Difference between revisions of "C-and-C++/C2/First-C++-Program/English-timed"
From Script | Spoken-Tutorial
Line 3: | Line 3: | ||
|| '''Narration''' | || '''Narration''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00. | + | | 00.02 |
| Welcome to the spoken tutorial on First C++ program. | | Welcome to the spoken tutorial on First C++ program. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00. | + | | 00.07 |
| In this tutorial I am going to explain, | | In this tutorial I am going to explain, | ||
Line 15: | Line 15: | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00. | + | | 00.13 |
| How to compile it | | How to compile it | ||
− | |- | + | |- |
| 00.14 | | 00.14 | ||
| How to execute it | | How to execute it | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00. | + | | 00.17 |
| We will also explain some common errors and their solution. | | We will also explain some common errors and their solution. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00. | + | | 00.22 |
| To record this tutorial, I am using Ubuntu operating system version 11.10 and G++ Compiler version 4.5.2 on Ubuntu. | | To record this tutorial, I am using Ubuntu operating system version 11.10 and G++ Compiler version 4.5.2 on Ubuntu. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00. | + | | 00.35 |
| To practice this tutorial, | | To practice this tutorial, | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00. | + | | 00.38 |
| You should be familiar with Ubuntu Operating System and an Editor | | You should be familiar with Ubuntu Operating System and an Editor | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00. | + | | 00.44 |
|Some editors are vim and gedit | |Some editors are vim and gedit | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00. | + | | 00.48 |
| I am using gedit in this tutorial | | I am using gedit in this tutorial | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00. | + | | 00.51 |
| For relevant tutorial Please visit our website: [http://spoken-tutorial.org/ http://spoken-tutorial.org] | | For relevant tutorial Please visit our website: [http://spoken-tutorial.org/ http://spoken-tutorial.org] | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 00. | + | | 00.56 |
| Let me tell you how to write a C++ program through an example | | Let me tell you how to write a C++ program through an example | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 01.01 |
| Open the terminal Window using '''Ctrl, Alt and T keys''' simultaneously on your keyboard. | | Open the terminal Window using '''Ctrl, Alt and T keys''' simultaneously on your keyboard. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 01. | + | | 01.09 |
| To open the text editor, type under terminal. | | To open the text editor, type under terminal. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 01. | + | | 01.13 |
| '''“gedit”''' space '''“talk”''' dot '''“.cpp”''' space ampersand '''“&”.''' | | '''“gedit”''' space '''“talk”''' dot '''“.cpp”''' space ampersand '''“&”.''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 01. | + | | 01.21 |
| We use the '''“&”''' to free up the prompt. | | We use the '''“&”''' to free up the prompt. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 01. | + | | 01.25 |
| Please note that all the C++ files will have the extension '''“.cpp”''' | | Please note that all the C++ files will have the extension '''“.cpp”''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 01. | + | | 01.31 |
| Now Press '''Enter''' | | Now Press '''Enter''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 01. | + | | 01.33 |
|the text editor has opened. | |the text editor has opened. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 01. | + | | 01.36 |
| Let us start to write a program. | | Let us start to write a program. | ||
Line 111: | Line 111: | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 01. | + | | 01.59 |
| The double slash is called as single line comment.Now press Enter. | | The double slash is called as single line comment.Now press Enter. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02. | + | | 02.05 |
| Type hash '''“#include”''' space opening angle bracket ''' ''closing angle bracket ''' . | | Type hash '''“#include”''' space opening angle bracket ''' ''closing angle bracket ''' . | ||
Line 128: | Line 128: | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02. | + | | 02.23 |
| Here '''iostream''' is a '''header file''' | | Here '''iostream''' is a '''header file''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02. | + | | 02.26 |
| This file includes the declaration of standard input output functions in C++.Now press Enter | | This file includes the declaration of standard input output functions in C++.Now press Enter | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02. | + | | 02.35 |
| Type '''“using”''' space '''“namespace”''' space '''“std”''' and a semicolon '''“;”''' . | | Type '''“using”''' space '''“namespace”''' space '''“std”''' and a semicolon '''“;”''' . | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |02. | + | |02.45 |
| The '''using''' statement informs the compiler that you want to use the '''std namespace''' | | The '''using''' statement informs the compiler that you want to use the '''std namespace''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02. | + | | 02.52 |
