6 hours -
* even in a hot climate, and outside the fridge
|-
| Image: Fridge is not available

Image: Cool bag

Image: Cool box

Image: deep frozen ice packs

Image: 24 hours

|Another way to store breastmilk outside the fridge is -
* By using a cool bag or box with deep-frozen ice packs, changed every 24 hours
|-
| Image: Milk coming in direct contact with ice packs

Image: Milk is protected from ice packs

Image: Frozen breastmilk
|The milk must be protected from the ice packs or it may freeze
|-
| Image: Breastmilk is carried in a cool bag by mother.
|The cool bag can also be used to carry milk
|-
| GIF: 7 days

Image: Mother immediately freezes breastmilk after expressing it.
|If the breast milk is to be stored for longer than 7 days-
* Mother should freeze it as soon as possible after expressing
|-
|Image: Milk is frozen solid in the freezer of a fridge

Image: Single door fridge

Image: Solid milk

Image: 2 weeks
| Milk which is frozen solid in the freezer of a fridge will be good for 2 weeks
|-
|Image: Breastmilk is frozen solid in a separate freezer

Image: Double door fridge

Image: 3 to 6 months
| Milk stored in a separate freezer will be good for 3 to 6 months
|-
|Image: Frozen solid milk is defrosted in the fridge

Image: Milk solid to liquid

Image: 24 hours

Image: Frozen solid milk is defrosted outside the fridge

Image: Mother immediately uses the outside defrosted milk
|When this previously frozen breast milk is defrosted -
* by keeping it overnight on the lowest shelf of the fridge
* it should be used within 24 hours
And when it is defrosted outside the fridge, it should be used within 2 hours
|-
|Image: Warming the expressed milk in warm water

Image: Mother is feeding expressed milk to the baby using a cup
|In other tutorials, we have explained-
* How to make stored breastmilk ready for the baby to drink
* And how to feed expressed milk to the baby
|-
| ‘’’Slide Number 2’’’
‘’’Acknowledgement Slide’’’
| This brings us to the end of this tutorial
Thank you for joining
|}

Health-and-Nutrition/C2/Storage-of-expressed-breastmilk/English

2019-07-29T11:45:55Z

{|border=1

| <center>Visual Cue</center>
|<center>Narration</center>

|-
|'''Slide Number 1'''
'''Title Slide'''
| Welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on Storage of expressed breastmilk.

|-
|Image: Breast milk in a labelled closed glass container
|In this tutorial, we will learn,
* How to store expressed breastmilk safely for later use
|-
| Image: Collage of benefits of hand expression
GIF: Hand expression of breastmilk
|Let us begin.
Expressing breastmilk has many benefits for the baby and the mother.

Expressing breastmilk by hand is explained in another tutorial in the same series.
|-
|Image: Expressed breastmilk is handled safely to maintain its high quality
Image: Security sign
|Expressed breastmilk must be handled and stored safely.
Doing so, will maintain its high quality for the baby.
|-
| Image: Mother is washing her hands.
Image: Mother is showing her dry and clean hands.
|Before handling breastmilk -
*Mother should wash her hands with soap and water and dry them properly
|-
| Image: Clean steel container with a lid.
Image: Clean glass container with a lid.
|To store breastmilk-
* Mother should use steel or glass wide-mouth containers that can be kept covered
|-
|Image: Clean steel container with a lid.
Image: Clean glass container with a lid.
Image: Glass container with milk
|Though steel containers are recommended, we will use glass containers in some of the pictures
This will help us to clearly see the milk inside the container
|-
| Image: Mother is washing a wide mouth cup with soap and water
|Next step is to wash the chosen containers in soap and water
|-
| Image: Cup is kept in boiling water
|After that, she should keep the containers in boiling water for at least 10 minutes
|-
| Image: Glass container is air-dried completely
Image: Mother is wiping the container
|Then, she should either
* air dry the containers completely
* Or wipe them dry with an unused clean cloth

The containers should never be dried with a used cloth such as a used kitchen cloth
|-
| Image: Mother pouring expressed breastmilk from the container she used to collect the breastmilk into the container for storage
|After the clean container is dried completely-
* She should pour the expressed milk into the containers
|-
|Image: 60 ml breastmilk stored in a container
Image: 90 ml breastmilk stored in a container
|Mother should store only enough milk for one feeding or about 60 to 90 ml milk in each container
|-
|Image: 1 inch space at the top of the container
Image: Frozen breastmilk is expanding and fills that 1 inch gap
|If the mother plans to freeze her breastmilk -
*She should leave an inch of space at the top of the container

Because breast milk expands as it freezes.
|-
| Image: Container is labelled with date and time
|She should label each container with the date and time of milk expression
|-
| Image: Breastmilk filled labelled container is stored in a fridge
|Then, she should store these breastmilk filled containers in the coldest possible place
|-
| Image: Breastmilk filled containers are stored in a fridge
Image: Fridge
|If she has a fridge, it is best to save the milk there
|-
| Image: Breastmilk filled containers are stored in the back of the lowest shelf of the fridge.

Image: Breastmilk filled containers are stored in the front side of the highest shelf of the fridge with a red crossmark.

Image: Thermometer showing less than 4 degree celsius.
| She should store the breastmilk in the back of the lowest shelf of the fridge
This is the coldest area of a fridge
Never store the breastmilk in the door of a fridge
|-
|Image: thermometer for temperature

Image: Clock for time

Image: Expressed breastmilk

|The lower the temperature of storage, the longer the storage time
|-
| Image: Breastmilk is stored up to 7 days in the fridge.

Image: 7 days

Image: Temperature of the fridge is between 2 and 8 degree Celsius.

|Breast milk can be stored for up to 7 days in a fridge under clean conditions
|-
| Image: Milk in the fridge is kept cold consistently

|It must be kept cold consistently
|-
| Image: Father is opening the door of the fridge frequently

GIF: Temperature is rising.
|Remember,
The more often the fridge door is opened, the more likely the temperature will rise
|-
| Image: Temperature of the fridge goes above 8 degree celsius

Image: Breastmilk is stored in the fridge

Image: Power cut

Image: Mother is using breastmilk within 6 hours

|If the fridge temperature rises during storage time due to a power cut or other reasons -
* then the mother should use the breastmilk within 6 hours
|-
| Image: Mother is throwing away the stored breastmilk

|If the breastmilk is not used within 6 hours, then she should throw it away
|-
| Image: Breastmilk filled labelled container is stored in a cold, dark place in the house.
|If the mother doesn’t have a fridge then -
* breast milk can be stored up to 6 hours in a safe, cold and dark place in the house
|-
| Image: Breastmilk filled container is kept near a water-filled earthen pot

Image: Breastmilk filled container is kept in a vessel filled with cold water
|If the room is hot, she can store the breastmilk -
* Near an earthen pot filled with cold water
* Or in a vessel filled with cold water
|-
| GIF: Clock running continuously

Image: Fresh breast milk protected from spoiling because of infection-fighting factors in it

Image: Cow’s milk transition from fresh to spoilt

Image: 6 hours clock

Image: sunrays

Image: Mother is feeding expressed breastmilk safely throughout the day. Show clock.

|Fresh breast milk contains infection-fighting factors

Therefore, it can stay unspoilt longer than cow's milk

Germs do not start growing in fresh breast milk for at least 6 hours -
* even in a hot climate, and outside the fridge
|-
| Image: Fridge is not available

Image: Cool bag

Image: Cool box

Image: deep frozen ice packs

Image: 24 hours

|Another way to store breastmilk outside the fridge is -
* By using a cool bag or box with deep-frozen ice packs, changed every 24 hours
|-
| Image: Milk coming in direct contact with ice packs

Image: Milk is protected from ice packs

Image: Frozen breastmilk
|The milk must be protected from the ice packs or it may freeze
|-
| Image: Breastmilk is carried in a cool bag by mother.
|The cool bag can also be used to carry milk
|-
| GIF: 7 days

Image: Mother immediately freezes breastmilk after expressing it.
|If the breast milk is to be stored for longer than 7 days-
* Mother should freeze it as soon as possible after expressing
|-
|Image: Milk is frozen solid in the freezer of a fridge

Image: Single door fridge

Image: Solid milk

Image: 2 weeks
| Milk which is frozen solid in the freezer of a fridge will be good for 2 weeks
|-
|Image: Breastmilk is frozen solid in a separate freezer

Image: Double door fridge

Image: 3 to 6 months
| Milk stored in a separate freezer will be good for 3 to 6 months
|-
|Image: Frozen solid milk is defrosted in the fridge

Image: Milk solid to liquid

Image: 24 hours

Image: Frozen solid milk is defrosted outside the fridge

Image: Mother immediately uses the outside defrosted milk
|When this previously frozen breast milk is defrosted -
* by keeping it overnight on the lowest shelf of the fridge
* it should be used within 24 hours
And when it is defrosted outside the fridge, it should be used within 2 hours
|-
|Image: Warming the expressed milk in warm water

Image: Mother is feeding expressed milk to the baby using a cup
|In other tutorials, we have explained-
* How to make stored breastmilk ready for the baby to drink
* And how to feed expressed milk to the baby
|-
| ‘’’Slide Number 2’’’
‘’’Acknowledgement Slide’’’
| This brings us to the end of this tutorial
Thank you for joining
|}

Health-and-Nutrition/C2/Hand-expression-of-breastmilk/English

2019-04-09T07:41:19Z

Tasneemiitb: Created page with " {|border=1 | <center>Visual Cue</center> |<center>Narration</center> |- |'''Slide Number 1''' '''Title Slide''' | Welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on hand expression of..."

{|border=1

| <center>Visual Cue</center>
|<center>Narration</center>

|-
|'''Slide Number 1'''
'''Title Slide'''
| Welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on hand expression of breastmilk.

|-
|Image: Woman feeding breastmilk to a baby from a cup

GIF: Mother expressing breastmilk with her hand.

Image: Multiple pictures of mother expressing breastmilk

|In this tutorial we will learn,

* Benefits of expressing breastmilk
* How to express breastmilk by hand and
* How often should a mother express breastmilk

|-
|Image: Mother is expressing her breastmilk by hand.

GIF: Mother expressing breastmilk

Image: Mother with engorged breasts.

|Breastmilk expression is useful to:

* Relieve breast engorgement;

|-
|Image: Dry, sore and cracked nipples.

Image: Sore and cracked nipple

|
* To treat nipple soreness and dry skin on the dark area around the nipple;

|-
|Image: Mother in pain

Image: sore nipple

|
* To feed a baby if mother’s sore nipple is extremely painful while latching

|-
| GIF: Mother’s breastmilk supply increasing

|
* To increase or maintain mother’s breastmilk supply;

|-
|Image: Working mother

|
* To keep breastmilk available for a baby when the mother goes out or to work;

|-
|
Image: Full breast

Image: Baby trying to attach to a full breast

|
* To help a baby to attach to a full breast by softening the dark area around the nipple;

|-
|
Image: Foremilk.

Image: Hindmilk.

Image: Mother breastfeeding from right breast

Image: Mother offering left breast to the baby.

Image: Empty breast and breast full of milk.

|
* To check whether the baby has fed from one breast completely before offering the other breast.

|-
|Image: Bowl of complementary food with water added to it.

Image: Bowl of complementary food with breastmilk added to it.

Image: More than sign. (>)

|
* To make nutritious complementary food for a baby by using breastmilk instead of water or cow’s milk

|-
|Image: Premature baby

Image: Sick baby

Image: Baby with hypotonia

Image: Baby with cleft lip

Image: Baby with cleft palate

Image: Baby is unable to latch deeply to the breast

|
* And to help in feeding milk to -
** Premature babies
** Sick babies
** Babies with poor muscle tone
** Babies with cleft lip and/or palate and
** Babies who have difficulty in latching deeply to the breast

|-
|GIF: Mother expressing breastmilk

|Now, let’s learn how to express breastmilk.

|-
|Image: Mother expressing breastmilk by hand

|The most recommended way for a mother to express breastmilk is by using her hand.

|-
|Image: Red nipple and areola after expressing breastmilk

|Because this method causes less discomfort to the dark area around the nipple.

|-
|Image: breast pump

|
* Also, this method needs no appliance.
* So the mother can do it anywhere and at any time.

|-
|Image: Mother is practising expression of breastmilk.

|Expressing breastmilk by hand is a learned skill and will improve with practice.

|-
| Image: Soft breasts.

|It is easy to hand express breast milk when the breasts are soft.

|-
|Image: 1st and 2nd day after delivery.

Image: Calendar

|Therefore, a mother should learn this skill on the first or second day after delivery.

|-
|
Image: Wide mouth steel container

Image: Wide mouth glass container

|Before expressing breastmilk,

Mother should have a steel or glass container ready to collect the expressed milk.

|-
| Image: Wide mouth cup

Image: Wide mouth glass

Image: Wide mouth jug

Image: Wide mouth jar

|She should choose a cup, glass, jug or jar with a wide mouth.

|-
|Image: Mother is washing a wide mouth cup with soap and water

|She should wash the chosen container in soap and water.

|-
|Image: Cup is kept in boiling water

Image: Mother is pouring boiling water in the container

Image: Clock showing 10 minutes

|After that, she should either -

* keep the container in boiling water or
* pour boiling water into the container and leave it for a few minutes.

|-
|Image: Cup is air-dried completely

|Then, she should either

* air dry the container completely
* Or wipe it dry with an unused clean cloth

The container should never be dried with a used cloth such as a used kitchen cloth.

|-
|Image: Inside of the breast showing breastmilk release from the tissues in the ducts

|After the clean container is dried completely, next step is to release breastmilk from the breast.

|-
|Image: Mother is relaxing with the baby

|To help her milk flow, the mother should feel relaxed and emotionally connected to her baby.

|-
|Image: Mother is sitting quietly and privately

Image: Mother is sitting with a supportive friend

|Mother can try the following:

* She can sit quietly and privately or with a supportive friend.

|-
|Image: Mother is sitting with other mothers.

|
* Some mothers can express easily in a group of other mothers who are also expressing breastmilk.

|-
|Image: Skin-to-skin contact between mother and child

|
* She can hold her baby on her lap with skin-to-skin contact.

|-
|Image: Mother is looking at the baby

Image: Mother is listening to the baby’s voice.

Image: Mother is listening to her baby’s voice on phone.

|
* Or she can look at her baby or hear her baby’s voice.

|-
|Image: Mother is looking at baby’s photograph

Image: Mother is smelling baby’s blanket and clothing

| Sometimes-

* even looking at a photograph of her baby or smelling her baby’s clothing helps.

|-
|Image: Mother is drinking a hot drink from a cup

Image: Tea

Image: coffee

Image: alcohol

|
* She can take a warm soothing drink.
* But, the drink should not be coffee, strong tea, alcohol or any stimulant.

|-
|Image: Mother is applying warm compress on breasts

Image: Mother is taking a warm water bath

|
* She can also warm her breasts to help her milk flow.
* To warm her breasts, she can-
** apply a cloth soaked in hot water to her breasts,
** or have a warm water bath.

|-
|Image: Mother is gently pulling or rolling her nipple and areola

|She can stimulate her nipples and the dark area around them by-

* gently pulling
* or rolling them with her fingers.

|-
|Image: Mother is massaging her breasts using circular movements

|She can massage her breasts lightly using circular movements.

|-
|Image: Helper is rubbing mother’s back

|Mother can ask a helper to rub her back.

|-
|Image: Mother is sitting. Helper is standing close to her.

Image: Mother is leaning forward. Helper is standing close to her.

Image: Mother has folded her arms on a table in front of her. Her head is on her arms.

|For the back rub, the mother should-

* sit down,
* lean forward,
* fold her arms on a table in front of her and
* rest her head on her arms.

|-
|Image: Mother’s breasts are unclothed and hanging loose

|Her breasts should be unclothed and hanging loose.

|-
|Image: Helper is rubbing down both sides of mother’s spine.

|The helper should rub down both sides of the mother's spine.

|-
|Image: Helper’s fist is closed with thumbs pointing forward.

|She should use her closed fist with her thumbs pointing forward.

|-
|GIF: Helper massaging mother’s back

|She should press firmly making small circular movements with her thumbs.

|-
|GIF: Helper is massaging mother’s back.

Image: 2-3 minutes clock

|She should work down both sides of the spine at the same time from the neck to the shoulder blades.

She should do this for two or three minutes.

|-
|Image: Oxytocin reflex

|All these steps will help in releasing the breastmilk.

This release of breastmilk is called '''Oxytocin reflex''' or '''let down reflex'''.

|-
|Image: Mother washing her hands.

Image: Mother showing her dry and clean hands.

|After the '''oxytocin reflex''' begins, the mother must wash and dry her hands thoroughly.

|-
|Image: Mother is sitting comfortably

|Then, the mother should sit comfortably.

|-
|Image: Mother is leaning forward slightly

|She should lean forward slightly.

|-
|Image: Mother is holding the container with her left hand near her right breast

|She should hold the container near her breast.

|-
|Image: Mother has placed her right thumb and fingers on her right breast in a C shape hold from the side.

Image: C shape hold

|Now, she should place her thumb and fingers on the breast in a C shape hold from the side.

|-
|Image: Mother is using left hand to hold her right breast in C shape hold.

Image: Mother is using her right hand to hold her left breast in C shape hold

Image: Mother switches from her right to her left for holding her right breast in C shape hold.

|
* She can use either hand for holding either breast.
* And she can switch to the other hand when the first one tires.

|-
|Image: Highlight mother’s right thumb on the upper part of the right breast

|While holding the breast, her thumb should be on the upper part of the breast.

|-
|Image: Highlight mother’s fingers on the lower part of the breast

|And her fingers should be placed opposite to the thumb on the lower part of the breast.

|-
|Image: Mother’s right thumb, nipple and fingers are in a straight line. Nipple is in the centre.

|Her thumb, nipple and fingers should always be in a straight line.

|-
|Image: Nipple is in the middle of the thumb and the index finger

|And the nipple should be in the middle of the thumb and the index finger.

|-
|Image: Distance of 2 fingers between the nipple and her thumb

Image: Distance of 2 fingers between nipple and mother’s fingers

|There should be a distance of 2 fingers between-

* the nipple and her thumb and
* the nipple and her fingers.

|-
|Image: Mother’s thumb and fingers very close to the nipple and pinching it. Very less milk is coming out.

|If the fingers are too close to the nipple, the milk may not flow for long.

|-
|Image: Mother’s thumb and fingers are at a distance of 2 fingers from the nipple.

Image: More milk is coming out from the milk ducts beneath the areola.

Image: Milk flowing inside the breast.

|Mother will release more milk when-

* she compresses the milk ducts beneath the dark area around the nipple.

|-
|Image: Mother is holding her right breast in a C shape hold with her right hand

|In this picture, the mother is holding her right breast correctly with her right hand.

|-
|Image: Mother is pressing the breast slightly inwards towards her chest wall by applying steady pressure.

|Now, she should -

Press the breast slightly inwards towards the chest wall by applying steady pressure.

|-
|Image: In that pressed position, without moving the hand, mother is gently compressing the breast between the thumb and fingers.

|Then, without moving the hand -

gently compress the breast between the thumb and the fingers.

|-
|Image: Mother releases the pressure on the breast and comes to the starting position.

|And then, release the pressure on the breast.

|-
|Image: All 3 steps together

GIF: Mother is expressing breastmilk in these 3 steps

|The mother should repeat these 3 steps-

* Press back
* Compress
* And release.

|-
|GIF: Mother is pressing the breast slightly inwards towards the chest wall

|The first step of pressing back towards the chest wall is an important step.

|-
|GIF: Mother is pressing towards the nipple and very little milk is released.

|Pressing only towards the nipple will give very little milk.

|-
|GIF: Correct expression technique and more milk is released.

|But when the breast is pressed back, milk from the dense breast tissue is released.

|-
|GIF: Mother is pressing too far back and too hard

Image: Blocked milk ducts

|But, avoid pressing too far back, because that can block the milk ducts.

|-
|GIF: Mother is expressing milk the right way but only a few drops come out.

|When the mother starts expressing breastmilk by hand, very few drops of milk may come out at first.

|-
|Image: Let down reflex

Image: Mother is still expressing breast milk and milk is dripping out.

| As the '''let down reflex''' starts, milk starts to drip out.

|-
|GIF: Mother is expressing breastmilk and milk is dripping out slowly

GIF: Mother is expressing milk and milk flows in streams

Image: Mother’s confidence increases when she breastfeeds for a long time.

