Difference between revisions of "GChemPaint/C2/Formation-of-molecules/English"

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Title of the tutorial: Formation of molecules
 +
 +
Author: Madhuri Ganapathi
 +
 +
Keywords: Alkyl groups, video tutorial, GChemPaint tools- Add or modify an atom, Add or modify a text, Select one or more objects, Add a bond or change the multiplicity of existing one,
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 +
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{|border=1
 
{|border=1
 
!'''Visual Cue'''
 
!'''Visual Cue'''
Line 6: Line 15:
  
 
'''Title Slide'''  
 
'''Title Slide'''  
−
||Hello every one
+
||Hello everyone
−
Welcome the tutorial on Formation of molecules in GChemPaint.
+
 
 +
Welcome the tutorial on '''Formation of molecules''' in '''GChemPaint.'''
 
|-
 
|-
 
||'''Slide Number 2'''
 
||'''Slide Number 2'''
Line 45: Line 55:
 
||Here is slide for the structures of '''Propane, Butane''' and '''Heptane'''.
 
||Here is slide for the structures of '''Propane, Butane''' and '''Heptane'''.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Switch to GchemPaint application.
+
||Switch to '''GChemPaint''' application.
−
||I have opened a new '''GChemPaint''' application with  '''Propane''' and '''Butane''' structures as shown in the slide
+
||I have opened a new '''GChemPaint''' application with  '''Propane''' and '''Butane''' structures as shown in the slide.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Point to carbon atoms.
+
||Point to '''Carbon''' atoms.
−
||Let's replace the terminal '''Carbon''' atoms in '''Butane''' structure with '''Chlorine''' atoms.
+
||Let's replace the terminal '''Carbon''' atoms in '''Butane''' structure with '''Chlorine''' atoms.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Point to Periodic table combo button.
+
||Point to '''Periodic table combo''' button.
−
||For this I will use the '''Periodic table combo''' button.
+
||For this I will use '''Periodic table combo''' button.
−
 
+
−
Click on '''Current element''' drop-down arrow button.
+
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Hover the mouse over the '''Periodic table'''  
+
||Click on the '''Current element''' drop-down arrow button.
−
||Click on '''Current element''' drop-down arrow button.
+
 
 +
Hover the mouse over the '''Periodic tab le'''  
 +
||Click on the '''Current element''' drop-down arrow button.
  
 
This button is known as '''Periodic table combo''' button.
 
This button is known as '''Periodic table combo''' button.
  
−
Observe the built-in '''Modern periodic table.'''
+
Observe the built-in '''Modern periodic table'''.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Select Cl from the table.
+
||Click on '''Cl''' from the table.
  
−
Point to the Cl on toolbox
+
Point to the '''Cl''' in toolbox
−
||Select Cl from the table.
+
||Click on '''Cl''' from the table.
  
−
Observe Cl in the tool box.
+
Observe '''Cl''' in the tool box.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Click on Add or modify an atom tool>>click to replace
+
||Click on '''Add or modify an atom''' tool>>click to replace
  
 
Point to the structure
 
Point to the structure
−
||Click on Add or modify an atom tool.
+
||Click on '''Add or modify an atom''' tool.
  
−
Click on terminal carbon atoms to replace them with Cl atoms.
+
Click on the terminal atoms to replace them with '''Cl''' atoms.
  
−
The new structure obtained is 1,2-dichloroethane.
+
The new structure obtained is '''1,2-Dichloroethane'''.
 
|-
 
|-
 
||
 
||
 
||Let's write its name below the structure.  
 
||Let's write its name below the structure.  
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Click on Add or modify a text tool>>Click on Display area  
+
||Click on '''Add or modify a text''' tool>>Click on '''Display area'''
−
||Click on Add or modify a text tool.
+
||Click on '''Add or modify a text''' tool.  
  
−
Click on Display area below the structure.
+
Text tool's property page opens.
 +
 
 +
Click on the '''Display area''' below the structure.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Point to the blinking cusor
+
||Point to the blinking cursor
 +
||You can see the blinking cursor enclosed in a green box.
  