| The purpose of '''namespace''' is to avoid name collisions | | The purpose of '''namespace''' is to avoid name collisions | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 02. | + | | 02.56 |
| It is done by localizing the names of identifiers | | It is done by localizing the names of identifiers | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |03. | + | |03.01 |
| It creates a declarative region and defines a scope | | It creates a declarative region and defines a scope | ||
Line 170: | Line 170: | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03. | + | | 03.27 |
| '''main''' is a special '''function''' | | '''main''' is a special '''function''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03. | + | | 03.30 |
| It denotes that the execution of the program begins from this line. | | It denotes that the execution of the program begins from this line. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03. | + | | 03.35 |
|The opening and the closing bracket is called as'' Parenthesis''. | |The opening and the closing bracket is called as'' Parenthesis''. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03. | + | | 03.39 |
| Parenthesis followed by '''main''' tells the user that '''main''' is a '''function.''' | | Parenthesis followed by '''main''' tells the user that '''main''' is a '''function.''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03. | + | | 03.45 |
| Here the '''int''' '''main''' '''function''' takes no '''arguments''' and returns a value of type integer. | | Here the '''int''' '''main''' '''function''' takes no '''arguments''' and returns a value of type integer. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 03. | + | | 03.52 |
| We will learn about data types in another tutorial. | | We will learn about data types in another tutorial. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 03.56 |
|Now Let us switch to the slides to know more about main function. | |Now Let us switch to the slides to know more about main function. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04. | + | | 04.02 |
| Every '''program'''should have one main function | | Every '''program'''should have one main function | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04. | + | | 04.05 |
| There should NOT be more than one “main” function | | There should NOT be more than one “main” function | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04. | + | | 04.09 |
| Otherwise the compiler cannot locate the beginning of the program | | Otherwise the compiler cannot locate the beginning of the program | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04. | + | | 04.13 |
| The empty pair of parentheses indicates that main has no '''arguments''' | | The empty pair of parentheses indicates that main has no '''arguments''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04. | + | | 04.19 |
| The concept of '''arguments''' will be discussed in the upcoming tutorials. Now come back to our program. press enter. | | The concept of '''arguments''' will be discussed in the upcoming tutorials. Now come back to our program. press enter. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04. | + | | 04.296 |
| Type opening curly bracket '''“{”''' | | Type opening curly bracket '''“{”''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04. | + | | 04.32 |
| The opening curly bracket marks the beginning of the '''function main. ''' | | The opening curly bracket marks the beginning of the '''function main. ''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04. | + | | 04.37 |
|Then Type closing curly bracket '''“}”''' | |Then Type closing curly bracket '''“}”''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04. | + | | 04.40 |
| The closing bracket indicates the end of the '''function main ''' | | The closing bracket indicates the end of the '''function main ''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04. | + | | 04.45 |
|Now Inside the bracket press enter twice | |Now Inside the bracket press enter twice | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 04. | + | | 04.49 |
| Move the cursor one line up. | | Move the cursor one line up. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |04. | + | |04.51 |
| Indentation makes the code easier to read | | Indentation makes the code easier to read | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 04.55 |
| It also helps to locate errors faster | | It also helps to locate errors faster | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 04.58 |
|So let us give a space here. | |So let us give a space here. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05. | + | | 05.01 |
|And type '''“cout”''' space two opening angle bracket '''' | |And type '''“cout”''' space two opening angle bracket '''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05. | + | | 05.08 |
| Here '''cout '''is a standard '''C++ function''' to print the output on the terminal. | | Here '''cout '''is a standard '''C++ function''' to print the output on the terminal. | ||
Line 263: | Line 263: | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05. | + | | 05.14 |
|Now after the brackets, type within double quotes ''' | |Now after the brackets, type within double quotes ''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05. | + | | 05.18 |