Image: Mother’s confident increases when she expresses breastmilk for a few days.

|
* In the first few attempts, it is common for the milk to drip out or come slowly.
* Later, breastmilk may flow in streams.
* As with breastfeeding, expressing breastmilk is a skill that comes with practice.

|-
|Image: Few drops of colostrum coming out of mother’s breast when she is expressing breastmilk

Image: Colostrum protects the baby from diseases

|
* '''Colostrum''', the first milk after birth, may only come in drops but is enough for the newborn.
* The thick, often yellow milk, has enormous protective benefits for the baby.

|-
|Image: Step 1 of hand expression. Mother is pushing her breast back towards the chest.

Image: Step 2 of hand expression. Mother is pressing the breast.

Image: Step 3 of hand expression. Mother has released the pressure.

Image: Breastmilk flows in a drip

|The mother should repeat the 3 steps until the flow of milk slows down to a drip again.

|-
|Image: Mother is holding the breast in U shape hold

|Then, she should reposition her fingers to express milk from other parts of the breast.

|-
|Image: Mother checking the breast for fullness and compressing.

|She can feel for where the breast seems fuller, and compress those areas.

|-
|Image: Clock 3-5 minutes

Image: Milk flow slows down

|She should express milk from one breast for at least 3 to 5 minutes until the milk flow slows down.

|-
|Image: Mother is expressing milk from the other breast

|Then, she should express milk from the other breast in the same way from all the areas.

|-
|Image: Mother is expressing milk from both breasts again
|And then again express milk from both breasts a second time.

|-
|Image: clock showing 20-30 minutes

Image: clock showing 45 mins

Image: Expression in first few days

Image: 5-10 minutes clock

|
* Expressing breastmilk from both breasts adequately takes 20 to 30 minutes.
* It may take more time, especially in the first few days
* As in those days, only a little milk may be produced.
* It is important not to try to express in a shorter time.

|-
|Image: Mother is feeling the pain while expressing milk

Image: Cross mark

|Remember,

* Expressing breastmilk by hand should not hurt.
* If it hurts, the technique is wrong.

|-
|Image: Breast tissue

Image: Mother is rubbing fingers towards nipple.

Image: Sliding

Image: Pulling

Image: Breast soreness

|
* Breast tissue is delicate.
* Avoid rubbing, sliding or pulling the fingers along the skin, towards the nipple.
* This can cause breast soreness.

|-
|Image: Tightening or stretching the skin over areola

|Avoid tightening or stretching the skin over the dark area around the nipple.

|-
|Image: Pulling the nipple

Image: Less milk comes out when mother presses the nipple

Image: Baby is nipple-feeding

|
* Also, avoid squeezing or pulling the nipple.
* Pressing or pulling the nipple cannot express enough milk.
* It is the same as the baby sucking only the nipple.

|-
|Image: Container covered with cloth

Image: Container covered with plate

|After expressing breastmilk, the mother should cover the container with a clean cloth or plate.

|-
|Image: Container is stored safely in fridge

Image: Container is stored safely in the room

|Then, she should store her breastmilk safely for later use.

Safe storage of breastmilk and feeding stored breastmilk to the baby are explained in another tutorial.

|-
|Image: Mother expressing breastmilk multiple times in a day

Image: Initiating and maintaining breastmilk production

Image: Milk supply in a container

Image: Low birth weight baby

Image: Sick newborn baby

Image: Mother is expressing breastmilk within 6 hours after delivery

|Let’s now discuss how often a mother should express milk.

If the purpose is to initiate and maintain breastmilk production

Or to feed a low birth weight baby or sick newborn baby, then-

* She should express milk as soon as possible after delivery.

|-
|Image: Mother is expressing few drops of colostrum

Image: Breastmilk production begins

Image: Baby breastfeeding in the delivery room in laid back hold.

|
* She may only express a few drops of '''colostrum''' at first.
* This helps breastmilk production to begin
* It acts similar to a baby suckling soon after delivery.

|-
|Image: Mother is expressing breastmilk as often as baby breastfeeds

Image: Mother is expressing breastmilk every 3 hours for 24 hours

Image: Mother is expressing breastmilk after 3 hours. Breastmilk output is low.

|
* The mother should express as much as she can
* And as often as her baby would breastfeed.
* This should be at least every 2 to 3 hours, including during the night.
* If there are long intervals between expressions, she may not be able to produce enough milk.

|-
|Image: Mother’s milk supply is increasing from 350ml to 850ml. Mother is happy.

Image: Mother’s milk supply is low 350ml. She is sad.

Image: Mother is breastfeeding the baby every 1-2 hours.

Image: Immediately after breastfeeding, mother is expressing breastmilk.

Image: Baby is sleeping for more than 3 hours.

Image: Mother is expressing milk between 2 breastfeeding sessions.

|Next, if the purpose is to build up mother’s milk supply -

And if it seems to be decreasing after a few weeks:

* She should express breastmilk every 1 to 2 hours immediately after breastfeeding the baby and
* If the baby is expected to sleep for more than 3 hours, then she can express in between feeds.

|-
|Image: Breast engorgement

Image: Leaking of breastmilk at work

Image: Mother expressing breastmilk

Image: Mother gets relief from breast engorgement

Image: Leaking of breastmilk at work stops

|If the purpose is to relieve symptoms such as engorgement, or leaking of breastmilk at work:

* The mother should express only as much as is necessary.

|-
|Image: Mother is expressing a small drop of breastmilk.

Image: Mother is rubbing the small drop of breastmilk on her nipple.

Image: Mother is bathing.

Image: Mother is breastfeeding.

|If the purpose is to keep nipple skin healthy:

* The mother should express a small drop of breastmilk to rub on her nipple.
* She should do this after a bath and after breastfeeding.

|-
|Image: Mother is working

Image: Father is feeding milk to the baby from a small cup

Image: Mother is expressing milk at work

Image: Mother is expressing milk at home

Image: Mother gives the expressed milk to father who is holding the baby

|If the purpose is to keep milk for her baby while the mother is out at work:

* The mother should express milk while at work to help keep up the supply.
* And the mother should express breastmilk before going to work
** and leave it for the carer to give to the baby.

|-
|Image: Refrigerator

Image: Expressed breastmilk stored in fridge

Image: Mother is expressing breastmilk after feeding the baby

Image: 60-90 ml expressed breastmilk

Image: Father is adding more milk than 90 ml to the container for feeding the baby

Image: Mother is at work

|For doing this -

* Mother can plan few weeks ahead if she has a fridge.
* She can express extra milk and store it for later use.
* Mother can express even after the baby has breastfed.
* Mother should leave about 60 to 90 milliliters of milk for each feed
* More breastmilk can be given as per baby’s need while mother is away.

|-
|Image: Mother is expressing breastmilk more often

Image: Mother is comfortable while expressing

Image: Milk is flowing from the tissues to the milk ducts beneath areola

Image: Mother is producing more milk 750 ml

|Remember,

* The more frequent hand expression is used-
** the easier it becomes to express milk,
** the faster the milk releases
** And the more milk mother will make.

|-
|'''Slide Number 2'''

'''Acknowledgement'''

|This brings us to the end of this tutorial.

Thank you for joining.

|}

Health-and-Nutrition/C2/Cradle-Hold-for-Breastfeeding/English-timed

2019-02-15T05:29:41Z

Tasneemiitb: Created page with "{|border=1 |<center>Time</center> |<center>Narration</center> |- |00:01 |Welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on '''Cradle''' hold for breastfeeding. |- |00:06 |In this tut..."

{|border=1

|<center>Time</center>
|<center>Narration</center>

|-
|00:01
|Welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on '''Cradle''' hold for breastfeeding.

|-
|00:06
|In this tutorial we will learn about-

|-
|00:09
|Choosing the correct breastfeeding hold for a mother and her baby

|-
|00:15
|Mother’s preparation before breastfeeding and

|-
|00:18
|How to do the '''Cradle hold.'''

|-
|00:22
|Let us begin.
Across the world, mothers breastfeed their babies using various types of holds.
As discussed in an earlier tutorial -
The best breastfeeding hold for a mother and her baby is the one in which -

|-
|00:39
|both mother and baby are comfortable for the entire duration of breastfeeding

|-
|00:45
|The baby is able to attach deeply to the mother’s breast

|-
|00:50
|And get sufficient milk.

|-
|00:54
|Let us learn about one of the holds called '''Cradle''' hold.

|-
|00:59
|Before feeding her baby, the mother must wash her hands with soap and water.

|-
|01:05

|And dry her hands properly.

|-
|01:10
|Then she should drink a glass of boiled and cooled water.

|-
|01:15
|Lactating mothers produce 750 to 850 millilitres of milk per day on an average.

|-
|01:22
|Therefore, they need to increase their daily water intake.

|-
|01:27
|Next, let’s discuss the position of the mother.

|-
|01:31
|Mother should sit on the floor or on the bed in cross legged position.

|-
|01:36
|Or on a chair with her feet flat on the ground.

|-
|01:41
|If the chair is too high and her feet do not reach the floor then-

|-
|01:47
|she can rest her feet flat on a small stool or pillows kept on the floor.

|-
|01:53
|While sitting, she should ensure that -

* Her back is straight so as to avoid back pain

|-
|02:00
|Her shoulders are relaxed and not elevated or curved

|-
|02:05
|And this relaxed position is maintained throughout the breastfeeding session.

|-
|02:12
|Now, the mother should uncover the breast from which she wants to feed the baby.

|-
|02:18
|She should ensure not to put pressure of her bra or blouse on the breast.

|-
|02:25
|After sitting comfortably, bring the baby to the mother.

|-
|02:29
|Mother should hold her baby with the arm on the same side of the breast that she will feed from.

|-
|02:37
|Baby’s head should rest comfortably in the inner bend of the elbow of that arm.

|-
|02:44
|With the same arm, mother should support the head, neck and torso of her baby.

|-
|02:51
|The mother in this picture, will feed the baby from her right breast.

|-
|02:56
|Therefore, she is using her right arm to support the baby’s head, neck and torso and

|-
|03:04
|The baby’s head is resting in the inner bend of her right elbow.

|-
|03:10
|If the mother wants additional support to lift the baby, she can keep a pillow under the baby on her lap.

|-
|03:19
|Remember, the mother should never bring the breast to the baby by bending her back.

|-
|03:25
|This will make her uncomfortable and cause back pain.

|-
|03:30
|She should always keep her back straight and lift the baby to reach her breast.

|-
|03:36
|Next, let us learn how to position baby’s body correctly.

|-
|03:42
|The baby’s stomach should be gently pressed by the mother’s body.

|-
|03:47
|Lesser distance between their bodies will reduce the baby’s effort to reach the breast.

|-
|03:54
|And it will become easier for the baby to attach deeply.

|-
|04:00
|Then, the second important point is the direction in which the baby’s entire body is held.

|-
|04:08
|You may have noticed that -
When we eat food, our head, neck and body are always in the same direction.

|-
|04:16
|But, while breastfeeding, the baby’s head is often turned sideways by many mothers.

|-
|04:23
|This will make feeding uncomfortable for the baby.

|-
|04:28
|Baby’s head, neck and body should always be in the same direction while breastfeeding.

|-
|04:35
|This will make swallowing milk easier for the baby.

|-
|04:41
|Now we come to the third point in positioning the baby’s body.

|-
|04:46
|The mother should support the head, neck and torso of her baby.

|-
|04:51
|Otherwise the baby will have to take a lot of effort to attach deeply to the breast.

|-
|04:58
|Next, let’s look at the position of the baby’s nose and chin.

|-
|05:03
|Baby’s nose should be in line with the nipple.

|-
|05:07
|And her chin should be forward and very close to the breast.

|-
|05:13
|This will ensure that the baby takes in more of the lower part of the '''areola''' while latching.

|-
|05:19
|and therefore, will use the lower jaw to drink more milk efficiently.

|-
|05:26
|Please note - '''Areola''' is the dark area around the nipple.

|-
|05:32
|Now that the baby is positioned correctly,

|-
|05:35
|Let us learn, how to hold the breast.

|-
|05:39
|Using the fingers of the hand that is free, the mother should cup her breast in a U shape hold from the top.

|-
|05:48
|The mother in this picture will use her left hand to hold her right breast.

|-
|05:55
|To understand the correct position of thumb and fingers, imagine the nipple to be the center of a clock on the mother’s right breast.

|-
|06:04
|Mother should place her left thumb at 3’O clock position on this clock.

|-
|06:10
|While her left index finger and middle finger should be placed at 9’O clock position.

|-
|06:18
|Mother’s fingers, holding the breast, should always be in the direction of the baby’s lips.

|-
|06:25
|Why?
Let’s understand this using a simple example.

|-
|06:30
|When we eat a vada pav or burger, our lips open horizontally.

|-
|06:35
|We hold the vada pav or burger horizontally to take a big bite.

|-
|06:40
|Here, the thumb and fingers are placed in the direction of the lips.

|-
|06:46
|If we hold the vada pav or burger vertically, we won’t be able to take a big bite.

|-
|06:53
|Similarly, observe the direction of baby’s lips.
The lips are vertical here.

|-
|07:00
|Therefore, the fingers and thumb should also be placed vertically on the breast.

|-
|07:06
|This will help the baby to take a big part of the lower '''areola''' in her mouth.

|-
|07:13
|In addition to being in the direction of the baby’s lips, mother’s thumb and fingers should always be at a distance of 3 fingers from the nipple.

|-
|07:23
| Again, while eating a vada pav or burger,
If we hold it too close, our fingers will block our mouth from taking a big bite.

|-
|07:34
|If we hold it too far away, it will not be shaped correctly to fit in our mouth.

|-
|07:41
|Therefore, we hold it at the right distance to take a big bite.

|-
|07:47
|Similarly for the baby, the right distance is of 3 fingers from the nipple, as shown in this picture.

|-
|07:55
|This distance will ensure that-
Mother’s fingers do not block the baby from taking a big part of the '''areola''' in her mouth

|-
|08:05
|Mother does not compress only the nipple which will give very little milk

|-
|08:11
|Mother compresses the larger milk ducts beneath the '''areola''' to express more milk out

|-
|08:17
|And the breast is shaped correctly to help the baby attach deeply.

|-
|08:23
|Remember-

Mother’s thumb should be on the side of the breast where the baby’s chin is present.

|-
|08:30
|And her 2 fingers should be on the side of the breast where baby’s nose is present.

|-
|08:36
|Let’s go back to the example of vada pav or burger.

|-
|08:41
|After holding the vada pav or burger correctly, we always press it to take a big bite.

|-
|08:48
|Similarly, the mother should lightly press her breast in a U shape hold from the top.

|-
|08:54
|This will help the baby to take a big part of the lower '''areola''' in her mouth.

|-
|09:01
|But remember, mother should not press her breast in an inverted V shape hold.

|-
|09:07
|V shape compression will pinch the breast and cause nipple feeding.

|-
|09:14
|Also make sure that there is equal compression of the breast with the thumb and the fingers.

|-
|09:21
|Otherwise, the nipple will shift either to the right or the left side.

|-
|09:27
|And the baby will not be able to attach deeply to the breast.

|-
|09:32
|Remember,
Never bring the breast to the baby by pushing it sideways towards the baby.

|-
|09:39
|Always bring the baby towards the breast.

|-
|09:43
|Now, the baby is in '''Cradle''' hold and ready to attach to the breast for breastfeeding.

|-
|09:49
|Correct attachment of the baby to the breast is explained in another tutorial in the same series.

|-
|09:58
|As soon as the baby is attached deeply to the breast and if the breast is not too heavy then-

|-
|10:05
|mother should release her breast from her hand

|-
|10:09
|and bring that hand underneath the baby for support.

|-
|10:14
|In this position, mother should bring both her arms very close to her body.

|-
|10:21
|This will keep her comfortable during breastfeeding.

|-
|10:26
|This brings us to the end of this tutorial.

|-
|10:29
|Thank you for joining.

|}

Health-and-Nutrition/C2/Cradle-Hold-for-Breastfeeding/English

2019-02-05T06:18:56Z

Tasneemiitb:

{|border=1

| <center>Visual Cue</center>
|<center>Narration</center>

|-
|'''Slide Number 1'''
Title Slide
| Welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on '''Cradle''' hold for breastfeeding.

|-
| Image: 5 common breastfeeding holds- cross cradle, football, cradle, laid back and side lying.

Image: Mother washing her hands.

Image: Cradle hold.

| In this tutorial we will learn about-

* Choosing the correct breastfeeding hold for a mother and her baby
* Mother’s preparation before breastfeeding and
* How to do the '''Cradle hold.'''

|-
| Image: Cradle hold.

| Let us begin.

|-
| Image: 5 common breastfeeding holds-cross cradle, football, cradle, laid back and side lying.

| Across the world, mothers breastfeed their babies using various types of holds.

|-
| Image: Mother and baby relaxed in cradle hold.

Image: Mother in Cradle hold with back bent forward, hand abducted and baby crying.

| As discussed in an earlier tutorial -

The best breastfeeding hold for a mother and her baby is the one in which-

* Both mother and baby are comfortable for the entire duration of breastfeeding

|-
| Image: Good attachment in cradle hold.

Image: Bad attachment in cradle hold.

|
* The baby is able to attach deeply to the mother’s breast

|-
| Image: Strong baby with right tick.

Image: Weak baby with a wrong tick.

|
* And get sufficient milk.

|-
| Image: Cradle hold

| Let us learn about one of the holds called '''Cradle''' hold.

|-
| Image: Mother washing her hands.

| Before feeding her baby, the mother must wash her hands with soap and water.

|-
| Image: Mother showing dry and clean hands.

| And dry her hands properly.

|-
|Image: Mother drinking a glass of water.

Image: Boiling water.

| Then she should drink a glass of boiled and cooled water.

|-
| Image: Breastmilk filling a 1 litre jug till 750 ml.

| Lactating mothers produce 750 to 850 ml of milk per day on an average.

Therefore, they need to increase their daily water intake.

|-
| Image: Mother sitting on floor without baby.

| Next, let’s discuss the position of the mother.

|-
| Image: Mother sitting on floor without baby.

| Mother should sit on the floor or on the bed in cross legged position.

|-
| Image: Mother sitting on chair with feet flat on the ground.

Image: Mother sitting on a chair with her feet not touching the floor.

|
* Or on a chair with her feet flat on the ground.

|-
| Image: Mother sitting on a chair with her feet not touching the floor.

Image: Mother sitting on a chair with her feet flat on a stool.

|
* If the chair is too high and her feet do not reach the floor then-
** she can rest her feet flat on a small stool or pillows kept on the floor.

|-
| Image: Mother sitting on the floor with her back straight.

Image: Mother sitting on the floor with her back curved and shoulders elevated.

Image: Mother sitting on the chair with her back straight.

Image: Mother sitting on a chair with her feet on a stool and back straight.

Image: Mother sitting on a chair with her back curved and shoulders elevated.

| While sitting, she should ensure that -

* Her back is straight so as to avoid back pain

|-
| Image: Mother sitting on the floor with her back straight.

Image: Mother sitting on the floor with her back curved and shoulders elevated.

Image: Mother sitting on the chair with her back straight.

Image: Mother sitting on a chair with her feet on a stool and back straight.

Image: Mother sitting on a chair with her back curved and shoulders elevated.

|
* Her shoulders are relaxed and not elevated or curved

|-
| Image: Mother sitting on the floor with her back straight.

Image: Mother sitting on the floor with her back curved and shoulders elevated.

Image: Mother breastfeeding in cradle position.

Image: Mother breastfeeding in wrong Cradle hold.

|
* And this relaxed position is maintained throughout the breastfeeding session.

|-
| Image: Mother completely removing the cloth covering the breast.

| Now, the mother should uncover the breast from which she wants to feed the baby.

|-
| Image: Mother has not removed her bra completely.

| She should ensure not to put pressure of her bra or blouse on the breast.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby with her right arm.

| After sitting comfortably, bring the baby to the mother.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby with her right arm.

| Mother should hold her baby and support with the arm.

with the arm on the same side of the breast that she will feed from.

|-
| Image: Baby’s head resting in the bend of mother’s right elbow.

| Baby’s head should rest comfortably in the inner bend of the elbow of that arm.

|-
| Image: Mother is supporting baby’s head, neck and torso with her right hand.

| With the same arm, mother should support the head, neck and torso of her baby.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby with her right arm. Baby’s head resting in the bend of the right elbow.

|
* The mother in this picture, will feed the baby from her right breast.
* Therefore, she is using her right arm to support the baby’s head, neck and torso and
* The baby’s head is resting in the inner bend of her right elbow.

|-
| Image: Mother has kept a pillow below the baby on her lap.

| If the mother wants additional support to lift the baby-

* she can keep a pillow under the baby on her lap.

|-
| Image: Mother bending her back to bring the breast to the baby.

|
* Remember, the mother should never bring the breast to the baby by bending her back.

