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{| border=1
 
{| border=1
|| Time
+
|| '''Time'''
|| Narration
+
|| '''Narration'''
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 00:02
 
| 00:02
| Welcome to the spoken tutorial on '''If else constructs '''in java.  
+
| Welcome to the spoken tutorial on '''If else constructs''' in java.  
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 00:07
+
| 00:07
| In this tutorial we will learn:
+
| In this tutorial, we will learn:
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 00:09
+
| 00:09
| * About conditional statements
+
| About '''conditional statements'''
 +
 
 
|-
 
|-
| 00:11  
+
| 00:11  
| *  types of conditional statements and
+
| Types of '''conditional statements''' and
 +
 
 
|-
 
|-
| 00:13  
+
| 00:13  
| * How to use conditional statements in Java programs
+
| How to use '''conditional statements''' in Java programs.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  00:18
 
|  00:18
|  For this tutorial we are using:
+
|  For this tutorial, we are using:
 +
'''Ubuntu v 11.10'''
  
Ubuntu v 11.10
+
'''JDK 1.6'''  and
  
JDK 1.6  and
+
'''Eclipse 3.7.0.'''
 
+
Eclipse 3.7.0  
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 00:27
 
| 00:27
| To follow this tutorial you should have knowledge of using  
+
| To follow this tutorial, you should have knowledge of using:
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 00:31
+
| 00:31
| * '''Arithmetic''', '''Relational''' and '''Logical''' '''operators''' in '''Java'''
+
| '''Arithmetic''', '''Relational''' and '''Logical''' '''operators''' in Java.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  00:35
 
|  00:35
| If not, for relevant tutorials please visit our website which is as shown.
+
| If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website which is as shown.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 00:42
 
| 00:42
|'' Conditional statements'' You may have to perform different actions for different decisions in your code.
+
|'' Conditional statements''- You may have to perform different actions for different decisions in your code.
  
 +
|-
 +
| 00:48
 +
| In such cases you can use '''conditional statements'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 00:48
+
| 00:52
| In such cases you can use conditional statements.
+
| A conditional statement helps to control the '''flow''' of '''execution''' of a program.  
  
 +
|-
 +
| 00:57
 +
| In Java, we have the following conditional statements:
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 00:52
+
| 01:01
| A conditiona statement helps to control the flow of execution of a program.  
+
| '''If''' statement '''If...Else''' statement
 
+
 
+
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 00:57
+
| 01:03
| In Java we have the following conditional statements:
+
| '''If...Else if''' statement
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 01:01
+
| 01:05
| * If statement ;
+
|'''Nested If''' statement '''Switch''' statement
|-
+
|  01:02
+
| * If...Else statement ;
+
|-
+
|  01:03
+
| * If...Else if statement ;
+
|-
+
01:05
+
| * Nested If statement
+
|-
+
|  01:06
+
| * Switch statement
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 01:08
+
| 01:08
| In this tutorial, we will learn about '''If, If...Else and If...Else If statements''' in detail.
+
| In this tutorial, we will learn about '''If, If...Else and If...Else If''' statements in detail.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 01:15
 
| 01:15
| | '''If statement ;'''is used to execute a block of statements based on a condition.  
+
| '''if statement''': '''if''' statement is used to '''execute''' a block of statements based on a condition.  
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 01:22
+
| 01:22
 
| It is called a '''single conditional statement.'''
 
| It is called a '''single conditional statement.'''
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 01:26
+
| 01:26
|   ''Syntax for If statement ;'''
+
| Syntax for '''If''' statement ;
+
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 01:28
+
| 01:28
| In the '''if statement, '''if the condition is '''true,''' the block is executed.
+
| In the '''if''' statement, if the condition is true, the block is executed.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 01:34
+
| 01:34
| If the condition is '''false, '''the block is skipped and it is  not executed.
+
| If the condition is false, the block is skipped and it is  not executed.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 01:40
+
| 01:40
|   now Let us look at an example to understand how the '''If Statement''' can be used.
+
| Now, let us look at an example to understand how the '''if''' statement can be used.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 01:45
+
| 01:45
| So Let us switch to '''eclipse.'''
+
| So, let us switch to '''eclipse.'''
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 01:48
+
| 01:48
 
| We will write a program to identify whether a person is '''Minor'''.
 
| We will write a program to identify whether a person is '''Minor'''.
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 01:53
+
| 01:53
| I have already created a class '''Person.'''
+
| I have already created a '''class''' '''Person.'''
  