−
Observe the blinking cursor enclosed in a green box.
+
Type '''1,2-Dichloroethane''' in the box .
−
 
+
|-
−
Type 1,2-dichloroethane in the box and click anywhere on the display area.
+
||Click on "Select one or more objects" tool>>To close the text tool's property page.
 +
||Click on '''Select one or more objects''' tool, to close the text tool's property page.
 
|-
 
|-
 
||
 
||
−
||Next let's replace central carbon atom  in Propane structure with oxygen atom.
+
||Next let's replace the central '''Carbon''' atom  in '''Propane''' structure with '''Oxygen''' atom.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Press Shift and O keys simultaneously>> A submenu opens with O and Os  
+
||Press Shift and O keys simultaneously>> A Sub-menu opens with '''O''' and '''Os'''
−
||Place the cursor near the central atom of the Propane structure.
+
||Place the cursor near the central atom of the '''Propane''' structure.
  
−
Press capital O.
+
Press capital '''O'''.
  
−
A submenu with O and Os  opens.
+
A '''Sub-menu''' with '''O''' and '''Os''' opens.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Select O  
+
||Select '''O'''.
−
||Select O.  
+
||Select '''O'''.
  
−
Carbon and Hydrogen atoms will be replaced by Oxygen atom.  
+
'''Carbon''' and '''Hydrogen''' atoms will be replaced by '''Oxygen''' atom.  
  
−
The new structure obtained is  Dimethylether.
+
The new structure obtained is  '''Dimethylether.'''
 
|-
 
|-
 
||
 
||
 
||Let's write its name below the structure.  
 
||Let's write its name below the structure.  
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Click on Add or modify a text tool>>Click on Display area  
+
||Click on '''Add or modify a text''' tool>>Click on '''Display area'''
−
||Click on Add or modify a text tool.
+
||Click on '''Add or modify a text''' tool.
  
−
Click on Display area below the structures.
+
Click on the '''Display area''' below the structure.
 
|-
 
|-
 
||Point to the blinking cusor
 
||Point to the blinking cusor
−
||Type  Dimethylether in the box.
+
||Type  '''Dimethylether''' in the box.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Press CTRL+ S.
+
||
−
||To save the file, Press CTRL+ S.
+
||Let's save the file now.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Save as dialog box opens
+
||Click on '''Save the current file''' icon on the toolbar
−
||Save as dialog box opens.
+
||Click on '''Save the current file''' icon on the toolbar
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Enter the file name as  chloroethane-ether >> click on Save button.
+
||'''Save as''' dialog box opens
−
||Enter the file name as Chloroethane-ether.
+
||'''Save as''' dialog box opens.
 +
|-
 +
||Enter the file name as  '''Chloroethane-ether''' >> click on '''Save''' button.
 +
||Enter the file name as '''Chloroethane-ether'''.
  
−
Click on Save button.
+
Click on '''Save''' button.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Click on Close to close the window.
+
||Click on '''Close''' to close the window.
−
||Click on Close to close the window.
+
||Let's Click on '''Close''' to close the window.
 
|-
 
|-
 
||'''Slide Number 5'''
 
||'''Slide Number 5'''
−
'''
 
−
Assignment'''
 
−
||Draw Ethane and Pentane structures.
 
  
−
Replace one carbon atom of Ethane with Br.
+
'''Assignment'''
 +
||Here is an assignment
  
−
Replace the terminal carbon atoms of Pentane with I.  
+
Draw ''''Ethane''' and '''Pentane''' structures.
  
−
Your assignment's output should look like this.
+
Replace one '''Carbon''' atom of '''Ethane''' with '''Br'''.
 +
 
 +
Replace the terminal '''Carbon''' atoms of '''Pentane''' with '''I'''.
 +
 
 +
Your completed assignment should look like this.
 
|-
 
|-
 
||
 
||
−
||Now I will explain about Alkyl groups.
+
||Now I will explain about '''Alkyl groups'''.
 
|-
 
|-
 
||'''Slide Number 6'''
 
||'''Slide Number 6'''
  
 
'''Alkyl groups'''
 
'''Alkyl groups'''
−
||Alkyl group is a fragment of an Alkane.
+
||'''Alkyl group''' is a fragment of '''Alkane'''.
  
−
For example:  Methyl CH3 is a fragment of methane CH4
+
For example:  '''Methyl CH3''' is a fragment of '''Methane CH4'''
  
−
Successive members of an  Alkyl group differ by a CH2 group.
+
Successive members of an  '''Alkyl group''' differ by a ''' CH2''' group.
  