* This will make her uncomfortable and cause back pain.

|-
| Image: Mother keeping her back straight and bringing the baby to her breast.

| She should always keep her back straight and lift the baby to reach her breast.

|-
| Image: Mother holding baby in cradle position.

| Next, let us learn how to position baby’s body correctly.

* The baby’s stomach should be gently pressed on the mother’s body.

|-
| Image: Less distance between baby and breast.

|
* Lesser distance between their bodies will reduce the baby’s effort to reach the breast.

|-
| Image: Deep attachment in Cradle hold.

| And it will become easier for the baby to attach deeply.

|-
| Image: Mother holding baby in Cradle hold.

| Then, the second important point is the direction in which the baby’s entire body is held.

|-
| Image: Adult eating food with head-neck-body in straight line.

| You may have noticed that -

When we eat food, our head, neck and body are always in the same direction.

|-
| Image: Baby’s head neck body not aligned.

|
* But, while breastfeeding, the baby’s head is often turned sideways by many mothers.

* This will make feeding uncomfortable for the baby.

|-
| Image: Baby’s neck-head-body aligned.

|
* Baby’s head, neck and body should always be in the same direction while breastfeeding.

|-
| Image: gif of baby swallowing milk.

| This will make swallowing milk easier for the baby.

|-
| Image: Mother supporting baby’s full body.

| Now we come to the third point in positioning the baby’s body.

The mother should support the head, neck and torso of her baby.

|-
| Image: Mother not supporting the entire body, baby being pulled down.

| Otherwise the baby will have to take a lot of effort to attach deeply to the breast.

|-
| Image: Baby’s nose is in line with the nipple.

Image: Strong baby.

Image: Baby’s nose is not in line with the nipple.

Image: Weak baby.

| Next, let’s look at the position of the baby’s nose and chin.

* Baby’s nose should be in line with the nipple.
* And her chin should be forward and very close to the breast.
* This will ensure that the baby takes in more of the lower part of the '''areola''' while latching.
* And therefore, will use the lower jaw to drink more milk efficiently.

|-
| Image: Breast.

| Please note-

* '''Areola''' is the dark area around the nipple.

|-
| Image: Correct Cradle hold.

| Now that the baby is positioned correctly,

|-
| Image: Mother holding her breast with her right hand in a U shape hold from above.

Image: U shape hold from above.

| Let us learn, how to hold the breast.

* Using the fingers of the hand that is free,
** the mother should cup her breast in a U shape hold from the top.
* The mother in this picture will use her left hand to hold her right breast.

|-
| Image: Clock drawn on the breast with U shape hold.

| To understand the correct position of thumb and fingers,

* Imagine the nipple to be the center of a clock on the mother’s right breast.
* Mother should place her left thumb at 3’O clock position on this clock.
* While her left index finger and middle finger should be placed at 9’O clock position.

|-
| Image: Baby’s lips and U shape hold are both vertical.

|
* Mother’s fingers, holding the breast, should always be in the direction of the baby’s lips.

|-
| Image: Adult holding vada pav or burger horizontally.

Image: Adult’s lips and fingers holding vada pav or burger are both horizontal.

Image: Adult taking a big bite of vada pav or burger while holding it horizontally.

| Why?

Let’s understand this using a simple example.

* When we eat a vada pav or burger, our lips open horizontally.
* We hold the vada pav or burger horizontally to take a big bite.
* Here, the thumb and fingers are placed in the direction of the lips.

|-
| Image: Adult holding vada pav or burger vertically.

Image: Adult’s lips shown perpendicular to adult’s fingers holding vada pav or burger vertically.

Image: Adult trying to eat vada pav or burger while holding it vertically.

|
* If we hold the vada pav or burger vertically, we won’t be able to take a big bite.

|-
| Image: Baby’s lips and mother’s fingers in U shape hold shown parallel to each other.

Image: Good attachment in Cradle hold.

|
* Similarly, observe the direction of baby’s lips.
* The lips are vertical here.
* Therefore, the fingers and thumb should also be placed vertically on the breast.
* This will help the baby to take a big part of the lower '''areola''' in her mouth.

|-
| Image: Mother’s fingers holding the breast in U shape hold at a distance of 3 fingers from the nipple.

Image: Deep attachment in Cradle hold

|
* In addition to being in the direction of the baby’s lips,
** mother’s thumb and fingers should always be at a distance of 3 fingers from the nipple.

|-
| Image: Adult trying to eat vada pav or burger while holding it too close to the edge.

| Again, while eating a vada pav or burger,

* If we hold it too close, our fingers will block our mouth from taking a big bite.

|-
| Image: Adult trying to eat vada pav or burger while holding it far away from the edge.

|
* If we hold it too far away, it will not be shaped correctly to fit in our mouth.

|-
| Image: Holding vada pav or burger at the right distance.

|
* Therefore, we hold it at the right distance to take a big bite.

|-
| Image: Mother’s fingers holding the breast in U shape hold at a distance of 3 fingers from the nipple.

|
* Similarly for the baby,
** the right distance is of 3 fingers from the nipple, as shown in this picture.

* This distance will ensure that-

|-
| Image: Mother’s fingers holding breast in U shape at a distance of 1 finger from the nipple.

Image: Bad attachment in Cradle hold.

|
*
** mother’s fingers do not block the baby from taking a big part of the '''areola''' in her mouth

|-
| Image: mother pressing only the nipple and drops of milk coming out.

|
*
** Mother does not compress only the nipple which will give very little milk

|-
| Image: Mother compressing the breast at a distance of 3 fingers and more milk coming out.

|
*
** Mother compresses the larger milk ducts beneath the '''areola''' to express more milk out

|-
| Image: Mother’s holding breast 5 fingers away from the nipple.

Image: Bad attachment in Cradle hold.

Image: Mother’s fingers holding the breast in a U shape hold at a distance of 3 fingers from the nipple.

Image: Good attachment in Cradle hold.

|
*
** And the breast is shaped correctly to help the baby attach deeply.

|-
| Image: Mother’s thumb on the side of the breast where the baby’s chin is present.

| Remember-

* Mother’s thumb should be on the side of the breast where the baby’s chin is present.

|-
| Image: Mother’s 2 fingers on the side of the breast where baby’s nose is present.

|
* And her 2 fingers should be on the side of the breast where baby’s nose is present.

|-
| Image: Uncompressed vada pav or burger.

Image: Compressed vada pav or burger.

|
* Let’s go back to the example of vada pav or burger.
* After holding the vada pav or burger correctly, we always press it to take a big bite.

|-
| Image: Compression of breast in U shape hold from above.

Image: Good attachment in Cradle hold.

|
* Similarly, the mother should lightly press her breast in a U shape hold from the top.

* This will help the baby to take a big part of the lower '''areola''' in her mouth.

|-
| Image: Compression of breast in an inverted V shape hold.

Image: Nipple feeding in cradle position.

|
* But remember,
** Mother should not press her breast in an inverted V shape hold.
** V shape compression will pinch the breast and cause nipple feeding.

|-
| Image: Equal compression of breast.

Image: Unequal compression of breast towards right side.

Image: Unequal compression of breast towards left side.

Image: Poor attachment in cradle hold.

|
* Also make sure that there is equal compression of the breast with the thumb and the fingers.

* Otherwise, the nipple will shift either to the right or the left side.

* And the baby will not be able to attach deeply to the breast.

|-
| Image: Mother pushing her breast inside towards baby.

Image: Mother bringing the baby towards her breast.

| Remember,

* Never bring the breast to the baby by pushing it sideways towards the baby.
* Always bring the baby towards the breast.

|-
| Image: Cradle hold

|
* Now, the baby is in '''Cradle''' hold and ready to attach to the breast for breastfeeding.

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby in Cradle hold.

Image: Baby attached only to the nipple in Cradle hold.

|
* Correct attachment of the baby to the breast is explained in another video in the same series.

|-
|Image: Cradle hold.

Image: Cradle hold with mother’s both arms holding the baby.

| As soon as the baby is attached deeply to the breast and if the breast is not too heavy then-

* mother should release her breast from her hand and
* bring that hand underneath the baby for support.

|-
|Image: Cradle hold with mother’s both arms holding the baby

| In this position, mother should bring both her arms very close to her body.

This will keep her comfortable during breastfeeding.

This brings us to the end of this tutorial.

|-
| '''Slide Number 2'''

Acknowledgement

| Thank you for joining.

|}

Health-and-Nutrition/C2/Cradle-Hold-for-Breastfeeding/English

2019-02-05T06:14:54Z

{|border=1

| <center>Visual Cue</center>
|<center>Narration</center>

|-
|'''Slide Number 1'''
'''Title Slide'''
| Welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on '''Cradle''' hold for breastfeeding.

|-
| Image: 5 common breastfeeding holds-cross cradle, football, cradle, laid back and side lying.

Image: Mother washing her hands.

Image: Cradle hold.

| In this tutorial we will learn about-

* Choosing the correct breastfeeding hold for a mother and her baby
* Mother’s preparation before breastfeeding and
* How to do the '''Cradle hold.'''

|-
| Image: Cradle hold.

| Let us begin.

|-
| Image: 5 common breastfeeding holds-cross cradle, football, cradle, laid back and side lying.

| Across the world, mothers breastfeed their babies using various types of holds.

|-
| Image: Mother and baby relaxed in cradle hold.

Image: Mother in Cradle hold with back bent forward, hand abducted and baby crying.

| As discussed in an earlier tutorial -

The best breastfeeding hold for a mother and her baby is the one in which-

* Both mother and baby are comfortable for the entire duration of breastfeeding

|-
| Image: Good attachment in cradle hold.

Image: Bad attachment in cradle hold.

|
* The baby is able to attach deeply to the mother’s breast

|-
| Image: Strong baby with right tick.

Image: Weak baby with a wrong tick.

|
* And get sufficient milk.

|-
| Image: Cradle hold

| Let us learn about one of the holds called Cradle hold.

|-
| Image: Mother washing her hands.

| Before feeding her baby, the mother must wash her hands with soap and water.

|-
| Image: Mother showing dry and clean hands.

| And dry her hands properly.

|-
|Image: Mother drinking a glass of water.

Image: Boiling water.

| Then she should drink a glass of boiled and cooled water.

|-
| Image: Breastmilk filling a 1 litre jug till 750 ml.

| Lactating mothers produce 750 to 850 ml of milk per day on an average.

Therefore, they need to increase their daily water intake.

|-
| Image: Mother sitting on floor without baby.

| Next, let’s discuss the position of the mother.

|-
| Image: Mother sitting on floor without baby.

| Mother should sit on the floor or on the bed in cross legged position.

|-
| Image: Mother sitting on chair with feet flat on the ground.

Image: Mother sitting on a chair with her feet not touching the floor.

|
* Or on a chair with her feet flat on the ground.

|-
| Image: Mother sitting on a chair with her feet not touching the floor.

Image: Mother sitting on a chair with her feet flat on a stool.

|
* If the chair is too high and her feet do not reach the floor then-
** she can rest her feet flat on a small stool or pillows kept on the floor.

|-
| Image: Mother sitting on the floor with her back straight.

Image: Mother sitting on the floor with her back curved and shoulders elevated.

Image: Mother sitting on the chair with her back straight.

Image: Mother sitting on a chair with her feet on a stool and back straight.

Image: Mother sitting on a chair with her back curved and shoulders elevated.

| While sitting, she should ensure that -

* Her back is straight so as to avoid back pain

|-
| Image: Mother sitting on the floor with her back straight.

Image: Mother sitting on the floor with her back curved and shoulders elevated.

Image: Mother sitting on the chair with her back straight.

Image: Mother sitting on a chair with her feet on a stool and back straight.

Image: Mother sitting on a chair with her back curved and shoulders elevated.

|
* Her shoulders are relaxed and not elevated or curved

|-
| Image: Mother sitting on the floor with her back straight.

Image: Mother sitting on the floor with her back curved and shoulders elevated.

Image: Mother breastfeeding in cradle position.

Image: Mother breastfeeding in wrong Cradle hold.

|
* And this relaxed position is maintained throughout the breastfeeding session.

|-
| Image: Mother completely removing the cloth covering the breast.

| Now, the mother should uncover the breast from which she wants to feed the baby.

|-
| Image: Mother has not removed her bra completely.

| She should ensure not to put pressure of her bra or blouse on the breast.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby with her right arm.

| After sitting comfortably, bring the baby to the mother.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby with her right arm.

| Mother should hold her baby and support with the arm.

with the arm on the same side of the breast that she will feed from.

|-
| Image: Baby’s head resting in the bend of mother’s right elbow.

| Baby’s head should rest comfortably in the inner bend of the elbow of that arm.

|-
| Image: Mother is supporting baby’s head, neck and torso with her right hand.

| With the same arm, mother should support the head, neck and torso of her baby.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby with her right arm. Baby’s head resting in the bend of the right elbow.

|
* The mother in this picture, will feed the baby from her right breast.
* Therefore, she is using her right arm to support the baby’s head, neck and torso and
* The baby’s head is resting in the inner bend of her right elbow.

|-
| Image: Mother has kept a pillow below the baby on her lap.

| If the mother wants additional support to lift the baby-

* she can keep a pillow under the baby on her lap.

|-
| Image: Mother bending her back to bring the breast to the baby.

|
* Remember, the mother should never bring the breast to the baby by bending her back.

* This will make her uncomfortable and cause back pain.

|-
| Image: Mother keeping her back straight and bringing the baby to her breast.

| She should always keep her back straight and lift the baby to reach her breast.

|-
| Image: Mother holding baby in cradle position.

| Next, let us learn how to position baby’s body correctly.

* The baby’s stomach should be gently pressed on the mother’s body.

|-
| Image: Less distance between baby and breast.

|
* Lesser distance between their bodies will reduce the baby’s effort to reach the breast.

|-
| Image: Deep attachment in Cradle hold.

| And it will become easier for the baby to attach deeply.

|-
| Image: Mother holding baby in Cradle hold.

| Then, the second important point is the direction in which the baby’s entire body is held.

|-
| Image: Adult eating food with head-neck-body in straight line.

| You may have noticed that -

When we eat food, our head, neck and body are always in the same direction.

|-
| Image: Baby’s head neck body not aligned.

|
* But, while breastfeeding, the baby’s head is often turned sideways by many mothers.

* This will make feeding uncomfortable for the baby.

|-
| Image: Baby’s neck-head-body aligned.

|
* Baby’s head, neck and body should always be in the same direction while breastfeeding.

|-
| Image: gif of baby swallowing milk.

| This will make swallowing milk easier for the baby.

|-
| Image: Mother supporting baby’s full body.

| Now we come to the third point in positioning the baby’s body.

The mother should support the head, neck and torso of her baby.

|-
| Image: Mother not supporting the entire body, baby being pulled down.

| Otherwise the baby will have to take a lot of effort to attach deeply to the breast.

|-
| Image: Baby’s nose is in line with the nipple.

Image: Strong baby.

Image: Baby’s nose is not in line with the nipple.

Image: Weak baby.

| Next, let’s look at the position of the baby’s nose and chin.

* Baby’s nose should be in line with the nipple.
* And her chin should be forward and very close to the breast.
* This will ensure that the baby takes in more of the lower part of the '''areola''' while latching.
* And therefore, will use the lower jaw to drink more milk efficiently.

|-
| Image: Breast.

| Please note-

* '''Areola''' is the dark area around the nipple.

|-
| Image: Correct Cradle hold.

| Now that the baby is positioned correctly,

|-
| Image: Mother holding her breast with her right hand in a U shape hold from above.

Image: U shape hold from above.

| Let us learn, how to hold the breast.

* Using the fingers of the hand that is free,
** the mother should cup her breast in a U shape hold from the top.
* The mother in this picture will use her left hand to hold her right breast.

|-
| Image: Clock drawn on the breast with U shape hold.

| To understand the correct position of thumb and fingers,

* Imagine the nipple to be the center of a clock on the mother’s right breast.
* Mother should place her left thumb at 3’O clock position on this clock.
* While her left index finger and middle finger should be placed at 9’O clock position.

|-
| Image: Baby’s lips and U shape hold are both vertical.

|
* Mother’s fingers, holding the breast, should always be in the direction of the baby’s lips.

|-
| Image: Adult holding vada pav or burger horizontally.

Image: Adult’s lips and fingers holding vada pav or burger are both horizontal.

Image: Adult taking a big bite of vada pav or burger while holding it horizontally.

| Why?

Let’s understand this using a simple example.

* When we eat a vada pav or burger, our lips open horizontally.
* We hold the vada pav or burger horizontally to take a big bite.
* Here, the thumb and fingers are placed in the direction of the lips.

|-
| Image: Adult holding vada pav or burger vertically.

Image: Adult’s lips shown perpendicular to adult’s fingers holding vada pav or burger vertically.

Image: Adult trying to eat vada pav or burger while holding it vertically.

|
* If we hold the vada pav or burger vertically, we won’t be able to take a big bite.

|-
| Image: Baby’s lips and mother’s fingers in U shape hold shown parallel to each other.

Image: Good attachment in Cradle hold.

|
* Similarly, observe the direction of baby’s lips.
* The lips are vertical here.
* Therefore, the fingers and thumb should also be placed vertically on the breast.
* This will help the baby to take a big part of the lower '''areola''' in her mouth.

|-
| Image: Mother’s fingers holding the breast in U shape hold at a distance of 3 fingers from the nipple.

Image: Deep attachment in Cradle hold

|
* In addition to being in the direction of the baby’s lips,
** mother’s thumb and fingers should always be at a distance of 3 fingers from the nipple.

|-
| Image: Adult trying to eat vada pav or burger while holding it too close to the edge.

| Again, while eating a vada pav or burger,

* If we hold it too close, our fingers will block our mouth from taking a big bite.

|-
| Image: Adult trying to eat vada pav or burger while holding it far away from the edge.

|
* If we hold it too far away, it will not be shaped correctly to fit in our mouth.

|-
| Image: Holding vada pav or burger at the right distance.

|
* Therefore, we hold it at the right distance to take a big bite.

|-
| Image: Mother’s fingers holding the breast in U shape hold at a distance of 3 fingers from the nipple.

|
* Similarly for the baby,
** the right distance is of 3 fingers from the nipple, as shown in this picture.

* This distance will ensure that-

|-
| Image: Mother’s fingers holding breast in U shape at a distance of 1 finger from the nipple.

Image: Bad attachment in Cradle hold.

|
*
** mother’s fingers do not block the baby from taking a big part of the '''areola''' in her mouth

|-
| Image: mother pressing only the nipple and drops of milk coming out.

|
*
** Mother does not compress only the nipple which will give very little milk

|-
| Image: Mother compressing the breast at a distance of 3 fingers and more milk coming out.

|
*
** Mother compresses the larger milk ducts beneath the '''areola''' to express more milk out

|-
| Image: Mother’s holding breast 5 fingers away from the nipple.

Image: Bad attachment in Cradle hold.

Image: Mother’s fingers holding the breast in a U shape hold at a distance of 3 fingers from the nipple.

Image: Good attachment in Cradle hold.

|
*
** And the breast is shaped correctly to help the baby attach deeply.

|-
| Image: Mother’s thumb on the side of the breast where the baby’s chin is present.

| Remember-

* Mother’s thumb should be on the side of the breast where the baby’s chin is present.

|-
| Image: Mother’s 2 fingers on the side of the breast where baby’s nose is present.

|
* And her 2 fingers should be on the side of the breast where baby’s nose is present.

|-
| Image: Uncompressed vada pav or burger.

Image: Compressed vada pav or burger.

|
* Let’s go back to the example of vada pav or burger.
* After holding the vada pav or burger correctly, we always press it to take a big bite.

|-
| Image: Compression of breast in U shape hold from above.

Image: Good attachment in Cradle hold.

|
* Similarly, the mother should lightly press her breast in a U shape hold from the top.

* This will help the baby to take a big part of the lower '''areola''' in her mouth.

|-
| Image: Compression of breast in an inverted V shape hold.

Image: Nipple feeding in cradle position.

|
* But remember,
** Mother should not press her breast in an inverted V shape hold.
** V shape compression will pinch the breast and cause nipple feeding.

|-
| Image: Equal compression of breast.

Image: Unequal compression of breast towards right side.

Image: Unequal compression of breast towards left side.

Image: Poor attachment in cradle hold.

|
* Also make sure that there is equal compression of the breast with the thumb and the fingers.

* Otherwise, the nipple will shift either to the right or the left side.

* And the baby will not be able to attach deeply to the breast.

|-
| Image: Mother pushing her breast inside towards baby.

