Difference between revisions of "KTurtle/C2/Introduction-to-KTurtle/English"
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| − | + | Title of the tutorial: Introduction-to-KTurtle | |
| − | + | Author: ITfC Bangaluru | |
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| + | Key words: KTurtle Window, Editor, Canvas, Menu Bar, Toolbar, TurtleScript, Turtle, Full speed(No highlighting and inspector), Full speed, Slow, Slower, Slowest and Step-by-Step, Abort, pause, Video tutorial. | ||
| + | |||
| + | {|border =1 | ||
| + | !Visual Cue | ||
| + | !Narration | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | ||'''Slide Number 1''' |
| − | + | ||
| + | '''Title slide''' | ||
| + | ||Hello everybody. | ||
| − | Welcome to | + | Welcome to this tutorial on '''Introduction to KTurtle.''' |
| + | In this tutorial I will introduce you to the basics of getting started with '''KTurtle.''' | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ||Slide number2 | ||
| − | In this tutorial | + | '''Learning objectives''' |
| + | ||In this tutorial, we will learn about | ||
| − | + | * KTurtle Window | |
| − | + | ||
| − | + | * Editor | |
| − | + | ||
| + | * Canvas | ||
| − | + | * Menu Bar | |
| + | * Toolbar | ||
| − | + | We will also learn about, | |
| − | + | ||
| + | * Moving the '''Turtle''' | ||
| + | * Drawing '''lines and changing directions''' | ||
| + | * Draw a '''triangle''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | ||'''Slide Number 3''' |
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| + | '''System Requirement''' | ||
| + | ||To record this tutorial I am using | ||
| + | Ubuntu Linux OS version. 12.04. | ||
| + | KTurtle version. 0.8.1 beta. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | ||Slide Number 4 |
| − | + | What is KTurtle? | |
| − | | | + | ||What is KTurtle? |
| − | + | '''KTurtle''' is a '''free tool''' to learn basic programming. | |
| − | + | ||
| + | It is useful for '''computer aided interactive learning''' | ||
| + | '''KTurtle''' is available for download at | ||
| + | '''http://edu.kde.org/kturtle/''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | ||Slide Number 5 |
| − | + | ||
| + | Utilities of KTurtle | ||
| + | ||KTurtle | ||
| − | + | * Makes programming '''easy''' and '''accessible .''' | |
| + | * Helps teach kids '''basics of mathematics.''' | ||
| − | + | * Translates commands to '''speaking language''' of the programmer | |
| + | * Translates commands into '''visuals.''' | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ||Slide Number 6 | ||
| + | Install KTurtle | ||
| + | ||* We can install '''KTurtle''' using '''Synaptic Package Manager .''' | ||
| − | + | * for more information on '''Synaptic Package Manager | |
| + | ''' | ||
| + | * please refer to '''Ubuntu Linux''' tutorials on our website | ||
| + | '''http://spoken-tutorial.org''' | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ||Switch to KTurtle Application | ||
| − | + | Dash home >>In the Search bar>> | |
| + | Type KTurtle Click on the KTurtle icon. | ||
| + | ||Let's open a new '''KTurtle''' Application. | ||
| − | + | Click on '''Dash home'''. | |
| − | + | In the Search bar, type '''KTurtle.''' | |
| + | And Click on the '''KTurtle''' icon. | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | || | ||
| + | Switch to KTurtle Application | ||
| − | + | Move the mouse over the window | |
| + | ||A typical KTurtle window looks like this. | ||
| + | This is the '''Menubar'''. | ||
| − | + | In the menu bar on the top, | |
| + | You will find menu items | ||
| − | and | + | '''File, Edit, Canvas, Run, Tools, Settings''' and '''help''' options |
| + | |- | ||
| + | ||Tool bar | ||
| + | ||In the tool bar, you can reach for most of the actions used. | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ||Editor | ||
| + | ||'''Editor''' is on the left, where you can type the '''TurtleScript''' commands. | ||
| + | Most of the functions of the editor can be found in the '''File''' and '''Edit''' menus. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | ||How to write code in the editor |
| + | ||There are several ways to enter the code in the editor. | ||
| − | + | Easiest way is to use an example. | |
| − | + | ||
| + | Go to '''File''' menu > select '''Examples''' | ||