 +
|-
 +
| 01:56
 +
| Now, inside the '''main method''', let us declare a variable '''‘age’''' of type '''int.'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 01:56
+
| 02:02
| Now, inside the main method let us declare a variable '''‘age’''' of type '''int.'''
+
| So, type inside the '''main method''': '''int''' space '''age ''' equal to 20 semicolon.
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 02:02
+
| 02:14
| So type inside the main method '''''int age '''is equal to'' 20 semi-colom.
+
|Now, we will write an '''If''' statement as follows:
|-
+
02:14
+
|Now, we will write an If statement as follows:
+
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 02:18
+
| 02:18
|Next line '''''if '''within  bracket '''age < 21 '''  open curly brackets.'' Press enter
+
|Next line, '''if ''' within  brackets '''age < 21'''  open curly brackets. Press Enter.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 02:30
+
| 02:30
 
| Here, we are checking if '''age''' is less than '''21'''.
 
| Here, we are checking if '''age''' is less than '''21'''.
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  02:34
 
|  02:34
| Whatever is inside the brackets belongs to the if block.
+
| Whatever is inside the brackets belongs to the '''if''' block.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  02:38
 
|  02:38
|So Inside the brackets type
+
|So, inside the brackets type:
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  02:41
 
|  02:41
| '''System '''''dot '''''out '''''dot '''''println '''within brackets and double quotes''' The person is Minor semi-colon.'''
+
| '''System''' dot '''out''' dot '''println''' within brackets and double quotes '''The person is Minor ''' semicolon.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  02:56
 
|  02:56
| Here, if '''age '''is less than '''21,''' than “'''The person is minor'''” will be displayed.
+
| Here, if '''age '''is less than '''21,''' then “The person is minor” will be displayed.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  03:03
 
|  03:03
|  So   '''save''' and''' run '''the file.
+
|  So '''save''' and '''run''' the file.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  03:08
 
|  03:08
| We get the output as follows. The person is minor
+
| We get the output as follows: "The person is minor".
 
+
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  03:14  
 
|  03:14  
| In this case, the person's age is''' 20''', which is less than '''21. '''
+
| In this case, the person's age is '''20''' which is less than '''21. '''
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  03:20
 
|  03:20
| So, we got the output as “'''The person is minor'''”.
+
| So, we got the output as “The person is minor”.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 03:24
 
| 03:24
|Now, we will learn about '''if...else '''statement.
+
|Now, we will learn about '''if...else''' statement.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  03:27
 
|  03:27
| If...Else statement is used to execute alternative statements.
+
| '''If...Else''' statement is used to '''execute''' alternative statements.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 03:31
+
| 03:31
 
| These are based on a single condition.
 
| These are based on a single condition.
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
|   03:34
+
| 03:34
| Let us look at the syntax for writing   '''If…Else statement.'''
+
| Let us look at the syntax for writing '''If…Else statement.'''
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 03:38
+
| 03:38
| If the condition is True,  the statement or block of code is executed..
+
| If the condition is '''true''',  the statement or block of code is executed.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 03:44
+
| 03:44
| Else it executes another statement or  block of code.
+
| Else, it executes another statement or  block of code.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  03:49
 
|  03:49
|  We will now see how the '''If…else statement ;'''can be used in a program.
+
|  We will now see how the '''If…else''' statement can be used in a program.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  03:54
 