−
Homologues of the Alkyl group series  includes,  
+
Homologues of the '''Alkyl group''' series  include,  
  
−
Methyl is CH3
+
'''Methyl CH3'''
  
−
Ethyl is C2H5
+
'''Ethyl  C2H5'''
  
−
Propyl is C3H7  
+
'''Propyl C3H7'''
  
−
Butyl is  C4H9  and so on.
+
'''Butyl C4H9''' and so on.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Switch to GchemPaint application.
+
||Switch to '''GChemPaint''' application.
−
||I have opened a new GChemPaint application with a heptane structure as shown in the slide.
+
||I have opened a new '''GChemPaint''' application with '''Heptane''' structure.  
 
|-
 
|-
 
||
 
||
−
||Now I will demonstrate how to number the chain positions.
+
||Now I will demonstrate how to number the carbon '''chain''' positions.
  
−
Numbering helps to identify the chain positions.
+
Numbering helps to identify the '''chain''' positions.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Click on Add or modify a text tool>> Click on Display area near the first chain position>>
+
||Click on '''Add or modify a text''' tool>> Click on '''Display area''' near the first chain position>>
  
 
Enter 1 in the green box.
 
Enter 1 in the green box.
−
||Click on Add or modify a text tool.
+
||Click on '''Add or modify a text''' tool.
  
−
Click on Display area near the first chain position.
+
Click on the '''Display area''' near the first chain position.
  
 
Enter 1 in the green box.
 
Enter 1 in the green box.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Click near the second chain position. Enter 2 in the box.
+
||Click near the second chain position>> Enter 2 in the box.
 
||Next, click near the second chain position.
 
||Next, click near the second chain position.
  
Line 194: Line 213:
 
|-
 
|-
 
||
 
||
−
||Now let's branch Heptane using Alkyl groups at  various positions.
+
||Now let's branch '''Heptane''' using '''Alkyl groups''' at  various positions.
 
|-
 
|-
 
||Point to the third position.
 
||Point to the third position.
−
||Let's add a Methyl group  to the third position.
+
||Let's add a '''Methyl group''' to the third position.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Click on Add a bond or change the multiplicity of existing one tool  >> click on the position.
+
||Click on '''Add a bond or change the multiplicity of existing one''' tool  >> click on the position.
−
||Click on Add a bond or change the multiplicity of existing one tool.
+
||Click on '''Add a bond or change the multiplicity of existing one''' tool.
  
 
Click on the position.
 
Click on the position.
Line 207: Line 226:
 
<Pause>
 
<Pause>
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Click on Add a chain tool.
+
||Click on '''Add a chain''' tool.
  
 
Click on the position.
 
Click on the position.
−
||Let's add an ethyl group on the fifth position.
+
||Let's add an ''' Ethyl group''' on the fifth position.
  
−
Click on Add a chain tool.
+
Click on '''Add a chain''' tool.
  
 
Click on the position.
 
Click on the position.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||
+
||  
 
||Next I will display atoms on all positions.
 
||Next I will display atoms on all positions.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Right click on the position>> A Submenu opens>>Select Atom>> click on  
+
||Right click on the position>> A Submenu opens>>Select '''Atom'''>> click on  
−
Display symbol.  
+
'''Display symbol'''.  
 
||Right-click on the position.
 
||Right-click on the position.
  
−
A Submenu opens  
+
A '''Submenu''' opens  
 +
 
 +
Select '''Atom''' and then click on '''Display symbol'''.
  
−
Select Atom and then click on Display symbol.
+
Likewise I will display atoms at other positions.
 
|-
 
|-
 
||
 
||
 
||Let's see how many times we can branch at one position.
 
||Let's see how many times we can branch at one position.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Click on Add a bond or change the multiplicity of existing one tool.
+
||Click on '''Add a bond or change the multiplicity of existing one''' tool.
  
−
Click on fourth position to branch the carbon chain. Click again.  
+
Click on the fourth position >> Click again.  
−
||Click on Add a bond or change the multiplicity of existing one tool.
+
||Click on '''Add a bond or change the multiplicity of existing one''' tool.
  
−
Click on fourth position to branch the carbon chain.
+
Click on the fourth position.  
  
 
Click again.  
 
Click again.  
  
−
Observe the branching in carbon chain.
+
Observe the branching in the '''Carbon''' chain.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Point to the poistion.
+
||Point to the position.
−
||Let's try to click for the third time.
+
||Try to click for the third time.
  
 
We do not see the branching.
 
We do not see the branching.
Line 249: Line 270:
 
||Note that branching is possible only twice at each position.
 
||Note that branching is possible only twice at each position.
  