Image: Mother bringing the baby towards her breast.

| Remember,

* Never bring the breast to the baby by pushing it sideways towards the baby.
* Always bring the baby towards the breast.

|-
| Image: Cradle hold

|
* Now, the baby is in Cradle hold and ready to attach to the breast for breastfeeding.

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby in Cradle hold.

Image: Baby attached only to the nipple in Cradle hold.

|
* Correct attachment of the baby to the breast is explained in another video in the same series.

|-
|Image: Cradle hold.

Image: Cradle hold with mother’s both arms holding the baby.

| As soon as the baby is attached deeply to the breast and if the breast is not too heavy then-

* mother should release her breast from her hand and
* bring that hand underneath the baby for support.

|-
|Image: Cradle hold with mother’s both arms holding the baby

| In this position, mother should bring both her arms very close to her body.

This will keep her comfortable during breastfeeding.

This brings us to the end of this tutorial.

|-
| Slide Number 2

Acknowledgement

| Thank you for joining.

|}

Health-and-Nutrition/C2/Side-lying-hold-for-breastfeeding/English

2018-12-26T09:16:59Z

Tasneemiitb: Created page with "{|border=1 |<center>Visual Cue</center> |<center>Narration</center> |- |'''Slide Number 1''' '''Title Slide''' | Welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on '''Side-Lying''' hol..."

{|border=1

|<center>Visual Cue</center>
|<center>Narration</center>

|-
|'''Slide Number 1'''
'''Title Slide'''
| Welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on '''Side-Lying''' hold for breastfeeding.

|-
| Image: 5 common breastfeeding holds-cross cradle, football, cradle, laid back and side lying.

Image: Mother washing her hands.

Image: Side-lying hold.

|In this tutorial we will learn,

* Choosing the correct breastfeeding hold for a mother and her baby
* Mother’s preparation before breastfeeding and
* How to do the '''side-lying''' hold.

|-
|Image: Side-lying hold

| Let us begin.

|-
| Image: 5 common breastfeeding holds-cross cradle, football, cradle, laid back and side lying.

| Across the world, mothers breastfeed their babies using various types of holds.

|-
| Image: Side-lying hold.

Image: Wrong side-lying hold.

Image: Crying baby.

| As discussed in an earlier tutorial,

* The best breastfeeding hold for a mother and her baby is the one in which-
** Both mother and baby are comfortable for the entire duration of breastfeeding

|-
| Image: Deep attachment in side-lying hold.

Image: Bad attachment in side-lying hold'''.'''

|
* The baby is able to attach deeply to the mother’s breast

|-
|Image: Strong baby with right tick.

Image: Weak baby with a wrong tick.

|
** And get sufficient milk.

|-
| Image: Side-lying hold

| Let us learn about a new hold called '''Side-lying''' hold.

|-
| Image: Mother is breastfeeding in side-lying hold at night time.

| This hold is recommended when -

* The mother is breastfeeding at night

|-
| Image: C-section delivery.

|
* Or when the mother has had a caesarean section delivery

|-
| Image: Tired mother

|
* Or when the mother is tired.

|-
|Image: Mother washing her hands.

|Before feeding her baby, the mother must wash her hands with soap and water.

|-
|Image: Mother showing dry and clean hands.

| And dry her hands properly.

|-
|Image: Mother drinking a glass of water.

Image: Boiling water.

Image: Cool water.

| Then she should drink a glass of boiled and cooled water.

|-
|Image: Breastmilk filling a 1 litre jug till 750 ml.

| Lactating mothers produce 750 to 850 ml of milk per day on an average.

Therefore, they need to increase their daily water intake.

|-
| Image: Mother completely removing cloth covering the breast.

| Next, mother should uncover the breast from which she wants to feed the baby.

|-
| Image: Mother has not removed bra completely.

| She should ensure not to put pressure of her bra or blouse on the breast.

|-
| Image: Mother is lying on her side without the baby

| Next, the mother should lie down comfortably on the side of the breast that she will feed from.

|-
| Image: Pillow under the mother’s head.

| She should keep a pillow under her head.

|-
| Image: Pillow between mother’s legs.

| And a pillow between her legs to avoid rolling over in her sleep.

|-
| Image: Mother lying on her right side.

|
* The mother in this picture, will be feeding her baby from her right breast.
* Therefore, she is lying on her right side.

|-
| Image: Mother lying on her right side with the baby.

| Next, let us learn how to position baby’s body correctly.

|-
| Image: Mother lying on her right side with the baby.

| Place the baby on her side such that her stomach is gently pressed by the mother’s body.

|-
| Image: Mother supporting her baby’s back with her right hand.

| The mother should support her baby's back with the hand on the side that she is lying on.

|-
| Image: Mother supporting her baby’s back with her right hand.

| The mother in this picture is supporting her baby’s back with her right hand.

|-
| Image: Mother has placed a pillow behind baby’s back to keep her close

| The mother can place a pillow behind her baby’s back to hold her close to her body.

|-
| Image: Baby near breast.

| Lesser distance between their bodies will reduce the baby’s effort to reach the breast

|-
| Image: Deep attachment in side-lying hold.

| And it will become easier for the baby to attach deeply to the breast.

|-
| Image: Mother bending her back to bring breast closer to baby’s mouth. Increased distance between the baby’s and mother’s tummy.

| Remember-

* The mother should never bring the breast to the baby by bending her back
* This will increase the distance between the baby’s stomach and mother’s body.

|-
| Image: Side- lying hold

|
* She should always keep her back straight and bring the baby to her breast.

|-
| Image: Side-lying hold.

| The second important point is the direction in which the baby’s entire body is held.

|-
| Image: Adult eating food with head-neck-body in straight line.

| You may have noticed that -

When we eat food, our head, neck and body are always in the same direction.

|-
| Image: baby’s body is facing upwards and head is turned sideways while breastfeeding in side-lying hold.

Image: Side lying hold.

|Similarly, baby’s head, neck and body should always be in the same direction while breastfeeding

|-
| GIF: Baby swallowing milk.

| This will make swallowing milk easier for the baby.

|-
| Image: Side-lying hold.

| Now, we come to the third point in positioning the baby’s body.

|-
| Image: Mother is supporting baby’s full body.

| Mother should support the baby’s back with her hand.

|-
| Image: Mother not supporting the entire body, baby is being pulled away.

| Otherwise, the baby will have to take a lot of effort to attach deeply to the breast.

|-
| Image: Baby’s nose is in line with the nipple.

Image: Baby is deeply attached in side lying hold.

Image: Strong baby.

Image: Baby’s nose is not in line with the nipple.

Image: Bad attachment in side lying.

Image: Weak baby

| Next, let’s look at the position of the baby’s nose and chin.

* Baby’s nose should be in line with the nipple.
* And her chin should be forward and very close to the breast.
* This will ensure that the baby takes in more of the lower part of the areola while latching.
* And therefore, will use the lower jaw to drink more milk efficiently.

|-
| Image: Areola.

| Please note-

* Areola is the dark area around the nipple.

|-
| Image: Side lying hold.

| Now that the baby is held correctly,

|-
| Image: Mother holding her breast with her left hand in a C shape hold from the side.

Image: C shape hold.

| let us learn how to hold the breast.

* Using the fingers of the hand that is free,
** the mother should cup her breast from the side in a C shape hold.
* The mother in this picture will use her left hand to hold her right breast.

|-
| Image: Baby’s lips and C shape hold are both horizontal.

| The fingers, holding the breast, should always be in the direction of the baby’s lips.

|-
| Image: Adult holding vada pav or burger horizontally.

Image: Adult’s lips and fingers holding vada pav or burger are both horizontal.

Image: Adult taking a big bite of vada pav or burger while holding it horizontally.

| Why?

Let’s understand this using a simple example.

* When we eat a vada pav or burger, our lips open horizontally.
* We hold the vada pav or burger horizontally to take a big bite.
* Here, the thumb and fingers are placed in the direction of the lips.

|-
| Image: Adult holding vada pav or burger vertically.

Image: Adult’s lips are perpendicular to adult’s fingers holding vada pav or burger vertically.

Image: Adult trying to eat vada pav or burger while holding it vertically.

|
* If we hold the vada pav or burger vertically, we won’t be able to take a big bite.

|-
| Image: Baby’s lips and mother’s fingers in C shape are both horizontal.

Image: Deep attachment in side lying hold

|
* Similarly, observe the direction of baby’s lips.
* The lips are horizontal here.
* Therefore, mother’s fingers and thumb should also be placed horizontally on the breast.
* This will help the baby to take a big part of the lower areola in her mouth.

|-
| Image: Mother’s fingers holding the breast in C shape at a distance of 3 fingers from the nipple.

Image: Deep attachment in side lying hold

|
* In addition to being in the direction of the baby’s lips,
** mother’s thumb and fingers should always be at a distance of 3 fingers from the nipple.

|-
| Image: Adult trying to eat vada pav or burger while holding it too close to the edge.

|
* Again, while eating a vada pav or burger,
** If we hold it too close, our fingers will block our mouth from taking a big bite.

|-
| Image: Adult trying to eat vada pav or burger while holding it far away from the edge.

|
* If we hold it too far away, it will not be shaped correctly to fit in our mouth.

|-
| Image: Holding vada pav or burger at the right distance.

|
* Therefore, we hold it at the right distance to take a big bite.

|-
| Image: Mother’s fingers holding the breast in C shape hold at a distance of 3 fingers from the nipple.

|
* Similarly for the baby, the right distance is of 3 fingers from the nipple, as shown in this picture.

* This distance will ensure that-

|-
| Image: Mother’s fingers holding breast in C shape at a distance of 1 finger from the nipple.

Image: Poor attachment in side lying hold.

|
*
** mother’s fingers do not block the baby from taking the lower '''areola''' in her mouth

|-
| Image: Mother is pressing only the nipple in C shape and drops of milk coming out.

|
*
** Mother does not compress only the nipple which will give very little milk

|-
| Image: Mother compressing the breast at a distance of 3 fingers and more milk coming out.

|
*
** Mother compresses the larger milk ducts beneath the '''areola''' to express more milk out

|-
| Image: Mother’s holding breast 5 fingers away from the nipple.

Image: Bad attachment in side lying hold.

Image: Mother’s fingers holding the breast in a C shape hold at a distance of 3 fingers from the nipple.

Image: Good attachment in side lying hold.

|
*
** And the breast is shaped correctly to help the baby attach deeply.

|-
| Image: Uncompressed vada pav or burger.

Image: Compressed vada pav or burger.

|
* Let’s go back to the example of vada pav or burger.
* After holding the vada pav or burger correctly, we always press it to take a big bite.

|-
| Image: Compression of breast in C shape hold from the side.

Image: Deep attachment in side lying hold.

|
* Similarly, the mother should lightly press her breast in a C shape hold from the side.

* This will help the baby to take a big part of the breast in her mouth.

|-
| Image: Compression of breast in a scissor shape hold from the side.

|
* But remember,
** Mother should not press her breast in a scissor shape hold.
** Scissor shape compression will pinch the breast and cause nipple feeding.

|-
| Image: Equal compression of breast.

Image: Unequal compression of breast upwards.

Image: Unequal compression of breast downwards.

|
* Also make sure that
** there is equal compression of the breast with the thumb and the fingers.

* Otherwise, the nipple will shift either in the upward or downward direction.
* And the baby will not be able to attach deeply to the breast.

|-
| Image: Side-lying hold.

|
* Now, the baby is in the side lying hold and ready to attach to the breast for breastfeeding.

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby in Side-Lying hold.

Image: Bad attachment in Side-Lying hold.

|
* Correct attachment of the baby to the breast is explained in another video in the same series.

|-
| Image: Mother’s both hands are supporting the baby’s back

| As soon as the baby is attached deeply to the breast-

* Mother should release the breast from her hand.
* She should use this hand to hold the baby’s back and keep the baby close to her body.

|-
| Image: Mother’s hand is at 90 degrees to her body

Image: Mother’s left hand’s elbow is bent and tucked under the pillow.

|
* Also, she should move her other arm from the baby’s back and keep it at 90 degrees to her body.
* She should bend the elbow of that arm.
* Then she should tuck that hand under the pillow.

|-
| Image: Mother’s both hands are supporting the baby’s back

|
* The mother in this picture has released her right breast from her left hand.
* She is using her left hand to hold the baby’s back and keep the baby close to her body.

|-
| Image: Mother’s hand is at 90 degrees to her body

Image: Mother’s left hand is holding the baby’s back.

|
* She has removed her right hand from the baby’s back.
* She has kept it at 90 degrees to her body.
* Her right elbow is bent
* Her right hand is tucked under the pillow.

|-
| Image: Mother has turned to her left side and is ready to feed the baby from her left breast.

| After feeding from the first breast-

If the mother wants to feed from her other breast then she will have to lie down on the other side.

|-
| Image: Mother feeding in side lying hold from her left breast.
| The mother in this picture has turned to her left side to feed from her left breast.

|-
| Image: Mother in side lying hold with her right hand tucked under the pillow and left hand supporting the baby’s back.

| This brings us to the end of this tutorial.

|-
|'''Slide Number 2'''
'''Acknowledgement'''

| Thank you for joining.

|}

Health-and-Nutrition/C2/Laid-back-hold-for-breastfeeding/English

2018-10-16T05:48:45Z

Tasneemiitb:

{|border=1

| <center>Visual Cue</center>
|<center>Narration</center>

|-
|Slide Number 1
Title Slide
| Welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on '''Laid-back''' hold for breastfeeding.

|-
| Image: 5 common breastfeeding holds-cross cradle, football, cradle, laid back and side lying.

Image: Mother washing her hands.

Image: Laid back hold.
| In this tutorial we will learn,

* Choosing the correct breastfeeding hold for a mother and her baby
* Mother’s preparation before breastfeeding and
* How to do the '''laid-back''' hold.

|-
| Image: Laid back hold.
| Let us begin.

|-
| Image: 5 common breastfeeding holds-cross cradle, football, cradle, laid back and side lying.
| Across the world, mothers breastfeed their babies using various types of holds.

|-
| Image: Mother and baby relaxed in laid back hold.

Image: Mother in wrong laid back hold.

Image: Crying baby.
| As discussed in an earlier tutorial-

The best breastfeeding hold for a mother and her baby is the one in which-

* Both mother and baby are comfortable for the entire duration of breastfeeding

|-
| Image: Good attachment in laid back hold.

Image: Bad attachment in laid back hold.
|
* The baby is able to attach deeply to the mother’s breast

|-
| Image: Strong baby.

Image: Weak baby.
|
* And get sufficient milk.

|-
| Image: Laid back Hold
| Let us learn about one of the holds called '''Laid-back''' hold.

|-
| Image: Laid back hold.

Image: Cross cradle hold.

Image: Cradle hold.
| '''Laid-back''' hold is recommended when -

* Deep attachment of the baby to the breast is difficult using '''cross cradle''' or '''cradle''' hold

|-
| Image: Big breasts.
|
* Or if the mother has big breasts

|-
| Image: Mother has back pain.
|
* Or if the mother has back pain

|-
| Image: Mother is tired.
|
* Or when the mother is tired.

|-
| Image: Mother washing her hands.
| Before feeding her baby, the mother must wash her hands with soap and water.

|-
| Image: Mother showing her dry and clean hands.
| And dry her hands properly.

|-
| Image: Mother drinking a glass of water.

Image: Boiling water.

Image: Cool water.
| Then she should drink a glass of boiled and cooled water.

|-
| Image: Breastmilk filling a 1 litre jug till 750 ml.
| Lactating mothers produce 750 to 850 ml of milk per day on an average.

Therefore, they need to increase their daily water intake.

|-
| Image: Mother completely removing cloth covering the breast.
| Next, mother should uncover the breast from which she wants to feed the baby.

|-
| Image: Mother has not removed bra completely.
| She should ensure not to put pressure of her bra or blouse on the breast.

|-
| Image: Mother leaning back on bed, supported by pillows on her sides and under her head.
| Then, the mother should lie down comfortably on the floor or on a bed.

|-
| Image: Mother leaning back on bed, supported by pillows under her head, neck and upper back.
| Her head, neck and upper back should be well supported by pillows.

|-
| Image: Baby is brought to the mother.
| Now that the mother is ready, let us learn how to hold the baby correctly.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby with her right hand.
| Mother should hold her baby’s body with the hand on the side of the breast that she will feed from.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby’s head with the thumb and fingers of her left hand.
| She should hold the lower part of her baby's head with the thumb and fingers of her other hand.

|-
| Image: Mother holding the baby’s head with the thumb and fingers of her left hand.
| The mother in this picture, will be feeding her baby from her right breast.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby with her right hand.
| Therefore, she is using her right hand to hold the baby’s body.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby’s head with the thumb and fingers of her left hand.
| She is using the thumb and fingers of her left hand to hold the lower part of her baby’s head.

|-
| Image: Mother’s thumb and fingers are holding the baby’s head.
| Next,
Let us see the correct position of mother’s thumb and fingers for holding the baby’s head.

|-
| Image: Mother’s thumb and fingers behind baby’s ears.
| Mother’s thumb should be behind one ear, and rest of the fingers behind the other ear of the baby.

|-
| Image: Mother’s thumb slipped to baby’s neck.
| She should not move her fingers or thumb from behind the ear to the baby’s neck.

|-
| Image: Mother’s palm touching back of baby’s head.
Image: Mother’s palm is not touching the back of the baby’s head.
|
* She should not apply pressure on the back of the baby’s head with her hand.
* This will keep the baby comfortable while feeding.

|-
| Image: Baby’s stomach is placed against mother’s stomach.
| Next, let us learn how to position the baby’s body correctly.

The baby should be placed on the mother’s body in such a way that -
* baby’s stomach is on the mother’s stomach

|-
| Image: Baby’s head is near the right breast.
|
* And the baby’s head is near the mother’s breast.

|-
| Image: Less distance between baby and breast.
| Lesser distance between the baby and the breast will help the baby to reach the breast.

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby in laid back hold.
| And it will become easier for the baby to attach deeply.

|-
| Image: Mother holding baby in laid back hold.
| Then, the second important point is the direction in which the baby’s entire body is held.

|-
| Image: Adult eating food with head-neck-body in straight line.
| You may have noticed that-
When we eat food, our head, neck and body are always in the same direction.

|-
| Image: Baby’s head is turned sideways.

Image: Baby’s head, neck and body in the same direction.

| Similarly-

* Baby’s head, neck and body should always be in the same direction while breastfeeding.

|-
| GIF: Baby swallowing milk.
| This will make swallowing milk easier for the baby.

|-
| Image: 2 different diagonal directions of baby placed on mother’s abdomen with baby’s whole body touching mother’s body and baby’s head near the breast and nipple
| Remember, the baby can be positioned on the mother’s body in any direction, as long as -

* the whole front part of the baby’s body is placed on the front part of the mother’s body
* And the baby can reach the breast easily.

|-
| Image: Mother supporting the full body of her baby.
| Now we come to the third point in positioning the baby’s body.

|-
| Image: Mother’s hands on baby’s head, back and buttocks to support her full body.
| The mother should support the full body of her baby.

|-
| Image: Mother not supporting the baby’s full body with her hands and baby slipping downwards.

Image: Bad attachment in laid back hold.
| Otherwise, the baby will have to take a lot of effort to attach deeply to the breast.

|-
| Image: Baby’s nose in line with the nipple.

Image: Baby’s chin forward and touching the breast while her forehead and nose are pulled back.
| Next, let’s look at the position of baby’s nose and chin.

* Baby’s nose should always be in line with the nipple.
* And her chin should be forward and very close to the breast.
* This will ensure that the baby takes in more of the lower part of the '''areola''' while latching.
* And therefore, will use the lower jaw to drink more milk efficiently.

|-
| Image: Areola.
| Please note-
'''Areola '''is the dark area around the nipple.

|-
| Image: Laid back hold.
| Now, the baby is in '''laid back''' hold and ready to latch on for breastfeeding.

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby in laid back hold.
| In this hold, the baby can naturally attach deeply to the mother’s breast.

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby in laid back hold.

Image: Poor attachment in laid back hold.
| Deep attachment of the baby to the breast is explained in another video of the same series.

|-
| Image: Mother is supporting the baby’s body with both her hands.
| As soon as the baby is deeply attached to the breast-

* mother can release the baby’s head from her hand
* And use both her hands to support the baby’s body.

|-
| Image: Mother is comfortable while the baby breastfeeds.
| In this position, the mother should lie back, relax and breastfeed.

This brings us to the end of this tutorial.

|-
| Image: 5 common breastfeeding holds-cross cradle, football, cradle, laid back and side lying.