| − | + | Here I will select a '''flower''' | |
| + | Code of the selected example opens in the editor. | ||
| − | ''' | + | Click on the '''Run''' button from '''Menu bar''' or ''' Tool bar''' to run the code. |
| + | Another way is to directly type your own code in the editor | ||
| − | + | or copy/paste some code in the editor | |
| + | for example: from other '''KTurtle''' files | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | ||Show the Canvas |
| + | ||Canvas is on the right, where '''Turtle''' makes your drawings. | ||
| + | '''Turtle''' draws accordingly to the commands it gets from the editor on the canvas | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ||Run options. | ||
| + | ||'''Run''' option on the tool bar starts ''' execution''' of the commands in the editor. | ||
| − | + | It presents a list of execution speeds. | |
| − | + | ||
| + | '''Full speed(No highlighting and inspector),''' | ||
| − | + | '''Full speed,''' | |
| + | '''Slow,''' | ||
| − | + | '''Slower,''' | |
| + | '''Slowest''' and | ||
| − | + | '''Step-by-Step''' | |
| + | '''Abort''' and '''pause''' options allow you to stop and pause the executions respectively. | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | || | ||
| + | ||Let's now '''Run''' this code . | ||
| − | + | '''Turtle''' draws a '''flower''' on the canvas. | |
| + | |- | ||
| + | ||Show position of the Turtle | ||
| + | ||When you open a new '''KTurtle''' application. | ||
| + | '''Turtle''' is in the middle of the canvas by '''default.''' | ||
| − | + | Let's now move the '''Turtle.''' | |
| + | '''Turtle''' can do three types of moves: | ||
| − | + | It can move forwards. It can move backwards | |
| + | It can turn left or right. | ||
| − | + | It can also jump directly to a position on the screen. | |
| + | |- | ||
| + | ||Zoom text | ||
| + | ||Let me zoom into the program text it may possibly be a little blurred. | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ||Type code in the editor | ||
| + | '''reset''' | ||
| − | + | '''forward 100''' | |
| + | '''turnleft 120''' | ||
| − | + | '''forward 100''' | |
| + | '''turnleft 120''' | ||
| − | + | '''forward 100''' | |
| + | '''turnleft 120''' | ||
| + | ||Let us go through a simple example. | ||
| − | + | In your editor, type the following commands: | |
| + | '''reset ''' | ||
| − | + | '''forward 100''' | |
| + | '''turnright 120 ''' | ||
| − | + | '''forward 100''' | |
| − | + | ||
| + | '''turnright 120''' | ||
| + | '''forward 100''' | ||
| + | '''turnright 120''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | ||Highlighting |
| − | | | + | ||Note that the color of the code changes as we type . |
| + | This feature is called '''highlighting.''' | ||
| − | + | Different types of commands are highlighted differently, | |
| + | which makes it easier to read '''large blocks''' of code. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | || |
| − | | | + | ||I will explain the code now. |
| + | |- | ||
| + | ||Explanation of code | ||
| + | ||'''reset''' command sets Turtle to '''default''' position. | ||
| + | '''forward 100''' commands Turtle to move forward by '''100 pixels.''' | ||
| − | + | '''turnright 120''' commands '''Turtle''' to turn, '''120 degrees anti-clockwise'''. | |
| + | Note that these two commands are repeated thrice to draw a triangle. | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ||Run the code | ||
| + | ||Let's now execute the code. | ||
| − | ''' | + | I will choose ''' Slow''' step so that we understand what commands are being executed. |
| + | Here the triangle is drawn. | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ||“repeat” command | ||
| + | ||Let's look at another example and also learn how to beautify our canvas. | ||
| − | + | Let's draw a triangle using ''' repeat''' command. | |
| + | I will clear the current program. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | ||Zoom text |
| − | + | ||Let me zoom into the program text to have a clear view. | |
| − | + | ||
| − | | | + | |
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
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| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | ||'''reset''' |
| − | + | '''canvassize 200,200''' | |
| − | + | ||