−
This is because it satisfies carbon's tetra valency.
+
This is because it satisfies '''Carbon's tetra valency'''.
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Press CTRL+ S.
+
||Press '''CTRL+ S.'''
−
||To save the file, Press CTRL+ S.
+
||To save the file, Press '''CTRL+ S.'''
 
|-
 
|-
−
||In the Save as dialog box>>
+
||'''Save as''' dialog box opens>>
  
−
Enter the file name as Alkyl groups >> click on Save button.
+
Enter the file name as '''Alkyl groups''' >> click on '''Save''' button.
−
||In the Save as dialog box,  
+
||'''Save as dialog box,''' opens.
  
−
Enter the file name as Alkyl groups.  
+
Enter the file name as '''Alkyl Groups'''.  
  
−
Click on Save button.
+
Click on ''' Save''' button.
 
<PAUSE>
 
<PAUSE>
 
|-
 
|-
−
||Slide Number 7
+
||'''Slide Number 7'''
−
Summary
+
 
−
||In this tutorial we have learnt,
+
'''Summary'''
 +
||Let's Summarize what we have learnt.
 +
 
 +
In this tutorial we have learnt to,
  
 
* Add and modify structure of compounds
 
* Add and modify structure of compounds
Line 272: Line 296:
 
* Change current element
 
* Change current element
  
−
* Add Alkyl groups
+
* Add '''Alkyl groups'''
  
 
* Add and modify carbon chain
 
* Add and modify carbon chain
Line 279: Line 303:
  
 
Assignment
 
Assignment
−
||Draw Octane structure .
+
||As an assignment,
 +
 
 +
Draw '''Octane''' structure .
  
−
Add Propyl and Butyl groups at the fourth and fifth positions of the chain.
+
Add '''Propyl''' and '''Butyl''' groups at the fourth and fifth positions of the chain.
  
 
Your completed assignment should look like this.
 
Your completed assignment should look like this.
Line 312: Line 338:
 
Government of India
 
Government of India
  
−
More information on this Mission is available at this link  http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro ]
+
More information on this Mission is available at this link
 +
 
 +
  ''' http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro '''
 +
 
 +
This brings us to the end of this tutorial.
  
−
Animation is done by Udhaya Chandrika.
+
Animation is done by '''Udhaya Chandrika.'''
  
−
This is Madhuri Ganpathi from IIT Bombay signing off. Thank you for joining.
+
This is '''Madhuri Ganpathi''' from '''IIT Bombay''' signing off. Thank you for joining.
 
|-
 
|-

Latest revision as of 17:48, 18 December 2013

Title of the tutorial: Formation of molecules

Author: Madhuri Ganapathi

Keywords: Alkyl groups, video tutorial, GChemPaint tools- Add or modify an atom, Add or modify a text, Select one or more objects, Add a bond or change the multiplicity of existing one,



Visual Cue Narration
Slide Number 1

Title Slide

Hello everyone

Welcome the tutorial on Formation of molecules in GChemPaint.

Slide Number 2

Learning Objectives

In this tutorial, we will learn to
  • Add and modify structure of compounds
  • Change current element
  • Add Alkyl groups
  • Add and modify carbon chain
Slide Number 3

System Requirement

Here I am using

Ubuntu Linux OS version. 12.04

GChemPaint version 0.12.10

Slide Number 4

Pre-requisites

To follow this tutorial you should be familiar with,

GChemPaint chemical structure editor.

If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website.

Slide Number 5

Structures

Here is slide for the structures of Propane, Butane and Heptane.
Switch to GChemPaint application. I have opened a new GChemPaint application with Propane and Butane structures as shown in the slide.
Point to Carbon atoms. Let's replace the terminal Carbon atoms in Butane structure with Chlorine atoms.
Point to Periodic table combo button. For this I will use Periodic table combo button.
Click on the Current element drop-down arrow button.

Hover the mouse over the Periodic tab le

Click on the Current element drop-down arrow button.

This button is known as Periodic table combo button.

Observe the built-in Modern periodic table.

Click on Cl from the table.

Point to the Cl in toolbox

Click on Cl from the table.

Observe Cl in the tool box.

Click on Add or modify an atom tool>>click to replace

Point to the structure

Click on Add or modify an atom tool.

Click on the terminal atoms to replace them with Cl atoms.

The new structure obtained is 1,2-Dichloroethane.

Let's write its name below the structure.
Click on Add or modify a text tool>>Click on Display area Click on Add or modify a text tool.

Text tool's property page opens.

Click on the Display area below the structure.

Point to the blinking cursor You can see the blinking cursor enclosed in a green box.

Type 1,2-Dichloroethane in the box .

Click on "Select one or more objects" tool>>To close the text tool's property page. Click on Select one or more objects tool, to close the text tool's property page.
Next let's replace the central Carbon atom in Propane structure with Oxygen atom.
Press Shift and O keys simultaneously>> A Sub-menu opens with O and Os Place the cursor near the central atom of the Propane structure.