Image: Mother washing her hands.

Image: Laid back hold.
| In this tutorial, we learnt about-

* Choosing the correct breastfeeding hold for a mother and her baby
* Mother’s preparation before breastfeeding and
* How to do the '''laid-back''' hold.

|-
| Image: Spoken tutorial logo

Image: IIT Bombay logo
| This tutorial has been contributed by the '''Spoken Tutorial''' '''Project''', '''IIT Bombay'''

|-
| Image: NMEICT Logo

Image: MHRD, Government of India logo

Link: http://spoken-tutorial.org
| '''Spoken Tutorial Project '''is funded by''' NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India.'''

More information on this mission is available at this link.

|-
| Image: WHEELS Global Foundation Logo
| This tutorial is partly funded by a generous contribution from '''WHEELS Global Foundation'''.

|-
| Image: Maa aur Shishu Poshan Project logo
| This tutorial is a part of '''Maa aur Shishu Poshan project'''.

The domain reviewer for this tutorial is '''Dr. Rupal Dalal, MD''' Pediatrics.

This is dietitian '''Tasneem Shaikh''' along with animator '''Shital Joshi''' from''' IIT Bombay '''signing off.

Thank you for joining.

|}

Health-and-Nutrition/C2/Laid-back-hold-for-breastfeeding/English

2018-10-11T10:44:40Z

Tasneemiitb: Created page with "{|border=1 | <center>Visual Cue</center> |<center>Narration</center> |- |Slide Number 1 Title Slide | Welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on '''Laid-back''' hold for breast..."

{|border=1

| <center>Visual Cue</center>
|<center>Narration</center>

|-
|Slide Number 1
Title Slide
| Welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on '''Laid-back''' hold for breastfeeding.

|-
| Image: 5 common breastfeeding holds-cross cradle, football, cradle, laid back and side lying.

Image: Mother washing her hands.

Image: Laid back hold.
| In this tutorial we will learn,

* Choosing the correct breastfeeding hold for a mother and her baby
* Mother’s preparation before breastfeeding and
* How to do the '''laid-back''' hold.

|-
| Image: Laid back hold.
| Let us begin.

|-
| Image: 5 common breastfeeding holds-cross cradle, football, cradle, laid back and side lying.
| Across the world, mothers breastfeed their babies using various types of holds.

|-
| Image: Mother and baby relaxed in laid back hold.

Image: Mother in wrong laid back hold.

Image: Crying baby.
| As discussed in an earlier tutorial-

The best breastfeeding hold for a mother and her baby is the one in which-

* Both mother and baby are comfortable for the entire duration of breastfeeding

|-
| Image: Good attachment in laid back hold.

Image: Bad attachment in laid back hold.
|
* The baby is able to attach deeply to the mother’s breast

|-
| Image: Strong baby.

Image: Weak baby.
|
* And get sufficient milk.

|-
| Image: Laid back Hold
| Let us learn about one of the holds called '''Laid-back''' hold.

|-
| Image: Laid back hold.

Image: Cross cradle hold.

Image: Cradle hold.
| '''Laid-back''' hold is recommended when -

* Deep attachment of the baby to the breast is difficult using '''cross cradle''' or '''cradle''' hold

|-
| Image: Big breasts.
|
* Or if the mother has big breasts

|-
| Image: Mother has back pain.
|
* Or if the mother has back pain

|-
| Image: Mother is tired.
|
* Or when the mother is tired.

|-
| Image: Mother washing her hands.
| Before feeding her baby, the mother must wash her hands with soap and water.

|-
| Image: Mother showing her dry and clean hands.
| And dry her hands properly.

|-
| Image: Mother drinking a glass of water.

Image: Boiling water.

Image: Cool water.
| Then she should drink a glass of boiled and cooled water.

|-
| Image: Breastmilk filling a 1 litre jug till 750 ml.
| Lactating mothers produce 750 to 850 ml of milk per day on an average.

Therefore, they need to increase their daily water intake.

|-
| Image: Mother completely removing cloth covering the breast.
| Next, mother should uncover the breast from which she wants to feed the baby.

|-
| Image: Mother has not removed bra completely.
| She should ensure not to put pressure of her bra or blouse on the breast.

|-
| Image: Mother leaning back on bed, supported by pillows on her sides and under her head.
| Then, the mother should lie down comfortably on the floor or on a bed.

|-
| Image: Mother leaning back on bed, supported by pillows under her head, neck and upper back.
| Her head, neck and upper back should be well supported by pillows.

|-
| Image: Baby is brought to the mother.
| Now that the mother is ready, let us learn how to hold the baby correctly.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby with her right hand.
| Mother should hold her baby’s body with the hand on the side of the breast that she will feed from.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby’s head with the thumb and fingers of her left hand.
| She should hold the lower part of her baby's head with the thumb and fingers of her other hand.

|-
| Image: Mother holding the baby’s head with the thumb and fingers of her left hand.
| The mother in this picture, will be feeding her baby from her right breast.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby with her right hand.
| Therefore, she is using her right hand to hold the baby’s body.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby’s head with the thumb and fingers of her left hand.
| She is using the thumb and fingers of her left hand to hold the lower part of her baby’s head.

|-
| Image: Mother’s thumb and fingers are holding the baby’s head.
| Next,
Let us see the correct position of mother’s thumb and fingers for holding the baby’s head.

|-
| Image: Mother’s thumb and fingers behind baby’s ears.
| Mother’s thumb should be behind one ear, and rest of the fingers behind the other ear of the baby.

|-
| Image: Mother’s thumb slipped to baby’s neck.
| She should not move her fingers or thumb from behind the ear to the baby’s neck.

|-
| Image: Mother’s palm touching back of baby’s head.
Image: Mother’s palm is not touching the back of the baby’s head.
|
* She should not apply pressure on the back of the baby’s head with her hand.
* This will keep the baby comfortable while feeding.

|-
| Image: Baby’s stomach is placed against mother’s stomach.
| Next, let us learn how to position the baby’s body correctly.

The baby should be placed on the mother’s body in such a way that -
* baby’s stomach is on the mother’s stomach

|-
| Image: Baby’s head is near the right breast.
|
* And the baby’s head is near the mother’s breast.

|-
| Image: Less distance between baby and breast.
| Lesser distance between the baby and the breast will help the baby to reach the breast.

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby in laid back hold.
| And it will become easier for the baby to attach deeply.

|-
| Image: Mother holding baby in laid back hold.
| Then, the second important point is the direction in which the baby’s entire body is held.

|-
| Image: Adult eating food with head-neck-body in straight line.
| You may have noticed that-
When we eat food, our head, neck and body are always in the same direction.

|-
| Image: Baby’s head is turned sideways.

Image: Baby’s head, neck and body in the same direction.

| Similarly-

* Baby’s head, neck and body should always be in the same direction while breastfeeding.

|-
| GIF: Baby swallowing milk.
| This will make swallowing milk easier for the baby.

|-
| Image: 2 different diagonal directions of baby placed on mother’s abdomen with baby’s whole body touching mother’s body and baby’s head near the breast and nipple
| Remember, the baby can be positioned on the mother’s body in any direction, as long as -

* the whole front part of the baby’s body is placed on the front part of the mother’s body
* And the baby can reach the breast easily.

|-
| Image: Mother supporting the full body of her baby.
| Now we come to the third point in positioning the baby’s body.

|-
| Image: Mother’s hands on baby’s head, back and buttocks to support her full body.
| The mother should support the full body of her baby.

|-
| Image: Mother not supporting the baby’s full body with her hands and baby slipping downwards.

Image: Bad attachment in laid back hold.
| Otherwise, the baby will have to take a lot of effort to attach deeply to the breast.

|-
| Image: Baby’s nose in line with the nipple.

Image: Baby’s chin forward and touching the breast while her forehead and nose are pulled back.
| Next, let’s look at the position of baby’s nose and chin.

* Baby’s nose should always be in line with the nipple.
* And her chin should be forward and very close to the breast.
* This will ensure that the baby takes in more of the lower part of the '''areola''' while latching.
* And therefore, will use the lower jaw to drink more milk efficiently.

|-
| Image: Areola.
| Please note-
'''Areola '''is the dark area around the nipple.

|-
| Image: Laid back hold.
| Now, the baby is in '''laid back''' hold and ready to attach to the breast/ latch on for breastfeeding.

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby in laid back hold.
| In this hold, the baby can naturally attach deeply to the mother’s breast.

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby in laid back hold.

Image: Poor attachment in laid back hold.
| Deep attachment of the baby to the breast is explained in another video of the same series.

|-
| Image: Mother is supporting the baby’s body with both her hands.
| As soon as the baby is deeply attached to the breast-

* mother can release the baby’s head from her hand
* And use both her hands to support the baby’s body.

|-
| Image: Mother is comfortable while the baby breastfeeds.
| In this position, the mother should lie back, relax and breastfeed.

This brings us to the end of this tutorial.

|-
| Image: 5 common breastfeeding holds-cross cradle, football, cradle, laid back and side lying.

Image: Mother washing her hands.

Image: Laid back hold.
| In this tutorial, we learnt about-

* Choosing the correct breastfeeding hold for a mother and her baby
* Mother’s preparation before breastfeeding and
* How to do the '''laid-back''' hold.

|-
| Image: Spoken tutorial logo

Image: IIT Bombay logo
| This tutorial has been contributed by the '''Spoken Tutorial''' '''Project''', '''IIT Bombay'''

|-
| Image: NMEICT Logo

Image: MHRD, Government of India logo

Link: http://spoken-tutorial.org
| '''Spoken Tutorial Project '''is funded by''' NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India.'''

More information on this mission is available at this link.

|-
| Image: WHEELS Global Foundation Logo
| This tutorial is partly funded by a generous contribution from '''WHEELS Global Foundation'''.

|-
| Image: Maa aur Shishu Poshan Project logo
| This tutorial is a part of '''Maa aur Shishu Poshan project'''.

The domain reviewer for this tutorial is '''Dr. Rupal Dalal, MD''' Pediatrics.

This is dietitian '''Tasneem Shaikh''' along with animator '''Shital Joshi''' from''' IIT Bombay '''signing off.

Thank you for joining.

|}

Health-and-Nutrition/C2/Cross-cradle-hold/Hindi

2018-04-06T10:52:34Z

Tasneemiitb: Created page with "{|border= 1 |Time | <center> Narration |- |00:01 |स्तनपान कराने की क्रॉस क्रेडल स्थिती पर स्पोकन..."

{|border= 1
|Time

| <center> Narration
|-
|00:01
|स्तनपान कराने की क्रॉस क्रेडल स्थिती पर स्पोकन ट्यूटोरियल में आपका स्वागत है।

|-
|00:07
|इस ट्यूटोरियल में हम सीखेंगे - माँ और शिशु के लिए स्तनपान की सही स्थिति चुनना

|-
|00:16
|स्तनपान से पहले माँ की तैयारी और

|-
|00:20
|क्रॉस क्रेडल स्थिती करने की संपूर्ण क्रियाविधि।

|-
|00:24
|तो चलिए शुरू करते है।

|-
|00:26
|दुनिया भर में, माँएं अपने शिशुओंको विभिन्न प्रकार की स्थितियों में स्तनपान कराती है।

|-
|00:32
|एक माँ और उसके शिशु के लिए स्तनपान कराने की सबसे अच्छी स्थिति वह होती है जिसमें - माँ और शिशु दोनों के लिए स्तनपान शुरू से अंत तक आरामदायक हो

|-
|00:43
|शिशु माँ के स्तन से गहरा जुड़ाव कर पाए

|-
|00:48
|और उसे भरपूर दूध मिल पाए।

|-
|00:51
|आज हम स्तनपान कराने की क्रॉस क्रेडल स्थिती के बारे में सीखेंगे।

|-
|00:56
|यह स्थिति, शिशु के शरीर पर पूरा नियंत्रण रखने के लिए, माँ के स्तन को सही आकार में पकड़ने लिए, और शिशु का स्तन से गहरे जुड़ाव के लिए, सबसे बेहतरीन स्थिति है।

|-
|01:06
|स्तनपान कराने से पहले, माँ को अपने हाथों को अच्छी तरह से धो कर सुखाना चाहिए।

|-
|01:12
|फिर उसे एक गिलास उबालकर ठंडा किया हुआ पानी पीना चाहिए।

|-
|01:16
|स्तनपान कराने वाली माँओं के स्तनों में आम तौर पर, ७५० से ८५० मिली लीटर दूध बनता है।

|-
|01:24
|इसलिए, उन्हें रोज ज़्यादा पानी पीने की ज़रूरत होती है।

|-
|01:29
|अब सीखते है माँ के बैठने की सही स्थिति।

|-
|01:33
|माँ को फर्श या पलंग पर पालथी मारकर बैठना चाहिए।

|-
|01:38
|या फिर कुर्सी पर बैठकर अपने दोनों पैरों को फर्श पर सपाट रखना चाहिए।

|-
|01:43
|अगर कुर्सी बहुत ऊँची होने की वजह से माँ के पैर फर्श तक नहीं पहुंच पा रहे हो, तब वह अपने पैरों को फर्श पर रखे छोटे स्टूल या तकिए पर रख सकती है।

|-
|01:54
|जब माँ बैठे तब उसे यह पक्का करना चाहिए की - उसकी पीठ सीधी हो ताकि उसे पीठ दर्द न हो

|-
|02:03
|उसके कंधे ऊपर उठाये हुए या झुके हुए न हो

|-
|02:08
|और वह ये आरामदायक स्थिति स्तनपान समाप्त होने तक कायम रखे।

|-
|02:13
|अब माँ को वो स्तन बाहर निकालना चाहिए जिससे वह अपने शिशु को स्तनपान कराना चाहती है।

|-
|02:19
|उसे पक्का करना चाहिए की उसके स्तन पर ब्रा या ब्लाउज का दबाव न पड़े।

|-
|02:26
|सही तरह से बैठने के बाद, शिशु को माँ के पास लाए।

|-
|02:31
|माँ को अपने शिशु का सर उस हाथ से पकड़ना चाहिए जो स्तनपान कराने वाले स्तन की दूसरी तरफ हो।

|-
|02:39
|माँ के उसी हाथ की बगल के अंदर शिशु के पैरों को रखे।

|-
|02:45
|इस चित्र मे, माँ उसके शिशु को अपने दाहिने स्तन से दूध पिलाएगी। इसलिए, शिशु के पैर माँ की बाईं बगल के अंदर रखे हुए है।

|-
|02:57
|माँ ने अपने बाएँ हाथ के अँगूठे और उँगलियों से अपने शिशु के सर के निचले हिस्से को पकड़ा हुआ है।

|-
| 03:05
|अगर माँ शिशु को पकड़ने में मदद चाहती है - तो वह शिशु के नीचे अपनी गोद में तकिया रख सकती है।

|-
|03:15
|याद रहे, माँ को नीचे झुक कर अपना स्तन शिशु की ओर कभी नहीं लाना चाहिए।

|-
|03:21
|ऐसा करने पर उसे पीठ दर्द हो सकता है।

|-
|03:26
|माँ को अपनी पीठ हमेशा सीधी रखनी चाहिए और शिशु को ऊपर उठाकर स्तन तक ले आना चाहिए।

|-
|03:33
|अब सीखते है माँ के अँगूठे और उंगलियों को रखने की सही स्थिति।

|-
|03:39
|माँ का अंगूठा शिशु के एक कान के पीछे और बाकी उँगलियाँ शिशु के दूसरे कान के पीछे होनी चाहिए।

|-
|03:46
|उसे अपने अँगूठे या उँगलियों को शिशु के कानों के पीछे से हटाकर शिशु की गरदन पर नहीं लाना चाहिए।

|-
|03:52
|माँ की कलाई शिशु के कंधों के बीच होनी चाहिए।

|-
|03:56
|माँ को अपने हाथ से शिशु के सर पर पीछे से दबाव नहीं डालना चाहिए।

|-
|04:04
|इससे स्तनपान के दौरान शिशु को आराम मिलेगा।

|-
|04:08
|अब सीखते है शिशु के शरीर को रखने की सही स्थिति।

|-
|04:15
|माँ के शरीर पर शिशु के पेट से हल्का सा दबाव पड़ना चाहिए।

|-
|04:20
|दोनों के शरीर के बीच की दूरी कम करने से शिशु को स्तन तक पहुंचने में कम ताकत लगेगी।

|-
|04:26
|और स्तन से गहरा जुड़ाव शिशु के लिए आसान हो जाएगा।

|-
|04:32
|इसके बाद, दूसरी ज़रूरी बात है, शिशु का पूरा शरीर एक सीधी रेखा में होना।

|-
|04:37
|जब हम खाना खाते है, हमारा सर, गला और शरीर एक सीधी रेखा में होते है।

|-
|04:43
|लेकिन स्तनपान के समय, माँएं अक्सर शिशु को उसकी पीठ पर लिटाकर उसके सर को स्तन की तरफ मोड़ती है।

|-
|04:50
|इससे स्तनपान शिशु के लिए मुश्किल हो जाएगा।

|-
|04:55
|स्तनपान कराते समय, शिशु का सिर, गरदन और शरीर हमेशा एक सीधी रेखा में होने चाहिए।

|-
|05:01
|इससे शिशु के लिए दूध निगलना आसान हो जाएगा।

|-
|05:05
|अब हम शिशु के शरीर की स्थिति के बारे में तीसरी ज़रूरी बात सीखेंगे।

|-
|05:10
|माँ को उसके शिशु के पूरे शरीर को सहारा देना चाहिए।

|-
|05:14
|ऐसा न करने पर, शिशु को स्तन से गहराई से जुड़ने में बहुत मेहनत करनी पड़ेगी।

|-
|05:22
|अब देखते है शिशु के नाक और ठुड्डी की स्थिति।

|-
|05:28
|शिशु का नाक और माँ का निप्पल एक सीधी रेखा में होने चाहिए।

|-
|05:33
|और उसकी ठुड्डी स्तन के बहुत पास, आगे की तरफ होनी चाहिए।

|-
|05:38
|इससे शिशु का स्तन से जुड़ते समय, एरिओला का निचला हिस्सा अपने मुँह में लेना पक्का हो जाएगा।

|-
|05:45
|जिसकी वजह से शिशु अपने निचले जबड़े से भरपूर दूध पी पायेगा।

|-
|05:51
|कृपया ध्यान दे- निप्पल के आस-पास के गहरे रंग वाले भाग को एरिओला कहते है।

|-
| 05:57
|अब, शिशु के शरीर को सही स्थिति में रखने के बाद, चलिए सीखते है स्तन को कैसे पकडे।

|-
|06:04
|अपने दूसरे हाथ की उँगलियों से, माँ को अपने स्तन को नीचे से “यू” आकार में पकड़ना चाहिए।

|-
|06:12
|इस चित्र में माँ अपने दाहिने हाथ से अपने दाहिने स्तन को पकड़ेगी।

|-
|06:19
|अँगूठे और उँगलियों की सही स्थिति समझने के लिए, कल्पना करे की माँ के दाहिने स्तन पर एक घड़ी है, जिसके बीचोंबीच निप्पल है।

|-
|03:31
|माँ को अपना दाहिना अंगूठा इस घड़ी के ९ नंबर की जगह पर रखना चाहिए।

|-
|06:38
|और उसे अपने अँगूठे के बाज़ू वाली दो उँगलियों को ३ नंबर की जगह पर रखना चाहिए।

|-
|06:46
|माँ की उँगलियों और शिशु के होठों की दिशा हमेशा एक समान होनी चाहिए। ऐसा क्यों?