|  03:54
| So let us switch to the eclipse.
+
| So, let us switch to the '''eclipse'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  03:57
 
|  03:57
|   we will now  write a program to identify whether the person is '''Minor or Major'''.
+
| We will now  write a program to identify whether the person is minor or major.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  04:03
 
|  04:03
| So inside the '''Main''' method type; int age is equal to 25
+
| So, inside the '''main''' '''method''', type: '''int age'''  equal to 25
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  04:12  
 
|  04:12  
|  then '''if '''''within brackets'' '''age''' ''greater than'' '''21''',
+
|  then, '''if''' within brackets '''age''' greater than '''21'''  
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  04:19
 
|  04:19
|   ''within curly brackets'' type '''System '''''dot''''' out '''''dot''''' println '''''within brackets '''''The person is Major.'''
+
| within curly brackets, type: '''System''' dot '''out''' dot ''' println''' within brackets '''The person is Major.'''
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  04:28
 
|  04:28
| Then type,next line  
+
| Then type, next line,
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  04:32
 
|  04:32
| '''else '''''within curly brackets'' type
+
| '''else ''' within curly brackets type:
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  04:38
 
|  04:38
| '''System''' ''dot '''''out''' ''dot'' '''println '''''within brackets''in double quotes  '''The person is Minor semi-colon.'''
+
| '''System''' dot '''out''' dot '''println''' within brackets in double quotes  '''The person is Minor''' semicolon.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  04:51
 
|  04:51
| Here, if  '''age''' ''is less than'' '''21''',  “' ''The person is Minor'''” will be displayed.
+
| Here, if  '''age''' is less than '''21''',  “The person is Minor” will be displayed.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  04:58
 
|  04:58
| '''Else''' the “'''The person is Major” '''will be displayed.
+
| Else, the “The person is Major” will be displayed.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  05:02
 
|  05:02
| See now Let us'''save   '''and''' run''' the program.
+
| So, now let us '''save''' and ''' run''' the program.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  05:07
 
|  05:07
| We get the output as the person is major
+
| We get the output as: "The person is Major".
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  05:11
 
|  05:11
| Here, the person's '''age''' is '''25,''' which is greater than '''21'''.  
+
| Here, the person's age is '''25,''' which is greater than '''21'''.  
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  05:17
 
|  05:17
| Therefore the program  display the output as “'''The person is Major'''”.
+
| Therefore, the program  displayed  the output as “The person is Major”.
 
+
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
|   05:22
+
| 05:22
|  '''If…Else If''' statement is used to execute various set of statements.
+
'''If…Else If''' statement: '''If…Else If''' statement is used to execute various set of statements.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 05:29
+
| 05:29
 
| These are based on the two given conditions.
 
| These are based on the two given conditions.
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|05:33   
 
|05:33   
 
| You can also add more conditions based on your requirement.  
 
| You can also add more conditions based on your requirement.  
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 05:38
+
| 05:38
| It is also called as  ''' branching '''or '''decision making statement.'''
+
| It is also called as  ''' branching ''' or decision making statement.
 
+
 
+
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
|   05:43
+
| 05:43
| Now Let us look at the syntax for writing  '''If…Else If '''statement.
+
| Now, Let us look at the syntax for writing  the '''If…Else If '''statement.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 05:48
+
| 05:48
| If statement initially checks for '''condition 1.'''
+
| '''If''' statement initially checks for '''condition 1.'''
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 05:53
+
| 05:53
| If''' condition 1 '''is true, it executes the '''statement   '''or '''block code '''.
+
| If '''condition 1''' is true, it executes the '''statement-or-block 1 code'''.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  05:59
 
|  05:59
| Else it again checks for '''condition 2.'''  
+
| Else, it again checks for '''condition 2.'''  
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  06:02
 
|  06:02
| If '''condition 2''' is true, it executes '''statement   '''or '''block   2'''.
+
| If '''condition 2''' is true, it executes '''statement-or-block 2'''.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  06:09
 
|  06:09
| Else it executes '''statement 3''' or '''block code 3'''.
+
| Else, it executes '''statement 3''' or '''block code 3'''.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  06:13
 
|  06:13
 
| In this way, we can extend the code by '''If…Else''' blocks.
 