Press capital O.

A Sub-menu with O and Os opens.

Select O. Select O.

Carbon and Hydrogen atoms will be replaced by Oxygen atom.

The new structure obtained is Dimethylether.

Let's write its name below the structure.
Click on Add or modify a text tool>>Click on Display area Click on Add or modify a text tool.

Click on the Display area below the structure.

Point to the blinking cusor Type Dimethylether in the box.
Let's save the file now.
Click on Save the current file icon on the toolbar Click on Save the current file icon on the toolbar
Save as dialog box opens Save as dialog box opens.
Enter the file name as Chloroethane-ether >> click on Save button. Enter the file name as Chloroethane-ether.

Click on Save button.

Click on Close to close the window. Let's Click on Close to close the window.
Slide Number 5

Assignment

Here is an assignment

Draw 'Ethane and Pentane structures.

Replace one Carbon atom of Ethane with Br.

Replace the terminal Carbon atoms of Pentane with I.

Your completed assignment should look like this.

Now I will explain about Alkyl groups.
Slide Number 6

Alkyl groups

Alkyl group is a fragment of Alkane.

For example: Methyl CH3 is a fragment of Methane CH4

Successive members of an Alkyl group differ by a CH2 group.

Homologues of the Alkyl group series include,

Methyl CH3

Ethyl C2H5

Propyl C3H7

Butyl C4H9 and so on.

Switch to GChemPaint application. I have opened a new GChemPaint application with Heptane structure.
Now I will demonstrate how to number the carbon chain positions.

Numbering helps to identify the chain positions.

Click on Add or modify a text tool>> Click on Display area near the first chain position>>

Enter 1 in the green box.

Click on Add or modify a text tool.

Click on the Display area near the first chain position.

Enter 1 in the green box.

Click near the second chain position>> Enter 2 in the box. Next, click near the second chain position.

Enter 2 in the box.

Point to other chain positions. Likewise I will number the other chain positions as 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7.
Now let's branch Heptane using Alkyl groups at various positions.
Point to the third position. Let's add a Methyl group to the third position.
Click on Add a bond or change the multiplicity of existing one tool >> click on the position. Click on Add a bond or change the multiplicity of existing one tool.

Click on the position.

Observe the change in the atoms. <Pause>

Click on Add a chain tool.

Click on the position.

Let's add an Ethyl group on the fifth position.

Click on Add a chain tool.

Click on the position.

Next I will display atoms on all positions.
Right click on the position>> A Submenu opens>>Select Atom>> click on

Display symbol.

Right-click on the position.

A Submenu opens

Select Atom and then click on Display symbol.

Likewise I will display atoms at other positions.

Let's see how many times we can branch at one position.
Click on Add a bond or change the multiplicity of existing one tool.

Click on the fourth position >> Click again.

Click on Add a bond or change the multiplicity of existing one tool.

Click on the fourth position.

Click again.

Observe the branching in the Carbon chain.

Point to the position. Try to click for the third time.

We do not see the branching.

Note that branching is possible only twice at each position.

This is because it satisfies Carbon's tetra valency.

Press CTRL+ S. To save the file, Press CTRL+ S.
Save as dialog box opens>>

Enter the file name as Alkyl groups >> click on Save button.

Save as dialog box, opens.

Enter the file name as Alkyl Groups.

Click on Save button. <PAUSE>

Slide Number 7

Summary

Let's Summarize what we have learnt.

In this tutorial we have learnt to,

  • Add and modify structure of compounds
  • Change current element
  • Add Alkyl groups
  • Add and modify carbon chain
Slide Number 8

Assignment

As an assignment,

Draw Octane structure .

Add Propyl and Butyl groups at the fourth and fifth positions of the chain.

Your completed assignment should look like this.

Slide Number 9

Acknowledgement

Watch the video available at this URL.

http://spoken-tutorial.org/What_is_a_Spoken_Tutorial

It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project

If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it

Slide Number 10 The Spoken Tutorial Project Team:

Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials

Gives certificates to those who pass an online test

For more details, please write to

contact@spoken-tutorial.org

Slide number 11 Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project

It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India

More information on this Mission is available at this link 

 http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro

This brings us to the end of this tutorial.

Animation is done by Udhaya Chandrika.

This is Madhuri Ganpathi from IIT Bombay signing off. Thank you for joining.

Contributors and Content Editors

Madhurig

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