|-
|06:51
|एक आसान उदाहरण की मदद से समझते है।

|-
|06:56
|जब हम वड़ा पाँव या बर्गर खाते है, हमारे होंठ आड़े खुलते है।

|-
|07:02
|हम वडा पाँव या बर्गर को आड़ा पकड़ते है ताकि बड़ा निवाला खा सके।

|-
|07:08
|यहाँ, हमारे होठों और उँगलियों की दिशा एक समान है।

|-
|07:12
|अगर हम वडा पाँव या बर्गर को लंबरूप से पकड़ेंगे, तब हम उसका बड़ा निवाला नहीं खा पाएंगे।

|-
|07:19
|अब, शिशु के होठों की दिशा पर ध्यान दे।

|-
|07:25
|उसके होंठ लंबरूप से खुले है। इसलिए, माँ की उँगलियों को भी स्तन पर लंबरूप से रखना ज़रूरी है।

|-
|07:34
|इससे शिशु को एरिओला का निचला हिस्सा मुँह के अंदर लेने में मदद मिलेगी।

|-
|07:39
|शिशु के होठों की दिशा में होने के अलावा, माँ की उंगलियाँ और अंगूठा हमेशा निप्पल से ३ उँगलियों की दूरी पर होने चाहिए।

|-
|07:50
|वडा पाँव या बर्गर खाते समय, अगर हम उसे बहुत पास पकड़ेंगे, तो हमारी उँगलियाँ बीच में होने की वजह से हम बड़ा निवाला नहीं खा पाएंगे।

|-
|08:00
|अगर हम उसे बहुत दूर पकड़ेंगे, तो उसका आकार हमारे मुँह में जाने के लिए सही नहीं होगा।

|-
|08:07
|इसलिए हम उसे सही दूरी पर पकड़ते है, ताकि बड़ा निवाला खा सके।

|-
|08:12
|उसी तरह शिशु के लिए स्तन को निप्पल से ३ उँगलियों की दूरी पर पकड़ना सही है, जैसा की इस चित्र में दिखाया गया है।

|-
|08:20
|इस दूरी को रखने के कई फायदे है- इससे माँ की उँगलियाँ शिशु को एरिओला का बड़ा हिस्सा मुँह में लेने से नहीं रोकेगी।

|-
| 08:29
|माँ सिर्फ निप्पल को नहीं को दबाएगी जिससे बहुत कम दूध मिलता है।

|-
|08:35
|माँ एरिओला के नीचे वाली बड़ी दुग्ध नलिकाओं को दबाएगी जिससे ज़्यादा दूध निकलेगा।

|-
|08:42
|और स्तन का आकार सही बनेगा, जिससे शिशु को स्तन से गहरा जुड़ाव करने में मदद मिलेगी।

|-
|08:49
|माँ का अंगूठा निप्पल से ३ उँगलियों की दूरी पर, स्तन के उस तरफ होना चाहिए जहां शिशु का नाक है।

|-
|08:59
|और माँ की २ उँगलियाँ निप्पल से ३ उँगलियों की दूरी पर, स्तन के उस तरफ होनी चाहिए जहां शिशु की ठुड्डी है।

|-
|09:09
|अब फिर से वड़ा पाँव या बर्गर के उदाहरण पर जाते है।

|-
|09:13
|वड़ा पाँव या बर्गर को सही तरह से पकड़ने के बाद, हम उसे हमेशा दबाते है ताकि बड़ा निवाला खा सके।

|-
|09:21
|उसी तरह, माँ को अपने स्तन को नीचे से “यू” आकार में पकड़कर हलके से दबाना चाहिए।

|-
|09:28
|इससे शिशु को स्तन का बड़ा हिस्सा मुँह में लेने में मदद मिलेगी।

|-
|09:34
|पर याद रहे, माँ को अपने स्तन को “वी” आकार में नहीं दबाना चाहिए।

|-
|09:39
|“वी” आकार के दबाव से माँ को दर्द होगा और शिशु को सिर्फ निप्पल से कम दूध मिलेगा।

|-
|09:45
|ध्यान रहे की अँगूठे और उंगलियों से स्तन पर बराबर का दबाव पड़े।

|-
|09:52
|ऐसा न करने पर, निप्पल दाईं या बाई ओर चला जाएगा जिसकी वजह से शिशु का स्तन से गहरा जुड़ाव नहीं हो पायेगा।

|-
|10:00
|याद रहे, स्तन को दबाकर शिशु की तरफ न लाए।

|-
|10:08
|हमेशा शिशु को स्तन की तरफ लेकर जाए।

|-
|10:12
|अब शिशु क्रॉस क्रेडल स्थिति में है और स्तनपान के लिए स्तन से जुड़ने तैयार है।

|-
|10:18
|स्तन से गहराई से जुड़ने की सही तकनीक इसी शृंखला के दूसरे ट्यूटोरियल में समझायी गयी है।

|-
|10:24
|शिशु का स्तन से गहरा जुड़ाव होने के बाद और अगर स्तन ज़्यादा भारी न हो तो - माँ को अपने हाथ से अपने स्तन को छोड़कर, उस हाथ को शिशु के नीचे रखकर शिशु को सहारा देना चाहिए।

|-
|10:40
|इस स्थिति में, माँ को अपने दोनों हाथों को अपने शरीर के बहुत करीब रखना चाहिए।

|-
|10:46
|इससे माँ को स्तनपान कराते समय आराम मिलेगा।

|-
|10:50
|यहाँ पर यह ट्यूटोरियल समाप्त होता है।

|-
|10:54
|इस ट्यूटोरियल में हमने सीखा- माँ और शिशु के लिए स्तनपान की सही स्थिति चुनना

|-
|11:03
|स्तनपान से पहले माँ की तैयारी और क्रॉस क्रेडल स्थिति करने की सम्पूर्ण क्रियाविधि।

|-
|11:09
|इस ट्यूटोरियल का योगदान स्पोकन ट्यूटोरियल प्रोजेक्ट, आई आई टी बॉम्बे द्वारा किया गया है।

|-
|11:15
|स्पोकन ट्यूटोरियल प्रोजेक्ट भारत सरकार के एन एम् ई आई सी टी, एम् एच आर डी द्वारा वित्त पोषित है।

|-
|11:23
|इस मिशन पर अधिक जानकारी इस लिंक पर उपलब्ध है।

|-
|11:28
|यह ट्यूटोरियल व्हीलस ग्लोबल फ़ाउंडेशन की ओर से दिए गए उदार योगदान द्वारा आंशिक रूप से वित्त पोषित है।

|-
|11:34
|यह ट्यूटोरियल माँ और शिशु पोषण प्रोजेक्ट का हिस्सा है।

|-
|11:39
|इस ट्यूटोरियल की ज्ञानक्षेत्र समीक्षक है डॉ रूपल दलाल, एम् डी, बाल चिकित्सा।

|-
|11:45
|आयी आयी टी बॉम्बे से मैं आहार विशेषज्ञ तस्नीम शेख, एनिमेटर शीतल जोशी के साथ आपसे विदा लेती हु।

|-
|11:53
|हमसे जुड़ने के लिए धन्यवाद।

Health-and-Nutrition/C2/Cross-cradle-hold/English

2018-03-21T05:44:01Z

Tasneemiitb: Created page with "{|border=1 | <center>Visual Cue</center> | <center>Narration</center> |- |'''Slide Number 1''' '''Title Slide''' | Welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on '''Cross Cradle''..."

{|border=1
| <center>Visual Cue</center>
| <center>Narration</center>

|-
|'''Slide Number 1'''

'''Title Slide'''

| Welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on '''Cross Cradle''' hold for breastfeeding.

|-
| Image: 5 breastfeeding holds-cross cradle, football, cradle, laid back and side lying holds.

Image: Mother is washing her hands.

Image: Cross cradle hold.

| In this tutorial we will learn about-

* Choosing the correct breastfeeding hold for a mother and her baby
* Mother’s preparation before breastfeeding and
* Step-by-step procedure for Cross Cradle hold.

|-
| Image: Cross cradle hold

| Let us begin.

|-
| Image: 5 common breastfeeding holds- cross cradle, football, cradle, laid back and side lying hold.

| Across the world, mothers breastfeed their babies using various types of holds.

|-
| Image: Mother is breastfeeding in cross cradle hold.

Image: Mother is breastfeeding in incorrect cross cradle hold. Her back is bent forward. Her hand is abducted from her body.

Image: Baby is crying on the breast.

| The best breastfeeding hold for a mother and her baby is the one in which-

* Both mother and baby are comfortable for the entire duration of breastfeeding

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby in cross cradle hold.

Image: Bad attachment in cross cradle hold.

|
* The baby is able to attach deeply to the mother’s breast

|-
| Image: Strong baby.

Image: Weak baby.

|
* And get sufficient milk.

|-
| Image: Cross Cradle Hold.

| Let us learn about one of the holds called Cross Cradle hold.

|-
| Image: Cross Cradle Hold.

| Cross Cradle hold is the best hold to have-

* full control of baby’s body

|-
| Image: U shape hold.

|
* breast support

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby in cross cradle hold.

|
* and deep latching.

|-
| Image: Mother is washing her hands.

Image: Mother is showing dry and clean hands.

| Before feeding her baby, the mother must wash and dry her hands properly.

|-
| Image: Mother is drinking a glass of water.

Image: Boiling water.

Image: Cold water.

| Then she should drink a glass of boiled and cooled water.

|-
| Image: A 1 litre jug filled till 750 ml with breastmilk.

|
* Lactating mothers produce 750 to 850 ml of milk per day on an average.

* Therefore, they need to increase their daily water intake.

|-
| Image: Mother is sitting on the floor in cross legged position.

| Next, let’s discuss the position of the mother.

|-
| Image: Mother is sitting on the floor in cross-legged position.

Image: Mother is sitting on a bed in cross-legged position.

| Mother should sit on the floor or on the bed in cross legged position.

|-
| Image: Mother is sitting on a chair with her feet flat on the ground.

Image: Mother is sitting on a chair with her feet not touching the floor.

| Or on a chair with her feet flat on the ground.

|-
| Image: Mother is sitting on a chair with her feet not touching the floor.

Image: Mother is sitting on a chair with her feet flat on a stool.

|
* If the chair is too high and her feet do not reach the floor
* then, she can rest her feet flat on a small stool or pillows kept on the floor.

|-
| Image: Mother is sitting on the floor in cross legged position with her back straight.

Image: Mother is sitting on the floor with her back curved and shoulders elevated.

Image: Mother is sitting on a chair with her back straight.

Image: Mother is sitting on a chair with her feet on a stool and back straight.

Image: Mother is sitting on a chair with her back curved and shoulders elevated.

| While sitting, she should ensure that -

* Her back is straight so as to avoid back pain.

|-
| Image: Mother is sitting on the floor with her back straight.

Image: Mother is sitting on the floor with her back curved and shoulders elevated.

Image: Mother is sitting on a chair with her back straight.

Image: Mother is sitting on a chair with her feet on a stool and back straight.

Image: Mother is sitting on a chair with her back curved and shoulders elevated.

|
* Her shoulders are relaxed and not elevated or curved

|-
| Image: Mother is sitting on the floor with her back straight.

Image: Mother is breastfeeding in cross cradle hold.

|
* And this relaxed position is maintained throughout the feeding session.

|-
| Image: Mother has completely removed the cloth covering her breast.

| Mother should uncover the breast from which she wants to feed the baby.

|-
| Image: Mother has not removed her bra completely.

| She should ensure not to put pressure of her bra or blouse on the breast.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding her baby with her left hand.

| After sitting comfortably, bring the baby to the mother.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby with her left hand.

| Mother should hold her baby's head with the hand opposite to the breast that she will feed from.

|-
| Image: Mother holding the baby with her left hand.

| The baby’s legs should be tucked under the mother’s armpit of the same hand.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby with her left hand.

| The mother in this picture, will be feeding her baby from her right breast.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby with her left hand.

| Therefore, the baby’s legs are tucked under her left armpit.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby with her left hand.

| She is using the thumb and fingers of her left hand to hold the lower part of her baby’s head.

|-
| Image: Mother has kept a pillow beneath the baby on her lap.

| If the mother wants additional support to lift the baby-

* she can keep a pillow under the baby on her lap.

|-
| Image: Mother is bending her back to bring the breast to the baby.''' '''

|
* Remember, the mother should never bring the breast to the baby by bending her back.

* This will make her uncomfortable and cause back pain.

|-
| Image: Mother keeps her back straight and brings the baby to her breast.

| She should always keep her back straight and elevate the baby to reach her breast.

|-
| Image: Mother’s thumb and fingers are placed behind the baby’s ears.

|
* Next, let us see the correct position of mother’s thumb and fingers.
* Mother’s thumb should be behind one ear, and rest of the fingers behind the other ear of the baby.

|-
| Image: Mother’s thumb has slipped to the baby’s neck.

| She should not move her fingers or thumb from behind the ear to the baby’s neck.

|-
| Image: Mother’s wrist is between the baby’s shoulders.

| Her wrist should rest between the baby’s shoulder blades.

|-
| Image: Mother’s palm is touching the back of the baby’s head.

Image: Mother’s palm is not touching the back of the baby’s head.

|
* She should not apply pressure on the back of the baby’s head with her hand.
* This will keep the baby comfortable while feeding.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby in cross cradle hold.''' '''

| Next, let us learn how to position baby’s body correctly.

* The baby’s stomach should gently press against the mother’s body.

|-
| Image: Baby is very close to the breast.

| Lesser distance between their bodies will reduce the baby’s effort to reach the breast.

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby in cross cradle hold.

| And it will become easier for the baby to attach deeply.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby in cross cradle hold.
| The second point in positioning is the baby’s body alignment.

|-
| Image: Adult is eating food with her head-neck-body in straight line.

| When we eat food, our head, neck and body are always in a straight line.

|-
| Image: Baby’s head neck and body are not aligned'''.'''

|
* But, while breastfeeding, the baby’s head is often turned sideways by many mothers.

* This will make feeding uncomfortable for the baby.

|-
| Image: Baby’s neck-head-body are placed in a straight line.

| Baby’s head, neck and body should always be in a straight line while breastfeeding.

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby in cross cradle hold.

| This will make swallowing milk easier for the baby.

|-
| Image: Mother is supporting baby’s full body.

|
* Now we come to the third point in positioning the baby’s body.

* The mother should support the full body of her baby.

|-
| Image: Mother is not supporting the full body of her baby.

| Otherwise the baby will have to take a lot of effort to attach deeply to the breast.

|-
| Image: Baby’s nose is in line with the nipple.

Image: Deeply attached baby in cross cradle hold.

Image: Strong baby.

Image: Baby’s nose is not in line with the nipple.

Image: Deeply attached baby in cross cradle hold.

Image: Weak baby.

| Next, let’s look at the position of the baby’s nose and chin.

* Baby’s nose should be in line with the nipple.
* And her chin should be forward and very close to the breast.
* This will ensure that the baby takes in more of the lower part of the areola while latching.
* And therefore, will use the lower jaw to drink more milk efficiently.

|-
| Image: Breast.

| Please note-

* Areola is the dark area around the nipple.

|-
| Image: Cross cradle hold.

| Now that the baby is positioned correctly,

|-
| Image: Mother is holding her breast with her right hand in a U shape hold from below.

Image: U shape hold.

| let us learn how to hold the breast.

* Using the fingers of her other hand,
* the mother should cup her breast underneath in a U shape hold.
* The mother in this picture will use her right hand to hold her right breast.

|-
| Image: Clock drawn on the right breast.

| To understand the correct position of thumb and fingers,

* Imagine the nipple to be the center of a clock on the mother’s right breast.
* Mother should place her right thumb at 9’O clock position on this clock.
* While her right index finger and middle finger should be placed at 3’O clock position.

|-
| Image: Mother fingers, holding the breast, are parallel to the baby’s lips. Both are vertical.

| The fingers should be always parallel to the baby’s lips.

|-
| Image: Adult is holding a vada pav or burger horizontally.

Image: Adult’s lips and fingers holding a vada pav or burger horizontally are parallel to each other.

Image: Adult is taking a big bite of a vada pav or burger while holding it horizontally.

| Why?

Let’s understand this using a simple example.

* When we eat a vada pav or burger, our mouth and lips open horizontally.
* We hold the vada pav or burger horizontally to take a big bite.
* Here, the thumb and fingers are placed parallel to the lips.

|-
| Image: Adult is holding a vada pav or burger vertically.

Image: Adult’s lips are perpendicular to adult’s fingers holding vada pav or burger vertically.

Image: Adult is trying to eat vada pav or burger while holding it vertically.

| If we hold the vada pav or burger vertically, we won’t be able to take a big bite.

|-
| Image: Baby’s lips and mother’s fingers in U shape hold are parallel to each other. Both are vertical.

Image: Deeply attached baby in cross cradle hold.

|
* Similarly, observe the direction of baby’s lips.
* The lips are vertical here.
* Therefore, the fingers and thumb should also be positioned vertically on the breast.
* This will help the baby to take a big part of the areola in her mouth.

|-
| Image: Mother’s fingers are holding the breast in U shape hold at a distance of 3 fingers from the nipple.

Image: Deeply attached baby in cross cradle hold.

| Apart from being parallel to the baby’s lips,

* mother’s thumb and fingers should always be at a distance of 3 fingers from the nipple.

|-
| Image: Adult is trying to eat a vada pav or burger while holding it too close to the edge.

| Again, while eating a vada pav or burger,

* If we hold it too close, our fingers will block our mouth from taking a big bite.

|-
| Image: Adult is trying to eat a vada pav or burger while holding it far away from the edge.

|
* If we hold it too far away, it will not be shaped correctly to fit in our mouth.

|-
| Image: Adult is holding a vada pav or burger at the right distance.

|
* Therefore, we hold it at the right distance to take a big bite.

|-
| Image: Mother’s fingers are holding the breast in U shape hold at a distance of 3 fingers from the nipple.

|
* Similarly for the baby-
the right distance is of 3 fingers from the nipple, as shown in this picture.

* This distance will ensure that-

|-
| Image: Mother’s fingers are holding the breast in U shape at a distance of 1 finger from the nipple.

Image: Poor attachment in cross cradle hold.

|
* mother’s fingers do not block the baby from taking a big part of the areola in her mouth

|-
| Image: Mother is pressing only the nipple and drops of milk are coming out.

|
* Mother does not compress only the nipple which will give very little milk

|-
| Image: Mother is compressing the breast at a distance of 3 fingers and more milk is coming out.

|
* Mother compresses the larger milk ducts beneath the areola to express more milk out

|-
| Image: Mother’s is holding the breast at a distance of 5 fingers from the nipple.

Image: Poor attachment in cross cradle hold.

Image: Mother’s fingers are holding the breast in a U shape hold at a distance of 3 fingers from the nipple.

Image: Deeply attached baby in cross cradle hold.

|
* And the breast is shaped correctly to help the baby attach deeply.

|-
| Image: Mother’s thumb is 3 fingers away from the nipple on the side of the breast where the baby’s nose is present.

| Mother’s thumb should be

* 3 fingers away from the nipple on the side of the breast where the baby’s nose is present.

|-
| Image: Mother’s 2 fingers are at a distance of 3 fingers from the nipple on the side of the breast where baby’s chin is present.

| And her 2 fingers should be at a distance of

* 3 fingers from the nipple on the side of the breast where baby’s chin is present.

|-
| Image: Uncompressed vada pav or burger.

Image: Compressed vada pav or burger.

|
* Let’s go back to the example of vada pav or burger.
* After holding the vada pav or burger correctly, we always compress it to take a big bite.

|-
| Image: Compression of breast in U shape hold from the bottom.

Image: Deeply attached baby in cross cradle hold.

|
* Similarly, the mother should lightly compress her breast in a U shape hold from the bottom.

* This will help the baby to take a big part of the breast in her mouth.

|-
| Image: Compression of breast in a V shape hold.

Image: Nipple feeding in cross cradle hold.

| But remember,

* Mother should not compress her breast in a V shape.
* V shape compression will pinch the breast and cause nipple feeding.

|-
| Image: Equal compression of breast from both sides.

Image: Unequal compression of breast towards the right side.

Image: Unequal compression of breast towards the left side.

|
* Also make sure that there is equal compression of the breast with the thumb and the fingers.

* Otherwise-
the nipple will shift either to the right or the left side and lead to poor attachment.

|-
| Image: Mother is pushing her breast inside towards the baby.

Image: Mother is bringing the baby towards her breast.

| Remember,

* Never bring the breast to the baby by pushing it sideways towards the baby.
* Always bring the baby towards the breast.

|-
| Image: Cross Cradle hold.

| Now, the baby is in Cross Cradle hold and ready to latch on for breastfeeding.

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby in Cross Cradle hold.

Image: Baby attached only to the nipple in cross cradle hold.

| The correct latching technique is explained in another tutorial in the same series.

|-
| Image: Cross cradle hold with both hands holding the baby.

| Once the baby is latched on correctly and if the breast is not too heavy then-

* mother should release her breast from her hand and
* bring her hand underneath the baby for support.

|-
| Image: Cross cradle hold with both hands holding the baby.

|
* In this position, mother should bring both her arms very close to her body.

* This will keep her comfortable during breastfeeding.

|-
| Image: 5 breastfeeding holds- cross cradle, football, cradle, laid back and side lying holds.

Image: Mother washing her hands.

Image: Cross cradle hold.

| This brings us to the end of this tutorial.

In this tutorial we learnt about,

* Choosing the correct breastfeeding hold for a mother and her baby
* Mother’s preparation before breastfeeding and
* Step-by-step procedure for Cross Cradle hold.

|-
| Image: Spoken tutorial logo.