| In this way, we can extend the code by '''If…Else''' blocks.
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  06:17
 
|  06:17
| These blocks can have multiple conditions.  
+
| These '''blocks''' can have multiple conditions.  
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  06:20
 
|  06:20
| The corresponding code will get executed until it finds the true condition.
+
| The corresponding code will get executed, until it finds the true condition.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
Line 361: Line 305:
  
 
|-
 
|-
|   06:30
+
| 06:30
|   We will see how the '''If…Else If statement ;'''can be used in a program.
+
| We will see how the '''If…Else If statement''' can be used in a program.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 06:35
+
| 06:35
| So switch to Eclipse.
+
| So, switch to '''Eclipse'''.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 06:37
+
| 06:37
| I have already created a class named Student.
+
| I have already created a '''class''' named '''Student'''.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  06:40
 
|  06:40
| Let us write a program to identify grade of a student.
+
| Let us write a program to identify '''grade''' of a student.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  06:44
 
|  06:44
 
| This is done based on the score percentage.
 
| This is done based on the score percentage.
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  06:47
 
|  06:47
| So inside   the''' Main''' method, type '''int''' ''space''''' testScore''' ''equal to''''' 70''' ''semicolon.''
+
| So, inside the '''main''' '''method''', type: '''int''' space '''testScore''' equal to '''70''' semicolon.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  06:58
 
|  06:58
| The input variable named '''testScore'''is used to get the score percentage.
+
| The input variable named '''testScore''' is used to get the score percentage.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  07:05
 
|  07:05
| Next line type''' if''' ''within brackets'' '''testScore''' ''  less than'' '''35, '''''within curly brackets '''''System '''dot''' out '''''dot println within brackets and double quotes''''' C grade '''''semicolon'''''.'''
+
| Next line, type: '''if''' within brackets '''testScore''' less than '''35''' then within curly brackets type: '''System''' dot '''out''' dot '''println''' within brackets and double quotes '''C grade''' semicolon.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  07:28
 
|  07:28
| If the''' testScore''' is less than '''35''', then the program displays "'''C Grade'''".  
+
| If the 'testScore' is less than 35, then the program displays "C Grade".  
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  07:34
 
|  07:34
| Next line type '''else '''
+
| Next line, type '''else'''.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  07:37
 
|  07:37
next line type '''if'' '''within brackets''''' testScore '''''greater than or equal to'' '''35 '''and '''testScore '''''less than or equal to '''''60.'''Put the soul condition within brackets open curly brackets press enter.
+
Next line, '''if''' within brackets '''testScore''' greater than or equal to '''35''' '''AND''' (&&) '''testScore ''' less than or equal to '''60.''' Put this whole condition within brackets open curly brackets, press Enter.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  08:03
 
|  08:03
| Type '''System dot out dot println''' within brackets ''' B grade''' semi-colomn
+
| Type: '''System''' dot '''out''' dot '''println''' within brackets '''B grade''' semicolon
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
Line 424: Line 358:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  08:18
 
|  08:18
| If the '''testScore''' is between '''35 '''and '''60''' then the program displays "'''B Grade'''".
+
| If the 'testScore' is between 35 and 60 then the program displays "B Grade".
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  08:24  
 
|  08:24  
| Next line type '''else''''' within brackets'' type '''System''' ''dot '''''out''' ''dot'' '''println''' ''within brackets and double quotes'' '''A grade''''' semicolon''.
+
| Next line, type: '''else''' within brackets type: '''System''' dot '''out''' dot '''println''' within brackets and double quotes '''A grade''' semicolon.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  08:42
 
|  08:42
|  So Finally, if both the conditions are '''False''', the program displays “'''A Grade'''".  
+
|  So Finally, if both the conditions are '''false''', the program displays “A Grade".  
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  08:48
 
|  08:48
 
| Now, let us '''save''' and '''run''' this code.
 
| Now, let us '''save''' and '''run''' this code.
 