| + | '''canvascolor 0,255,0''' | ||
| − | + | '''pencolor 0,0,255''' | |
| + | '''penwidth 2''' | ||
| − | + | '''repeat 3 {''' | |
| + | '''forward 100''' | ||
| − | + | '''turnleft 120''' | |
| + | } | ||
| + | ||Type the following commands into your editor: | ||
| − | + | '''reset''' | |
| + | '''canvassize space 200,200 ''' | ||
| − | + | '''canvascolor space 0,255,0''' | |
| + | '''pencolor space 0,0,255''' | ||
| − | + | '''penwidth space 2''' | |
| + | '''repeat''' space '''3''' within curly braces { | ||
| − | + | '''forward 100''' | |
| + | '''turnleft 120''' | ||
| + | } | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | || | ||
| + | ||Let me now explain the code. | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ||Highlight reset | ||
| + | ||'''reset''' command sets '''Turtle''' to its '''default''' position. | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ||Highlight canvassize 200,200 | ||
| + | ||'''canvassize 200,200''' sets the canvas width and height to 200 pixels. | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ||Highlight canvascolor 0,255,0 | ||
| + | ||'''canvascolor 0,255,0''' makes the canvas ''' green.''' | ||
| − | + | '''0,255,0''' is a '''RGB''' Combination where only the green value is set to '''255''' | |
| + | and the others are set to '''0'''. | ||
| + | This makes the canvas '''green''' in color. | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ||Highlight pencolor 0,0,255 | ||
| + | ||'''pencolor 0,0,255''' sets the color of pen to blue. | ||
| − | ''' | + | '''RGB''' combination where blue value is set to '''255.''' |
| − | + | |- | |
| − | + | ||Highlight penwidth 2 | |
| − | + | ||'''penwidth 2''' sets the width of the pen to 2 ''' pixels'''. | |
| − | + | |- | |
| − | + | ||Highlight repeat | |
| − | + | ||'''repeat''' command is followed by a number | |
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and a list of commands within curly brackets. | and a list of commands within curly brackets. | ||
| − | |||
This repeats the commands within the curly brackets the specified number of times. | This repeats the commands within the curly brackets the specified number of times. | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | || | ||
| + | Highlight '''forward 100''' and '''turnleft 120''' | ||
| + | ||Here the commands '''forward 100''' and '''turnleft 120''' are within curly brackets. | ||
| + | '''repeat''' command is followed by the number '''3''', because a triangle has 3 sides. | ||
| − | + | These commands are run 3 times in a '''loop'''. | |
| + | 3 sides of the triangle are drawn. | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ||Run the program | ||
| + | ||Let's Run the code now | ||
| − | + | I will select '''slow''' option for execution of the program. | |
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| + | The canvas color becomes '''green''' and the''' Turtle''' draws a triangle. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | ||Save file |
| − | | | + | ||Let's now save the file. |
| + | Select '''File''' menu > '''Save As ''' | ||
| − | + | '''Save As''' dialog box opens. | |
| + | I will select '''Document''' folder for saving the file. | ||
| − | I will | + | I will type the file name as '''Triangle''' and click on '''Save''' button. |
| + | Notice that the name of the file appears in the '''top panel''' and it is saved as a dot turtle file like all '''Turtle''' files. | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | || | ||
| + | ||With this we come to the end of this tutorial. | ||
| − | + | Let's summarize. | |
| + | |- | ||
| + | ||Slide Number | ||
| + | Summary | ||
| + | ||In this tutorial, we have learnt about, | ||
| − | + | KTurtle's '''editor, canvas, menubar''' and toolbar | |
| + | * Move Turtle | ||
| − | + | * Draw '''lines and change directions ''' | |
| + | * Draw a '''triangle''' | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ||Switch to Slide 5 | ||
| − | + | Assignment | |
| + | || | ||
| + | ASSIGNMENT | ||
| + | As an assignment I would like you to draw a '''square.''' | ||
| + | by using the commands. | ||
| − | + | * '''forward, backward, turnleft, turnright''' and '''repeat''' | |
| + | * Set '''background color''', '''penwidth''' and '''pencolor''' of your choice | ||