Image: IIT Bombay logo.

| This tutorial has been contributed by the '''Spoken Tutorial''' Project, '''IIT Bombay'''.

|-
| Image: NMEICT Logo.

Image: MHRD, Government of India logo.

http://spoken-tutorial.org

| '''Spoken Tutorial '''Project''' '''is funded by''' NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India.'''

More information on this mission is available at this link.

|-
| Image: WHEELS Global Foundation Logo.

| This tutorial is partly funded by a generous contribution from '''WHEELS Global Foundation'''.

|-
| Image: Maa aur Shishu Poshan project logo.

| This tutorial is a part of '''Maa aur Shishu Poshan''' project.

The domain reviewer for this tutorial is '''Dr. Rupal Dalal''', MD Pediatrics.

This is dietitian '''Tasneem Shaikh''' along with animator '''Shital Joshi''' from''' IIT Bombay '''signing off.

Thank you for joining.

|}

Health-and-Nutrition/C2/Football-hold-for-breastfeeding/English

2018-03-01T10:19:17Z

Tasneemiitb: Created page with " {|border=1 | <center>Visual Cue</center> | <center>Narration</center> |- |'''Slide Number 1''' '''Title Slide''' | Welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on '''Football''' h..."

{|border=1
| <center>Visual Cue</center>
| <center>Narration</center>

|-
|'''Slide Number 1'''

'''Title Slide'''

| Welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on '''Football''' hold for breastfeeding.

|-
| Image: 5 breastfeeding holds-cross cradle, football, cradle, laid back and side lying holds.

Image: Mother is washing her hands.

Image: '''Football''' hold.

| In this tutorial we will learn about-

* Choosing the correct breastfeeding hold for a mother and her baby
* Mother’s preparation before breastfeeding and
* Step-by-step procedure for '''Football''' hold.

|-
| Image: '''Football''' hold.

| Let us begin.

|-
| Image: 5 breastfeeding holds- cross cradle, football, cradle, laid back and side lying holds.

| Across the world, mothers breastfeed their babies using various types of holds.

|-
| Image: '''Football''' hold.

Image: Mother is breastfeeding in incorrect '''football''' hold with her back bent forward and her hand abducted.

Image: Baby is crying.

| As explained in an earlier tutorial,

* The best breastfeeding hold for a mother and her baby is the one in which-
*Both mother and baby are comfortable for the entire duration of breastfeeding

|-
| Image: Baby is deeply attached in '''football''' hold.

Image: Bad attachment in '''football''' hold.

|
* The baby is able to attach deeply to the mother’s breast

|-
| Image: Strong baby.

Image: Weak baby.

|
* And get sufficient milk.

|-
| Image: '''Football''' Hold.

| Let us learn about one of the holds called '''Football''' hold.

|-
| Image: C section delivery.

| '''Football''' hold is especially useful if the mother:

* Has had a C-section delivery

|-
| Image: Large breasts.

|
* Has large breasts

|-
| Image: Small or premature baby.

|
* Has a small or premature baby or

|-
| Image: Mother feeding twin babies in '''football''' hold.

|
* Has twin babies.

|-
| Image: Mother is washing her hands.

Image: Mother is showing dry and clean hands.

| Always remember-

Before feeding her baby, a mother should wash and dry her hands properly.

|-
| Image: Mother drinking a glass of water.

Image: Boiling water.

Image: Cold water.

| Then she should drink a glass of boiled and cooled water.

|-
| Image: 1 litre jug filled till 750 ml with breastmilk.

|
* Lactating mothers produce 750 to 850 ml of milk per day on an average.

* Therefore, they need to increase their daily water intake.

|-
| Image: Mother is sitting on the floor in cross legged position.

| Next, let’s discuss the position of the mother.

|-
| Image: Mother is sitting on the floor in cross legged position.

Image: Mother is sitting on the bed in cross legged position.

| Mother should sit on the floor or on the bed in cross legged position.

|-
| Image: Mother is sitting on a chair with her feet flat on the ground.

Image: Mother is sitting on a chair with her feet not touching the floor.

| Or on a chair with her feet flat on the ground.

|-
| Image: Mother is sitting on a chair with her feet not touching the floor.

Image: Mother is sitting on a chair with her feet flat on a stool.

| If the chair is too high and her feet do not reach the floor then-

* she can rest her feet flat on a small stool or pillows kept on the floor.

|-
| Image: Mother sitting on the floor with a straight back.

Image: Mother is sitting on the floor with her back curved and shoulders elevated'''.'''

Image: Mother is sitting on a chair with her back straight.

Image: Mother is sitting on a chair with her feet on a stool and back straight.

Image: Mother is sitting on a chair with her back curved and shoulders elevated.

| While sitting, she should ensure that -

* Her back is straight so as to avoid back pain

|-
| Image: Mother is sitting on the floor with her back straight.

Image: Mother is sitting on the floor with her back curved and shoulders elevated.

Image: Mother is sitting on a chair with her back straight.

Image: Mother is sitting on a chair with her feet on a stool and back straight.

Image: Mother is sitting on a chair with her back curved and shoulders elevated.

|
* Her shoulders are relaxed and not elevated or curved

|-
| Image: Mother is sitting on the floor with her back straight.

Image: Mother is breastfeeding in correct football position.

Image: Mother is breastfeeding in incorrect '''football''' hold.

|
* And this relaxed position is maintained throughout the feeding session.

|-
| Image: Mother is sitting with 4 pillows positioned properly. Topmost pillow is placed diagonally over mother’s thigh and other pillows.

| The mother should keep 3 to 4 pillows on the side of the breast which she will breastfeed from.

|-
| Image: Topmost pillow is placed diagonally over other pillows and mother’s thigh.

| The topmost pillow should be placed diagonally over the other pillows and the mother’s thigh.

|-
| Image: Mother has completely removed the cloth covering her right breast.

| Then,

Mother should uncover the breast from which she wants to feed the baby.

|-
| Image: Mother has not removed bra completely.

| She should ensure not to put pressure of her bra or blouse on the breast.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby with her right hand.

| After sitting comfortably, bring the baby to the mother.

|-
| Image: Mother has placed her baby on the pillows.

| The mother should place her baby’s back on the pillows.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby with her right hand.

| She should hold her baby's head,

* using the hand on the same side of the breast that she will breastfeed from.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby with her right hand. The baby’s legs are passing through the mother’s right armpit onto the pillow.

| The baby’s legs should pass through the mother’s armpit of the same hand onto the pillow.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby with her right hand.

| The mother should rest this hand and her baby’s legs on the pillows.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby with her right hand.

| The mother in this picture will be feeding her baby from her right breast.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby with her right hand.

| Therefore, the baby’s legs pass through the mother’s right armpit.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding the baby with her right hand.

| She is using the thumb and fingers of her right hand to hold the lower part of her baby’s head.

|-
| Image: Mother is bending her back to bring the breast to the baby.

|
* Remember, the mother should never bring the breast to the baby by bending her back.

* This will make her uncomfortable and cause back pain.

|-
| Image: Mother has kept her back straight. She brings her baby to her breast.

| She should always keep her back straight and lift the baby to reach her breast.

|-
| Image: Mother’s thumb and fingers are placed behind the baby’s ears.

|
* Next, let us see the correct position of mother’s thumb and fingers for holding the baby’s head.
* Mother’s thumb should be behind one ear, and rest of the fingers behind the other ear of the baby.

|-
| Image: Mother’s thumb has slipped to the baby’s neck.

| She should not move her fingers or thumb from behind the ear to the baby’s neck.

|-
| Image: Mother’s wrist is between the baby’s shoulder blades.

| Her wrist should rest between the baby’s shoulder blades.

|-
| Image: Mother’s palm is touching the back of her baby’s head.

Image: Mother’s palm is not touching the back of her baby’s head.

|
* She should not apply pressure on the back of the baby’s head with her hand.
* This will keep the baby comfortable while feeding.

|-
| Image: '''Football''' hold.

| Next, let us learn how to position baby’s body correctly.

|-
| Image: Baby is facing the mother.

| The baby’s face should be facing the mother.

|-
| Image: Baby’s body is gently pressing against the mother’s body.

| Baby’s body should gently press against the mother’s body.

|-
| Image: Baby is near the breast.

| Lesser distance between their bodies will reduce the baby’s effort to reach the breast.

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby in '''football''' hold.

| And it will become easier for the baby to attach deeply.

|-
| Image: '''Football''' hold.

| The second point in positioning is the baby’s body alignment.

|-
| Image: An adult eating food with head-neck-body in a straight line.

| When we eat food, our head, neck and body are always in the same direction.

|-
| Image: Baby’s neck-head-body are kept in the same direction while breastfeeding in '''football''' hold.

| Similarly-

* Baby’s head, neck and body should always be in the same direction while breastfeeding.

|-
| Gif animation: Baby is swallowing milk.

| This will make swallowing milk easier for the baby.

|-
| Image: Mother is supporting baby’s full body.

| Now we come to the third point in positioning the baby’s body.

|-
| Image: Mother is supporting the full body of her baby.

| The mother should support the full body of her baby.

|-
| Image: Mother and pillows are not supporting baby’s legs.

| Otherwise the baby will have to take a lot of effort to attach deeply to the breast.

|-
| Image: Baby’s nose is in line with the nipple.

Image: Baby is deeply attached in '''football''' hold.

Image: Strong baby.

Image: Baby’s nose is not in line with the nipple.

Image: Bad attachment in '''football''' hold.

| Next, let’s look at the position of baby’s nose and chin.

* Baby’s nose should always be in line with the nipple.
* And her chin should be forward and very close to the breast.
* This will ensure that the baby takes in more of the lower part of the '''areola''' while latching.
* And therefore, will use the lower jaw to drink more milk efficiently.

|-
| Image: Breast.

| Please note-

* '''Areola''' is the dark area around the nipple.

|-
| Image: Mother is holding her breast with her right hand in a '''C''' shape hold from the side.

Image: C shape hold.

| Now that the baby is positioned correctly, let us learn how to hold the breast.

* Using the fingers of her other hand,
* the mother should cup her breast from the side in a '''C''' shape hold.
* The mother in this picture will use her left hand to hold her right breast.

|-
| Image: A clock is drawn over the right breast with its center as the nipple. Left thumb is at 12’O clock. Left index and middle finger are at 6’O clock. Thumb and fingers form a '''C''' shape.

| To understand the correct position of thumb and fingers-

* Imagine the nipple to be the center of a clock on the right breast.
* She should place her left thumb at 12’O clock position on this clock.
* While her left index finger and middle finger should be placed at 6’O clock position.

|-
| Image: Mother’s fingers are in the direction of the baby’s lips. Both are horizontal.

| The fingers should always be in the direction of the baby’s lips.

|-
| Image: Adult is holding a vada pav or burger horizontally.

Image: Adult’s fingers, holding the vada pav or burger are in the direction of her lips. Both are horizontal.

Image: Adult is taking a big bite of vada pav or burger while holding it horizontally.

Image: Adult is holding a vada pav or burger vertically.

Image: Adult’s lips are perpendicular to adult’s fingers holding vada pav or burger vertically.

Image: Adult is trying to a eat vada pav or burger while holding it vertically.

| Why?

Let’s understand this using a simple example.

* When we eat a vada pav or burger, our lips open horizontally.
* We hold the vada pav or burger horizontally to take a big bite.
* Here, the thumb and fingers are placed in the direction of the lips.
* If we hold the vada pav or burger vertically, we won’t be able to take a big bite.

|-
| Image: Mother’s fingers are in the direction of the baby’s lips. Both are horizontal.

Image: Deeply attached baby in '''football''' hold.

|
* Similarly, observe the direction of baby’s lips.
* The lips are horizontal here.
* Therefore, the fingers and thumb should also be positioned horizontally on the breast.
* This will help the baby to take a big part of the lower '''areola''' in her mouth.

|-
| Image: Mother’s fingers are holding the breast in '''C''' shape hold at a distance of 3 fingers from the nipple.

Image: Deeply attached baby in '''football''' hold.

| Apart from being in the direction of the baby’s lips,

* mother’s thumb and fingers should always be at a distance of 3 fingers from the nipple.

|-
| Image: Adult is trying to eat a vada pav or burger while holding it too close to the edge.

| Again, while eating a vada pav or burger,

* If we hold it too close, our fingers will block our mouth from taking a big bite.

|-
| Image: Adult is trying to eat a vada pav or burger while holding it too far away from the edge.

|
* If we hold it too far away, it will not be shaped correctly to fit in our mouth.

|-
| Image: Adult is holding a vada pav or burger at the right distance.

|
* Therefore, we hold it at the right distance to take a big bite.

|-
| Image: Mother’s fingers are holding the breast in a '''C''' shape hold at a distance of 3 fingers from the nipple.

|
* Similarly for the baby, the right distance is of 3 fingers from the nipple, as shown in this picture.

* This distance will ensure that-

|-
| Image: Mother’s fingers are holding the breast in '''C''' shape at a distance of 1 finger from the nipple.

Image: Poor attachment in '''football''' hold.

|

* mother’s fingers do not block the baby from taking the lower '''areola''' in her mouth

|-
| Image: Mother is pressing only the nipple in '''C''' shape and only drops of milk are coming out.

|
* Mother does not compress only the nipple which will give very little milk

|-
| Image: Mother is compressing the breast at a distance of 3 fingers from the nipple and more milk is coming out.

|
* Mother compresses the larger milk ducts beneath the '''areola''' to express more milk out

|-
| Image: Mother is holding her breast 5 fingers away from the nipple.

Image: Bad attachment in '''football''' hold.

Image: Mother’s fingers are holding the breast in a '''C''' shape hold at a distance of 3 fingers from the nipple.

Image: Deeply attached baby in '''football''' hold.

|
* And the breast is shaped correctly to help the baby attach deeply.

|-
| Image: Mother’s thumb is on the upper side of the breast.

| Remember-

* Mother’s thumb should be on the upper side of the breast.

|-
| Image: Mother’s 2 fingers are on the lower side of the breast.

|
* And her 2 fingers should be on the lower side of the breast, as shown in this picture.

|-
| Image: Uncompressed vada pav or burger.

Image: Compressed vada pav or burger.

|
* Let’s go back to the example of vada pav or burger.
* After holding the vada pav or burger correctly, we always compress it to take a big bite.

|-
| Image: Compression of breast in '''C''' shape hold from the side.

Image: Deeply attached baby in '''football''' hold.

|
* Similarly, the mother should lightly compress her breast in a '''C''' shape hold from the side.

* This will help the baby to take a big part of the breast in her mouth.

|-
| Image: Compression of breast in a scissor shape hold from the side.

| But remember,

* Mother should not compress her breast in a scissor shape hold.
* Scissor shape compression will pinch the breast and cause nipple feeding.

|-
| Image: Equal compression of breast with the thumb and fingers.

Image: Unequal compression of breast in the upward direction.

Image: Unequal compression of breast in the downward direction.

|
* Also make sure that
* there is equal compression of the breast with the thumb and the fingers.

* Otherwise, the nipple will shift
* either in the upward or downward direction and lead to poor attachment.

|-
| Image: '''Football''' hold in the side-facing position.

|
* Sometimes, the mother might prefer to hold her baby in a different position.

* In this picture, the baby is not facing the mother.

|-
| Image: '''Football''' hold in the side-facing position.

| Baby’s head is brought towards the breast from the side of the breast and not from below.

|-
| Image: Mother’s fingers are in the direction of the baby’s lips. Both are vertical.

|
* Baby’s lips are vertical here.

* Therefore, the mother should position her fingers vertically on the breast in a '''U''' shape hold.

|-
| Image: Mother’s fingers are in the direction of the baby’s lips. Both are vertical.

Image: Mother’s fingers are in the direction of the baby’s lips. Both are horizontal.

| Remember,

For any breastfeeding position mother’s fingers and thumb-

holding the breast, should always be in the direction of the baby’s lips.

|-
| Image: '''Football''' hold.

| Now, the baby is in '''football''' hold and ready to latch on for breastfeeding.

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby in '''football''' hold.

Image: Baby is attached only to the nipple in '''football''' hold.

| The correct latching technique is explained in another tutorial in the same series.

|-
| Image: Mother’s left hand is kept free while breastfeeding in '''football''' hold.

Image: Mother with big breasts is still holding her breast while the baby is breastfeeding.

|
* Once the baby is latched on correctly and if the breast is not too big and heavy then-
* the mother can release the breast from her hand and keep that hand free.

* This brings us to the end of this tutorial.

|-
| Image: 5 breastfeeding holds- cross cradle, football, cradle, laid back and side lying hold.

Image: Mother is washing her hands.

Image: '''Football''' hold.

| In this tutorial we learnt about,

* Choosing the correct breastfeeding hold for a mother and her baby
* Mother’s preparation before breastfeeding and
* Step-by-step procedure for '''football''' hold.

|-
| Image: Spoken tutorial logo

Image: IIT Bombay logo

| This tutorial has been contributed by

* the '''Spoken Tutorial''' Project, '''IIT Bombay.'''

|-
| Image: NMEICT logo.

Image: MHRD, Government of India logo.

http://spoken-tutorial.org

| '''Spoken Tutorial '''Project is funded by''' NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India.'''

More information on this mission is available at this link.

|-
| Image: '''WHEELS Global Foundation logo'''.

| This tutorial is partly funded by a generous contribution from '''WHEELS Global Foundation'''.

|-
| Image: '''Maa aur Shishu Poshan''' project logo.

| This tutorial is a part of '''Maa aur Shishu Poshan''' project.

The domain reviewer for this tutorial is '''Dr. Rupal Dalal''', MD Pediatrics.

This is dietitian '''Tasneem Shaikh''' along with animator '''Shital Joshi''' from''' IIT Bombay '''signing off.

Thank you for joining.

|}

Health-and-Nutrition/C2/Breastfeeding-latching/English

2018-02-28T07:07:32Z

Tasneemiitb: Created page with "{|border=1 | <center>Visual Cue</center> | <center>Narration</center> |- |'''Slide Number 1''' '''Title Slide''' | Welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on '''Breastfeeding..."

{|border=1
| <center>Visual Cue</center>
| <center>Narration</center>

|-
|'''Slide Number 1'''

'''Title Slide'''

| Welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on '''Breastfeeding Latching '''

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby in '''cross cradle''' hold.

Image: Mother breastfeeding her baby in '''cross cradle''' hold.

| In this tutorial we will learn about,

* Correct latching technique for deep attachment of the baby to the breast and
* Breastfeeding frequency.

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby in '''cross cradle''' hold.

| Before we begin, please note that-

* for effective breastfeeding, correct latching is most important.

|-
| Image: Poor attachment of the baby to the breast in '''cross cradle''' hold.

| Poor attachment of the baby’s mouth to the breast will allow only nipple feeding.

|-
| Image: Expression of milk from the nipple. A drop of milk comes out.

Image: Weak baby.

| This will give very little milk to the baby.

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby in '''cross cradle''' position.

Image: Breastmilk expression with mother’s fingers at 3 finger distance from the nipple. More milk comes out of the breast.

Image: Healthy baby.

| Whereas deep attachment of the baby to the lower part of the '''areola''' of the breast,

* will give sufficient milk to the baby.

|-
| Image: Breast.

| Please note-

* '''Areola''' is the dark area around the nipple.

|-
| Image: '''cross cradle''' hold

| Let us begin.

To start with, the mother should hold her baby in a suitable breastfeeding hold.

|-
| Image: 5 breastfeeding holds- '''cross cradle''' hold, Cradle hold, football hold, side-lying hold and laid-back hold.

| These holds are explained in detail in other videos of the same series.

|-
| Image: '''cross cradle''' hold.

| This tutorial will be explained using the '''cross cradle''' hold.

|-
| Image: '''cross cradle''' hold.

Image: Deeply attached baby in '''cross cradle''' hold.

Image: Incorrect '''cross cradle''' hold.

Image: Poor attachment of baby to the breast in '''cross cradle''' hold.

| Remember,

Positioning the baby correctly is necessary for successful latching and breastfeeding.

|-
| Image: '''cross cradle''' hold.

| In this picture, the mother is holding the baby correctly in the '''cross cradle''' hold.

|-
| Image: Baby’s nose is in line with the nipple.

| And the baby is ready to latch on for breastfeeding.

|-
| Image: Baby’s mouth is wide open like a yawn.

Image: Baby’s mouth is not open widely.

| Before latching-

It is important that the baby opens her mouth widely like a yawn.

|-
| Image: An adult ready to eat a vada pav or burger by holding it horizontally.

| Why?

Let’s understand this, by looking at an adult eating vada pav or burger.

|-
| Image: Adult’s mouth is wide open as she is ready to take a big bite of the vada pav or burger.