 
.
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 08:51
 
| 08:51
| We get the output as '''A Grade'''
+
| We get the output as '''A Grade'''.
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 08:55
+
| 08:55
| In this program, the student’s '''testScore''' is '''70''' .
+
| In this program, the student’s 'testScore' is 70.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 09:00
+
| 09:00
| So the output will be displayed as “'''A Grade'''”.
+
| So the output will be displayed as “A Grade”.
  
 
|-
 
|-
|   09:02
+
| 09:02
| Now  Let us change the''' testScore''' to''' 55.'''  
+
| Now  Let us change the '''testScore''' to ''' 55.'''  
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 09:07
+
| 09:07
 
| Now, '''save''' and '''run''' this program.
 
| Now, '''save''' and '''run''' this program.
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 09:10
+
| 09:10
| In this case, the output will be displayed as “'''B Grade'''”.
+
| In this case, the output will be displayed as “B Grade”.
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 09:16
+
| 09:16
| We can also increase the number of conditions.
+
| We can also increase the number of conditions.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 09:19
+
| 09:19
| Let us add one more condition after the “'''B grade'''” output section.
+
| Let us add one more condition after the “B grade” output section.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 09:23
+
| 09:23
 
| So type here,
 
| So type here,
Else, Next line
+
else, next line, '''if''' within brackets '''testScore''' greater than or equal to '''60''' '''AND''' (&&) '''testScore''' less than or equal to '''70.'''
'''if''' ''within brackets''''' testScore''' ''greater than or equal to'' '''60 '''and''' testScore''' ''less than or equal to'' '''70.'''
+
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  09:47
 
|  09:47
| Open curly brackets press enter  '''System '''''dot '''''out''' ''dot '''''println''' ''within brackets and double quotes''''' O grade''' ''semicolon''.
+
| Open curly brackets press '''Enter'''   '''System ''' dot '''out''' dot '''println''' within brackets and double quotes '''O grade''' semicolon.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 10:01
+
| 10:01
| Here if the '''testScore''' is between '''60''' and '''70'''    the program will display "'''O Grade'''".
+
| Here, if the 'testScore' is between 60 and 70 the program will display "O Grade".
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 10:07
+
| 10:07
| Now, change the '''testScore''' of the student to''' 70'''.  
+
| Now, change the '''testScore''' of the student to '''70'''.  
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 10:12
+
| 10:12
 
| Now, '''save '''and''' run''' the file.
 
| Now, '''save '''and''' run''' the file.
 
 
 
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 10:15
 
| 10:15
| | We get the output as follows.
+
| We get the output as follows.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 10:17
+
| 10:17
| The program will display the output as “'''O grade'''”.
+
| The program will display the output as “O grade”.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  10:20
 
|  10:20
| It is not “'''A grade'''” as it displayed before.  
+
| It is not “A grade” as it displayed before.  
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  10:23
 
|  10:23
| The program will display “'''A grade'''” for the '''testScore''' greater than '''70.'''
+
| The program will display “A grade” for the '''testScore''' greater than 70.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  10:28
 
|  10:28
|   While coding conditional structures:
+
| While coding '''conditional structures''':
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 10:30
+
| 10:30
| * Always remember to add a semicolon while terminating a statement.
+
| Always remember to add a semicolon while terminating a statement.
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 10:35
+
| 10:35
| * But don’t add semi-colons after the condition.
+
| But don’t add semicolons after the condition.
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 10:40
+
| 10:40
| * Add the block of code within curly brackets
+
| Add the block of code within curly brackets.
 +
 
 
|-
 
|-
| 10:43
+
| 10:43
| * Curly braces are optional if the block contains a single statement.
+
| Curly braces are optional if the block contains a single statement.
 