| − | + | * Change values in the ''' RGB''' combination | |
| − | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | ||Slide number 11 |
| − | + | Acknowledgement | |
| − | | | + | ||Watch the video available at this URL |
| + | http://spoken-tutorial.org/What is a Spoken Tutorial | ||
| − | + | It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project | |
| + | If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ||Slide Number 12 | ||
| + | ||The Spoken Tutorial Project Team : | ||
| − | + | Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials | |
| + | Gives certificates to those who pass an online test | ||
| − | + | For more details, please write to | |
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| + | '''contact@spoken-tutorial.org''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | ||Slide number 13 |
| + | ||Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project | ||
| − | + | It is supported by the National Mission on Education | |
| − | + | ||
| + | through ICT, MHRD, Government of India | ||
| − | + | More information on this Mission is available at this link | |
| + | '''http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro ] ''' | ||
| − | + | The script is contributed by '''IT for Change Bangaluru'''. | |
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| + | This is Madhuri Ganpathi from '''IIT Bombay''' signing off. | ||
| + | Thank you for joining. | ||
|- | |- | ||
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Latest revision as of 15:33, 18 December 2013
Title of the tutorial: Introduction-to-KTurtle
Author: ITfC Bangaluru
Key words: KTurtle Window, Editor, Canvas, Menu Bar, Toolbar, TurtleScript, Turtle, Full speed(No highlighting and inspector), Full speed, Slow, Slower, Slowest and Step-by-Step, Abort, pause, Video tutorial.
| Visual Cue | Narration |
|---|---|
| Slide Number 1
Title slide |
Hello everybody.
Welcome to this tutorial on Introduction to KTurtle. In this tutorial I will introduce you to the basics of getting started with KTurtle. |
| Slide number2
Learning objectives |
In this tutorial, we will learn about
We will also learn about,
|
| Slide Number 3
System Requirement |
To record this tutorial I am using
Ubuntu Linux OS version. 12.04. KTurtle version. 0.8.1 beta. |
| Slide Number 4
What is KTurtle? |
What is KTurtle?
KTurtle is a free tool to learn basic programming. It is useful for computer aided interactive learning KTurtle is available for download at |
| Slide Number 5
Utilities of KTurtle |
KTurtle
|
| Slide Number 6
Install KTurtle |
* We can install KTurtle using Synaptic Package Manager .
|
| Switch to KTurtle Application
Dash home >>In the Search bar>> Type KTurtle Click on the KTurtle icon. |
Let's open a new KTurtle Application.
Click on Dash home. In the Search bar, type KTurtle. And Click on the KTurtle icon. |
|
Switch to KTurtle Application Move the mouse over the window |
A typical KTurtle window looks like this.
This is the Menubar. In the menu bar on the top, You will find menu items File, Edit, Canvas, Run, Tools, Settings and help options |
| Tool bar | In the tool bar, you can reach for most of the actions used. |
| Editor | Editor is on the left, where you can type the TurtleScript commands.
Most of the functions of the editor can be found in the File and Edit menus. |
| How to write code in the editor | There are several ways to enter the code in the editor.
Easiest way is to use an example. Go to File menu > select Examples Here I will select a flower Code of the selected example opens in the editor. Click on the Run button from Menu bar or Tool bar to run the code. Another way is to directly type your own code in the editor or copy/paste some code in the editor for example: from other KTurtle files |
| Show the Canvas | Canvas is on the right, where Turtle makes your drawings.
Turtle draws accordingly to the commands it gets from the editor on the canvas |
| Run options. | Run option on the tool bar starts execution of the commands in the editor.
It presents a list of execution speeds. Full speed(No highlighting and inspector), Full speed, Slow, Slower, Slowest and Step-by-Step Abort and pause options allow you to stop and pause the executions respectively. |
| Let's now Run this code .