Image: Adult’s mouth is not open completely while she is trying to eat a vada pav or burger.

| We open our mouth wide to take a big bite of the vada pav or burger.

|-
| Image: Baby’s mouth is not open widely which leads to poor attachment later.

Image: Baby’s mouth is wide open like yawn which leads to deep attachment later.

| Similarly-

A wide open mouth will help the baby to take a big part of the breast in her mouth.

|-
| Image: Baby’s mouth is wide open like a yawn.

Image: Mother is brushing her nipple against baby’s upper lip.

| To encourage the baby to open her mouth widely-

*Mother should lightly brush her nipple against baby’s upper lip till she opens her mouth widely.

|-
| Image: Clock highlighting 2 minutes.

Image: Baby’s mouth is wide open like a yawn.

|
* Be patient.

* Sometimes, it may take a few seconds to 2 minutes for the baby to open her mouth widely.

|-
| Image: Baby’s lips are parallel to the mother’s fingers.

| Remember,

For any breastfeeding position-

* mother’s fingers and thumb, holding the breast, should always be parallel to the baby’s lips.

|-
| Image: Baby’s lower lip is at the base of the '''areola''' and mother’s nipple is aimed towards top of the baby’s mouth.

| When the baby opens her mouth widely,

* her lower lip should be at the base of the '''areola'''
* And the nipple should be aimed towards the top of her mouth and not the middle of the mouth.

|-
| Image: Mother is putting her breast inside baby’s wide open mouth.

| Now,

* Mother should quickly put her breast in the baby’s mouth.
* She should press the baby’s chin into the breast first by slightly bending baby’s head outwards.

|-
| Image: Mother bends her back and brings her breast to the baby.

Image: Mother sits straight and gently lifts the baby towards the breast by pushing from behind the baby’s shoulders.

|
* She should not bend her back or push her breast to reach the baby’s mouth.
* Bring the baby to the breast by a gentle push from behind the baby’s shoulders.

|-
| Image: Baby is deeply attached to the breast. Lower part of the '''areola''' is inside the baby’s mouth.

|
* The most important point in latching is that-
* Lower part of the mother’s aerola should be in the baby’s mouth.
* This will help the nipple to reach a comfortable area in the baby’s mouth.

|-
| Image: Baby is deeply attached to the breast. Baby’s tongue is pressed against the part of '''areola''' near her lower lip.

|
* Baby should be pressing her tongue against the part of the '''areola''' near her lower lip.

|-
| Image: Baby is deeply attached to the breast. Baby is compressing the large milk ducts beneath the '''areola''' and more milk is coming out in the baby’s mouth.

Image: Baby is attached to the nipple. Nipple is pressed against the hard roof of the baby’s mouth.

|
* This will compress the larger milk ducts and more milk will come out.

|-
| Image: Baby is deeply attached to the breast.

|
* Next step is to check whether the baby is attached deeply to the breast.

|-
| Image: Baby is deeply attached to the breast. Baby’s mouth is wide open.

| To ensure deep attachment, mother should look for the following signs:

* Baby’s mouth is wide open

|-
| Image: The part of the '''areola''' visible near a deeply attached baby’s upper lip is more than that near the lower lip.

|
* The part of the '''areola''' visible near the baby’s upper lip is more than that near the lower lip.

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby’s chin is completely embedded into the mother’s breast.

|
* Baby’s lower chin is completely embedded into the mother’s breast.

|-
| Gif animation: Deeply attached baby’s jaw drops distinctly as she swallows.

|
* Baby’s jaw drops distinctly as she swallows milk.

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby’s lower lip is curled outwards and embedded into the breast.

|
* And the baby’s lower lip is curled in the outward direction.

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby’s lower lip is embedded into the breast.

|
* Although, it mostly gets hidden in the breast in a very well attached baby.

|-
| Image: Mother lightly presses the breast near the lower lip of a deeply attached baby. Baby’s lower lip is curled in the outward direction.

|
* In such cases, lightly press the breast near the lower lip of the baby.

* And check if the baby’s lower lip is curled in the outward direction.

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby’s nose is pressed into mother’s breast.

| Next, look at the baby’s nose.

* If the baby’s nose is pressed against mother’s breast, then-

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby’s head is bent slightly outwards and nose is free.

|
* mother can bend baby’s head slightly outwards
* so that the baby’s chin is pushed further into the breast,
* And the baby’s nose and forehead are pulled away from the breast.
* Doing so, will deepen the baby’s attachment to the breast.

|-
| Image: Mother is pulling her deeply attached baby’s entire face away from the breast.

|
* Do not pull baby’s entire face away from the breast.

|-
| Image: Poorly attached baby in '''cross cradle''' position.

|
* This can cause nipple feeding.

|-
| Image: Mother is breastfeeding in the '''cross cradle''' hold and smiling.

| Remember-

Breastfeeding should be comfortable for the mother.

|-
| Image: Mother painfully feeding her poorly latched baby in '''cross cradle''' hold.

Image: Baby pulling the mother’s nipple.

|
* She should not feel pinching, pulling, or rubbing on her nipple.
* If breastfeeding is painful for the mother, then the baby is probably not well attached.

|-
| Image: Mother pinches her '''areola''' to put the nipple in the middle of the baby’s mouth.

| Let’s look at one of the common reasons for poor attachment.

* Many mothers pinch their '''areola''' to put only the nipple in the middle of the baby’s mouth.
* Here, the baby’s mouth is not wide open.

|-
| Image: Baby is nipple feeding.

|
* Baby gets attached only to the nipple.
* Here, an equal part of the '''areola''' is seen near the upper and lower lip of the baby.
* Baby’s chin is off the breast.

|-
| Gif animation: Fast sucking pattern of a poorly attached baby.

| Baby has a continuous fast sucking pattern of drinking milk.

|-
| Gif animation: Poorly attached baby’s cheeks dimple as she sucks milk.

| While sucking,

* Baby’s cheeks dimple,

|-
| Gif animation: Poorly attached baby’s jaw does not drop distinctly as she swallows.

|
* Her jaw does not drop distinctly as she swallows milk,

|-
| Image: Nipple is pressed against the hard roof of a poorly attached baby’s mouth.

|
* And the nipple gets pinched and pressed against the hard part of the baby’s mouth.

|-
| Image: Red, pointed and injured nipple.

| This is painful for the mother and may injure the nipple.

|-
| Image: Poorly attached baby is unable to get more milk from the larger milk ducts beneath the '''areola'''.

| Also, during nipple-feeding, baby cannot get milk from the larger milk ducts beneath the '''areola'''.

|-
| Image: Weak baby.

| Therefore, the baby doesn’t get sufficient milk.

|-
| Image: Baby nipple feeding in '''cross cradle''' hold.

Image: Mother puts her little finger in the corner of her poorly attached baby’s mouth.

Image: '''cross cradle''' hold.

Image: Deeply attached baby in '''cross cradle''' hold.

| If the baby is feeding only from the nipple then,

* Mother should put her clean little finger inside the corner of the baby’s mouth.

* She should use it to release the baby’s pull on her nipple.

* Then she should re-attach the baby on the same breast ensuring a good latch.

|-
| Image: Foremilk.

Image: Hindmilk.

Image: Foremilk stored in the front part of the breast.

Image: Hind milk stored in the back part of the breast.

| After proper latching-

mother should ensure that the baby gets both foremilk and hindmilk adequately.

|-
| Image: Foremilk

Image: Foremilk stored in the front part of the breast.

|
* Foremilk is the watery milk stored in the front part of the breast.

|-
| Image: Drops of water.

Image: Protein.

|
* It is made up of water and protein.

|-
| Image: Strong baby.

|
* It is necessary for baby’s growth and for making the baby strong.

|-
|Image: Hindmilk.

Image: Hindmilk in the back part of the breast.

|
* Hind milk is the thick milk stored in the back part of the breast.

|-
| Image: Fat droplets.

|
* It is mainly made up of fats.

|-
| Image: Baby’s brain.

Image: Baby’s growth.

|
* It is necessary for baby’s brain development and weight gain.

|-
| Image: Foremilk.

Image: Hindmilk.

Image: Empty breast and breast full of milk.

| To ensure that the baby gets both foremilk and hindmilk-

* mother should feed the baby from one breast completely before offering the other breast.

|-
| Image: Mother is expressing milk from her right breast in a '''U''' shape hold.

Image: Mother is expressing milk from her right breast in a '''C''' shape hold.

| To check whether she has fed the baby from one breast completely -

* mother should express milk from that breast with her hand.

|-
| Image: Thin watery foremilk coming out of the breast on hand expression.

| If thin watery milk comes out of the breast,

|-
| Image: Thick hindmilk coming out of the breast on hand expression.

| Or if there is good flow of thick hindmilk on expression

|-
| Image: Mother breastfeeding from her right breast in '''cross cradle''' hold.

| Then,

Mother should re-attach her baby to the same breast.

|-
| Image: Few drops of thick hind milk coming out on hand expression.

| When the flow of thick hindmilk reduces to a few drops on expression with hand,

|-
| Image: Empty breast.

| It means that mother has fed the baby from that breast completely.

|-
| Image: Mother is offering her left breast to the baby for breastfeeding.

| But, before offering the other breast,

|-
| Image: Baby is sitting on the mother’s lap with mother’s support.

| Mother should encourage the baby to burp by-

* making the baby sit on her lap
* Then, slightly bending the baby’s torso forward

|-
| Image: Mother is cupping the baby’s jaw with her hand.

|
* And cupping the baby’s jaw with her hand.

|-
| Image: Baby burps.

Image: Clock to highlight 3 minutes.

| Baby should burp within 2 to 3 minutes.

|-
| Image: Clock to highlight 5 minutes.

|
* If there is no burp in the next 5 minutes,

|-
| Image: Baby is deeply attached in '''cross cradle''' hold.

|
* It means that the attachment of the baby to the breast was very good.
* The baby has not taken in excess air in her stomach while feeding.

|-
| Image: Mother is offering her left breast to the baby in '''cross cradle''' hold.

| Now, the mother should offer her other breast to the baby.

|-
| Image: Baby is turning her head away and bringing her hands in between the breast and her head.

|
* If baby’s stomach is full, she may not feed from the other breast.

|-
| Image: Mother is offering right breast and left breast to the baby.

|
* But mother should always offer both breasts to the baby for feeding.
* She should let the baby make the final decision.

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby is sleeping in '''cross cradle''' hold.

| If baby goes to sleep while breastfeeding, mother should wake her up by-

|-
| Image: Mother is tapping on the sole of the baby’s feet.

|
* Gently tapping the sole of the baby’s feet

|-
| Image: Mother is tickling the baby’s back.

|
* or gently tickling the baby’s back

|-
| Image: Baby’s sitting position during burping.

|
* Or by making the baby sit in the position shown for burping.

|-
| Image: Mother breastfeeding her baby during the day.

Image: Mother breastfeeding her baby during the night.

|
* Along with the right technique, breastfeeding frequency is also important.
* Mother should breastfeed her baby at least 12 times in 24 hours.
* Out of which she must breastfeed at least 2 to 3 times in the night.

|-
| Image: Baby is stirring.

|
* To offer breast milk to the baby, mother should look for baby’s hunger signals like-

* Stirring

|-
| Image: Baby opens her mouth.

|
* Mouth opening

|-
| Image: Baby turns her head to one side.

|
* Head turning

|-
| Image: Baby brings her hand to her mouth.

|
* Bringing her hand to mouth

|-
| Image: Baby sucks fingers.

|
* Sucking fingers

|-
| Image: Baby is stretching.

|
* And stretching her body.

|-
| Image: Baby is crying.

|
* If the baby starts crying for breast milk, then it means that it is too late.

|-
| Image: 2 weeks old baby

Image: 6 weeks old baby

Image: 3 months old baby

| Please note-

* there is a rapid increase in the baby’s growth around 2 weeks, 6 weeks and 3 months of age.

* And the baby will require more milk.

* Also, mother’s breast milk output will increase if the baby is fed more frequently.

* Therefore, mother should feed more often during such rapid growth periods.

|-
| Image: Mother breastfeeding in '''cross cradle''' hold.

Image: Strong baby.

| Remember-

* Breast milk is the best nutrition for the baby for the first 6 months of life.

|-
| Image: Deeply attached baby in '''cross cradle''' hold.

|
* And good attachment is the key to successful breastfeeding.

|-
|Image: Deeply attached baby in '''cross cradle''' hold.

Image: Mother breastfeeding her baby in '''cross cradle''' hold.

| This brings us to the end of this tutorial.

In this tutorial we learnt about,

* Correct latching technique for deep attachment of the baby to the breast
* And breastfeeding frequency.

|-
| Image: Spoken tutorial logo.

Image: IIT Bombay logo.

| This tutorial has been contributed by the '''Spoken Tutorial''' project, '''IIT Bombay'''.

|-
| Image: NMEICT Logo.

Image: MHRD, Government of India logo.

http://spoken-tutorial.org

| '''Spoken Tutorial''' project is funded by '''NMEICT, MHRD, Government of India.'''

More information on this mission is available at this link.

|-
| Image: WHEELS Global Foundation Logo.

| This tutorial is partly funded by a generous contribution from '''WHEELS Global Foundation'''.

|-
| Image: Maa aur Shishu Poshan Project logo.

| This tutorial is a part of '''Maa aur Shishu Poshan''' project.

The domain reviewer for this tutorial is '''Dr. Rupal Dalal''', MD Pediatrics.

This is dietitian '''Tasneem Shaikh''' along with animator '''Shital Joshi''' from''' IIT Bombay''' signing off.

Thank you for joining.

|}

Digital-Divide/C2/Hydration-in-Summer-for-Adults/English

2017-08-31T10:35:11Z

{|border=1

| <center>Visual Cue</center>

|<center>Narration</center>

|-
|'''Slide Number 1'''

'''Title Slide'''
| Welcome to the '''Spoken Tutorial''' on '''Hydration in Summer '''for Adults

|-
| '''Slide Number 2'''

'''Learning Objectives'''
| In this tutorial we will learn to,

* Check '''hydration''' status in adults
* '''Drink''' '''water''' throughout the day
* Hydrate through food and '''drinks'''
* Identify '''Dehydrating agents'''

|-
| '''Slide Number 3'''

Common Questions

* Image: 8 glasses of water 

* Image: Jug of water

* Image: Thirsty boy
| Let us start with some common questions regarding '''hydration'''

* Are 8 glasses of '''water''' enough to stay hydrated? 

* Or does one need 2 to 3 liters of '''water''' daily? 

* Or should one '''drink''' only when thirsty?

|-
| '''Slide Number 4'''

'''Hydration '''Status

The answer to such doubts can be found in the urine color

* Image: Urine color scale

| The answer to such doubts can be found in the urine color

* Clear urine is an indicator of good '''hydration '''status
* If it is yellowish then the person is dehydrated

|-
| '''Slide Number 5'''

Strategies to '''Drink Water'''

* Image: Keep water nearby 

* Image: Water with activities
| Next, let's learn some strategies to '''drink water''' throughout the day

* Keep a bottle of '''water''' nearby to have easy access to clean '''water'''
* Associate drinking '''water''' with daily activities

|-
| '''Slide Number 6'''

Strategies to '''Drink Water'''

Image: After waking up
| Let’s look at some examples

One can '''drink water'''-

After waking up

|-
| '''Slide Number 7'''

Strategies to '''Drink Water'''

Image: Before each meal and in between 2 meals
|Before each meal and in between 2 meals

|-
| '''Slide Number 8'''

Strategies to '''Drink Water'''

Image: During exercise
|During exercise in sips. Do not gulp

|-
| '''Slide Number 9'''

Strategies to '''Drink Water'''

Image: Before and after brushing teeth

|Before and after brushing teeth

|-
| '''Slide Number 10'''

Strategies to '''Drink Water'''

Image: Before and after taking a bath
|Before and after taking a bath

|-
| '''Slide Number 11'''

Strategies to '''Drink Water'''

Image: Before and after going to the toilet
|Before and after going to the toilet

|-
| '''Slide Number 12'''

Strategies to '''Drink Water'''

Image: Before going out and after coming home
|And lastly, before going out and after coming home

These strategies help in increasing one's daily '''water''' intake

|-
| '''Slide Number 13'''

'''Hydration''' through Food and '''Drinks'''

During '''summer''', seasonal fruits and vegetables have high '''water''' content

Image: Seasonal fruits and vegetables
|
* Apart from drinking '''water''', one can also hydrate through food and '''drinks'''

* During '''summer''', seasonal vegetables and fruits have high '''water''' content

* Eating '''water''' containing foods helps in '''hydration'''

|-
| '''Slide Number 14'''

'''Hydration''' through Food and '''Drinks'''

'''Water''' containing fruits and vegetables

Image: Bottle gourd

Image: Cucumber

Image: Tomatoes
|Consume fresh seasonal fruits and vegetables like

* bottle gourd,

* cucumber, 

* tomatoes,

|-
| '''Slide Number 15'''

'''Hydration''' through Food and '''Drinks'''

'''Water '''containing fruits and vegetables

Image: watermelon

Image: Muskmelon

Image: Papaya
|
* watermelon,

* muskmelon, 

* papaya,

|-
| '''Slide Number 16'''

'''Hydration''' through Food and '''Drinks'''

'''Water '''containing fruits and vegetables

Image: Pomegranate

Image: Oranges
|
* pomegranate, 

* oranges, etc.

|-
| '''Slide Number 17'''

'''Hydration '''through''' '''Food''' '''and''' Drinks'''

'''Drinks''' made using plain '''water'''

Image: lemonade
| In addition to these foods, drinks can also help in '''hydration'''

Use plain '''water''' to make various drinks like

* Lemonade

|-
| '''Slide Number 18'''

'''Hydration''' through Food and '''Drinks'''

'''Drinks '''made using plain''' water'''

Image: Kokum sherbet

Image: Gulkand sherbet
|
* Kokum sherbet

* Gulkand sherbet

|-
| '''Slide Number 19'''

'''Hydration''' through Food and '''Drinks'''

'''Drinks '''made using plain''' water'''

Image: Buttermilk

Image: Herbal teas
|
* Buttermilk

* Herbal teas like ginger-lemon, tulsi-bael, etc 

|-
| '''Slide Number 20'''

'''Hydration''' through Food and '''Drinks'''

'''Drinks '''made using plain''' water'''

Image: Flavored water
|
* Flavored '''water''' with saunf, ajwain, cucumber, mint, ginger or fruits 

These '''drinks''' help to restore electrolyte balance after excessive sweat loss

|-
| '''Slide Number 21'''

'''Hydration''' through Food and''' Drinks'''

Natural fluids like

Image: Coconut water

Image: Milk
| Also consume natural ﬂuids like

* Coconut '''water''' 

* and milk

So far, we have learnt to hydrate through various foods and '''drinks'''

|-
| '''Slide Number 22'''

'''Dehydrating Agents'''

Image: Tea and coffee

Image: Alcohol
| But avoiding '''dehydrating agents''' is equally important

Limit the consumption of '''dehydrating agents''' like

* Tea and coﬀee 

* Alcohol

|-
| '''Slide Number 23'''

'''Dehydrating Agents'''

Image: Fried food

Image: Soft drinks
|
* Fried food and salty food from food outlets

* Aerated '''drinks''' and soft '''drinks'''

|-
| '''Slide Number 24'''

'''Dehydrating Agents'''

Image: Processed food

|
* Processed, packaged and reﬁned food

This brings us to the end of this tutorial on '''Hydration''' in '''Summer '''for adults

|-
| '''Slide Number 25'''

Summary

On slide
| In this tutorial, we learnt to

* Check '''hydration''' status in adults
* Drink '''water''' throughout the day using activity cues
* Hydrate through food and '''drinks'''
* Identify '''dehydrating agents'''

|-
| '''Slide Number 26'''

About the '''Spoken Tutorial '''Project

'''http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial'''

|
* Watch the video available at the following link
* It summarizes the '''Spoken Tutorial''' project
* If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it

|-
| '''Slide Number 27'''

'''Spoken Tutorial '''Workshops
| The '''Spoken Tutorial''' Project Team

* Conducts workshops using '''Spoken Tutorials'''
* Give certiﬁcates to those who pass an online test
* For more details, please write to [mailto:contact@spoken-tutorial.org contact@spoken-tutorial.org]

|-
| '''Slide Number 28'''

'''Acknowledgement'''

http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro
| '''Spoken Tutorial''' Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project
* It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India
* More information on this Mission is available at the following link

|-
|
| This is Tasneem Shaikh, from IIT Bombay, signing off. Thank you for watching.

|}