   
 
   
 
|-
 
|-
Line 552: Line 466:
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 10:51
+
| 10:51
 
| In this tutorial,   
 
| In this tutorial,   
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 10:53
+
| 10:53
| We have  Explained conditional statements
+
| We have  Explained: * '''conditional statements'''
 +
 
 
|-
 
|-
| 10:56
+
| 10:56
| * Listed the types of conditional statements
+
| Listed the types of conditional statements
 +
 
 
|-
 
|-
| 10:59
+
| 10:59
| * Used conditional statements: '''if, if...else and if...else if''' in Java programs.
+
| Used conditional statements- '''if, if...else''' and '''if...else if''' in Java programs.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 11:04
 
| 11:04
|Now take an assignment on writing java programs using conditional statements: '''if, if...else and if...else if '''statements.
+
|Now take an assignment on writing java programs using conditional statements- '''if, if...else''' and '''if...else if '''statements.
  
 +
|-
 +
| 11:12
 +
| Write a java program to compare two values using '''if '''statement.
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 11:12
+
| 11:17
| * Write a java program to compare two values using '''if '''statement.
+
| Write a java program to check whether the given number is even or odd.Hint : use '''if...else '''statement.
|-
+
11:17
+
| * Write a java program to check whether the given number is even or odd.
+
 
+
Hint : use '''if...else '''statement.
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 11:23
+
| 11:23
| * Write a java program to find the biggest number among the three numbers.
+
| Write a java program to find the biggest number among the three numbers.Hint : use '''if...else if '''statement.
 
+
Hint : use '''if...else if '''statement.
+
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 11:29
+
| 11:29
| To know more about the '''Spoken Tutorial''' project,  
+
| To know more about the Spoken Tutorial project,  
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 11:32
+
| 11:32
 
| watch the video available at the following link.
 
| watch the video available at the following link.
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  11:35
 
|  11:35
| It s ummarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.
+
| It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.
 
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  11:38
 
|  11:38
| If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it
+
| If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.
  
 
|-
 
|-
|   11:42
+
| 11:42
| The Spoken Tutorial Project Team
+
| The Spoken Tutorial Project team:
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 11:44
+
| 11:44
| * Conducts workshops using '''spoken tutorials'''
+
| Conducts workshops using Spoken tutorials.
 +
 
 
|-
 
|-
| 11:47
+
| 11:47
| * gives certificates for those who pass an online test. For more details, please write to '''contact AT spoken HYPHEN tutorial DOT org.'''
+
| gives certificates for those who pass an online test. For more details, please write to '''contact AT spoken HYPHEN tutorial DOT org.'''
  
 
|-
 
|-
| 11:56
+
| 11:56
| '''Spoken Tutorial '''Project is a part of the '''Talk to a Teacher''' project  
+
|Spoken Tutorial project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project.
 +
 
 
|-
 
|-
| 12:00
+
| 12:00
| It is supported by the '''National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India.  
+
| It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India.  
 +
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|  12:06
 
|  12:06
| '''More information on this Mission is available at '''spoken HYPHEN tutorial DOT org SLASH NMEICT HYPHEN Intro'''
+
| More information on this mission is available at '''spoken HYPHEN tutorial DOT org SLASH NMEICT HYPHEN Intro'''.
 
+
+
  
 
|-
 
|-
|   12:15  
+
| 12:15  
| This script has been contributed by TalentSprint. This is Arya. Ratish from IIT Bombay signing off
+
| This script has been contributed by TalentSprint. This is Arya Ratish from IIT Bombay, signing off.
 