Turtle draws a flower on the canvas. | |
| Show position of the Turtle | When you open a new KTurtle application.
Turtle is in the middle of the canvas by default. Let's now move the Turtle. Turtle can do three types of moves: It can move forwards. It can move backwards It can turn left or right. It can also jump directly to a position on the screen. |
| Zoom text | Let me zoom into the program text it may possibly be a little blurred. |
| Type code in the editor
reset forward 100 turnleft 120 forward 100 turnleft 120 forward 100 turnleft 120 |
Let us go through a simple example.
In your editor, type the following commands: reset forward 100 turnright 120 forward 100 turnright 120 forward 100 turnright 120 |
| Highlighting | Note that the color of the code changes as we type .
This feature is called highlighting. Different types of commands are highlighted differently, which makes it easier to read large blocks of code. |
| I will explain the code now. | |
| Explanation of code | reset command sets Turtle to default position.
forward 100 commands Turtle to move forward by 100 pixels. turnright 120 commands Turtle to turn, 120 degrees anti-clockwise. Note that these two commands are repeated thrice to draw a triangle. |
| Run the code | Let's now execute the code.
I will choose Slow step so that we understand what commands are being executed. Here the triangle is drawn. |
| “repeat” command | Let's look at another example and also learn how to beautify our canvas.
Let's draw a triangle using repeat command. I will clear the current program. |
| Zoom text | Let me zoom into the program text to have a clear view. |
| reset
canvassize 200,200 canvascolor 0,255,0 pencolor 0,0,255 penwidth 2 repeat 3 { forward 100 turnleft 120 } |
Type the following commands into your editor:
reset canvassize space 200,200 canvascolor space 0,255,0 pencolor space 0,0,255 penwidth space 2 repeat space 3 within curly braces { forward 100 turnleft 120 } |
| Let me now explain the code. | |
| Highlight reset | reset command sets Turtle to its default position. |
| Highlight canvassize 200,200 | canvassize 200,200 sets the canvas width and height to 200 pixels. |
| Highlight canvascolor 0,255,0 | canvascolor 0,255,0 makes the canvas green.
0,255,0 is a RGB Combination where only the green value is set to 255 and the others are set to 0. This makes the canvas green in color. |
| Highlight pencolor 0,0,255 | pencolor 0,0,255 sets the color of pen to blue.
RGB combination where blue value is set to 255. |
| Highlight penwidth 2 | penwidth 2 sets the width of the pen to 2 pixels. |
| Highlight repeat | repeat command is followed by a number
and a list of commands within curly brackets. This repeats the commands within the curly brackets the specified number of times. |
|
Highlight forward 100 and turnleft 120 |
Here the commands forward 100 and turnleft 120 are within curly brackets.
repeat command is followed by the number 3, because a triangle has 3 sides. These commands are run 3 times in a loop. 3 sides of the triangle are drawn. |
| Run the program | Let's Run the code now
I will select slow option for execution of the program. The canvas color becomes green and the Turtle draws a triangle. |
| Save file | Let's now save the file.
Select File menu > Save As Save As dialog box opens. I will select Document folder for saving the file. I will type the file name as Triangle and click on Save button. Notice that the name of the file appears in the top panel and it is saved as a dot turtle file like all Turtle files. |
| With this we come to the end of this tutorial.
Let's summarize. | |
| Slide Number
Summary |
In this tutorial, we have learnt about,
KTurtle's editor, canvas, menubar and toolbar
|
| Switch to Slide 5
Assignment |
ASSIGNMENT As an assignment I would like you to draw a square. by using the commands.
|
| Slide number 11
Acknowledgement |
Watch the video available at this URL
http://spoken-tutorial.org/What is a Spoken Tutorial It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it |
| Slide Number 12 | The Spoken Tutorial Project Team :
Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials Gives certificates to those who pass an online test For more details, please write to contact@spoken-tutorial.org |
| Slide number 13 | Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project
It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India More information on this Mission is available at this link http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro ] The script is contributed by IT for Change Bangaluru. This is Madhuri Ganpathi from IIT Bombay signing off. Thank you for joining. |