+
 
Thanks for joining
 
Thanks for joining
 
 
 
 
 
|}
 
|}

Latest revision as of 15:16, 9 March 2017

Time Narration
00:02 Welcome to the spoken tutorial on If else constructs in java.
00:07 In this tutorial, we will learn:
00:09 About conditional statements
00:11 Types of conditional statements and
00:13 How to use conditional statements in Java programs.
00:18 For this tutorial, we are using:

Ubuntu v 11.10

JDK 1.6 and

Eclipse 3.7.0.

00:27 To follow this tutorial, you should have knowledge of using:
00:31 Arithmetic, Relational and Logical operators in Java.
00:35 If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website which is as shown.
00:42 Conditional statements- You may have to perform different actions for different decisions in your code.
00:48 In such cases you can use conditional statements.
00:52 A conditional statement helps to control the flow of execution of a program.
00:57 In Java, we have the following conditional statements:
01:01 If statement If...Else statement
01:03 If...Else if statement
01:05 Nested If statement Switch statement
01:08 In this tutorial, we will learn about If, If...Else and If...Else If statements in detail.
01:15 if statement: if statement is used to execute a block of statements based on a condition.
01:22 It is called a single conditional statement.
01:26 Syntax for If statement ;
01:28 In the if statement, if the condition is true, the block is executed.
01:34 If the condition is false, the block is skipped and it is not executed.
01:40 Now, let us look at an example to understand how the if statement can be used.
01:45 So, let us switch to eclipse.
01:48 We will write a program to identify whether a person is Minor.
01:53 I have already created a class Person.
01:56 Now, inside the main method, let us declare a variable ‘age’ of type int.
02:02 So, type inside the main method: int space age equal to 20 semicolon.
02:14 Now, we will write an If statement as follows:
02:18 Next line, if within brackets age < 21 open curly brackets. Press Enter.
02:30 Here, we are checking if age is less than 21.
02:34 Whatever is inside the brackets belongs to the if block.
02:38 So, inside the brackets type:
02:41 System dot out dot println within brackets and double quotes The person is Minor semicolon.
02:56 Here, if age is less than 21, then “The person is minor” will be displayed.
03:03 So save and run the file.
03:08 We get the output as follows: "The person is minor".
03:14 In this case, the person's age is 20 which is less than 21.
03:20 So, we got the output as “The person is minor”.
03:24 Now, we will learn about if...else statement.
03:27 If...Else statement is used to execute alternative statements.
03:31 These are based on a single condition.
03:34 Let us look at the syntax for writing If…Else statement.
03:38 If the condition is true, the statement or block of code is executed.
03:44 Else, it executes another statement or block of code.
03:49 We will now see how the If…else statement can be used in a program.
03:54 So, let us switch to the eclipse.
03:57 We will now write a program to identify whether the person is minor or major.
04:03 So, inside the main method, type: int age equal to 25
04:12 then, if within brackets age greater than 21
04:19 within curly brackets, type: System dot out dot println within brackets The person is Major.
04:28 Then type, next line,
04:32 else within curly brackets type:
04:38 System dot out dot println within brackets in double quotes The person is Minor semicolon.
04:51 Here, if age is less than 21, “The person is Minor” will be displayed.
04:58 Else, the “The person is Major” will be displayed.
05:02 So, now let us save and run the program.
05:07 We get the output as: "The person is Major".
05:11 Here, the person's age is 25, which is greater than 21.
05:17 Therefore, the program displayed the output as “The person is Major”.
05:22 If…Else If statement: If…Else If statement is used to execute various set of statements.
05:29 These are based on the two given conditions.
05:33 You can also add more conditions based on your requirement.
05:38 It is also called as branching or decision making statement.
05:43 Now, Let us look at the syntax for writing the If…Else If statement.
05:48 If statement initially checks for condition 1.
05:53 If condition 1 is true, it executes the statement-or-block 1 code.
05:59 Else, it again checks for condition 2.
06:02 If condition 2 is true, it executes statement-or-block 2.
06:09 Else, it executes statement 3 or block code 3.
06:13 In this way, we can extend the code by If…Else blocks.
06:17 These blocks can have multiple conditions.
06:20 The corresponding code will get executed, until it finds the true condition.
06:25 If all the conditions are false, it will execute the final Else section.
06:30 We will see how the If…Else If statement can be used in a program.
06:35 So, switch to Eclipse.
06:37 I have already created a class named Student.
06:40 Let us write a program to identify grade of a student.
06:44 This is done based on the score percentage.
06:47 So, inside the main method, type: int space testScore equal to 70 semicolon.
06:58 The input variable named testScore is used to get the score percentage.
07:05 Next line, type: if within brackets testScore less than 35 then within curly brackets type: System dot out dot println within brackets and double quotes C grade semicolon.
07:28 If the 'testScore' is less than 35, then the program displays "C Grade".
07:34 Next line, type else.
07:37 Next line, if within brackets testScore greater than or equal to 35 AND (&&) testScore less than or equal to 60. Put this whole condition within brackets open curly brackets, press Enter.
08:03 Type: System dot out dot println within brackets B grade semicolon
08:13 Here, the program will check for the second condition in the Else If section.
08:18 If the 'testScore' is between 35 and 60 then the program displays "B Grade".
08:24 Next line, type: else within brackets type: System dot out dot println within brackets and double quotes A grade semicolon.
08:42 So Finally, if both the conditions are false, the program displays “A Grade".
08:48 Now, let us save and run this code.
08:51 We get the output as A Grade.
08:55 In this program, the student’s 'testScore' is 70.
09:00 So the output will be displayed as “A Grade”.
09:02 Now Let us change the testScore to 55.
09:07 Now, save and run this program.
09:10 In this case, the output will be displayed as “B Grade”.
09:16 We can also increase the number of conditions.
09:19 Let us add one more condition after the “B grade” output section.
09:23 So type here,

else, next line, if within brackets testScore greater than or equal to 60 AND (&&) testScore less than or equal to 70.

09:47 Open curly brackets press Enter System dot out dot println within brackets and double quotes O grade semicolon.
10:01 Here, if the 'testScore' is between 60 and 70 the program will display "O Grade".
10:07 Now, change the testScore of the student to 70.
10:12 Now, save and run the file.
10:15 We get the output as follows.
10:17 The program will display the output as “O grade”.
10:20 It is not “A grade” as it displayed before.
10:23 The program will display “A grade” for the testScore greater than 70.
10:28 While coding conditional structures:
10:30 Always remember to add a semicolon while terminating a statement.
10:35 But don’t add semicolons after the condition.
10:40 Add the block of code within curly brackets.
10:43 Curly braces are optional if the block contains a single statement.
10:49 We have come to the end of this tutorial.
10:51 In this tutorial,
10:53 We have Explained: * conditional statements
10:56 Listed the types of conditional statements
10:59 Used conditional statements- if, if...else and if...else if in Java programs.
11:04 Now take an assignment on writing java programs using conditional statements- if, if...else and if...else if statements.
11:12 Write a java program to compare two values using if statement.
11:17 Write a java program to check whether the given number is even or odd.Hint : use if...else statement.
11:23 Write a java program to find the biggest number among the three numbers.Hint : use if...else if statement.
11:29 To know more about the Spoken Tutorial project,
11:32 watch the video available at the following link.
11:35 It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project.
11:38 If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it.
11:42 The Spoken Tutorial Project team:
11:44 Conducts workshops using Spoken tutorials.
11:47 gives certificates for those who pass an online test. For more details, please write to contact AT spoken HYPHEN tutorial DOT org.
11:56 Spoken Tutorial project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project.
12:00 It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India.
12:06 More information on this mission is available at spoken HYPHEN tutorial DOT org SLASH NMEICT HYPHEN Intro.
12:15 This script has been contributed by TalentSprint. This is Arya Ratish from IIT Bombay, signing off.

Thanks for joining

Contributors and Content Editors

Gaurav, PoojaMoolya, Priyacst, Sandhya.np14, Sneha