|Anything within the double quotes in the '''cout ''' functions will be printed. Now inside a quote type“Talk to a teacher backslash \n”'''. | |Anything within the double quotes in the '''cout ''' functions will be printed. Now inside a quote type“Talk to a teacher backslash \n”'''. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05. | + | | 05.31 |
| Here '''\n''' signifies newline | | Here '''\n''' signifies newline | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05. | + | | 05.35 |
| As a result, after execution of the '''cout function''', the cursor moves to the new line. | | As a result, after execution of the '''cout function''', the cursor moves to the new line. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05. | + | | 05.41 |
| Every C++ statement must end with a '''semicolon''' | | Every C++ statement must end with a '''semicolon''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05. | + | | 05.45 |
| Hence type it at the end of this line. | | Hence type it at the end of this line. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 05. | + | | 05.48 |
| Semicolon acts as a statement terminator. Now press Enter. | | Semicolon acts as a statement terminator. Now press Enter. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 05.53 |
| Give a space here and Type '''“return”''' space '''“0”''' and a semicolon '''“;”.''' | | Give a space here and Type '''“return”''' space '''“0”''' and a semicolon '''“;”.''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06. | + | | 06.00 |
| This statement returns the integer zero | | This statement returns the integer zero | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06. | + | | 06.03 |
| An integer has to be returned for this '''function''' | | An integer has to be returned for this '''function''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06. | + | | 06.06 |
| Because the '''function''' type is '''int''' | | Because the '''function''' type is '''int''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06. | + | | 06.10 |
| The '''return''' statement marks the end of executable statements | | The '''return''' statement marks the end of executable statements | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06. | + | | 06.15 |
| We will learn more about the returned values in another tutorial. | | We will learn more about the returned values in another tutorial. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06. | + | | 06.20 |
| Now click on '''“Save”''' button to save the file | | Now click on '''“Save”''' button to save the file | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06. | + | | 06.23 |
| It is a good habit to save files frequently | | It is a good habit to save files frequently | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06. | + | | 06.26 |
| This will protect you from sudden power failures | | This will protect you from sudden power failures | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06. | + | | 06.30 |
| It will also be useful in case the applications were to crash. | | It will also be useful in case the applications were to crash. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06. | + | | 06.34 |
| Let us now compile the program. | | Let us now compile the program. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06. | + | | 06.37 |
| Come back to a terminal | | Come back to a terminal | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 06. | + | | 06.39 |
| Type '''“g++”''' space '''“talk.cpp”''' space hyphen '''“-o”''' space '''“output”.''' | | Type '''“g++”''' space '''“talk.cpp”''' space hyphen '''“-o”''' space '''“output”.''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 06.49 |
|Here '''g++''' is the compiler used to compile '''C++ '''programs | |Here '''g++''' is the compiler used to compile '''C++ '''programs | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 06.55 |
| '''talk.cpp''' is our filename | | '''talk.cpp''' is our filename | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 06.59 |
| '''-o output''' says that the executable should go to the file output. Now press enter | | '''-o output''' says that the executable should go to the file output. Now press enter | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 07. | + | | 07.07 |
| We see that the program is compiled. | | We see that the program is compiled. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 07. | + | | 07.10 |
| By typing '''ls -lrt''', we can see that '''output''' is the last file to be created. | | By typing '''ls -lrt''', we can see that '''output''' is the last file to be created. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 07. | + | | 07.19 |
| Let us execute a program, type dot slash '''“./output” ''' | | Let us execute a program, type dot slash '''“./output” ''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 07. | + | | 07.24 |
|And Press '''Enter.''' | |And Press '''Enter.''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 07. | + | | 07.27 |
| Here the output is displayed as '''“Talk to a teacher”.''' | | Here the output is displayed as '''“Talk to a teacher”.''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 07. | + | | 07.31 |
| Now let us see the common errors which we can come across | | Now let us see the common errors which we can come across | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 07. | + | | 07.35 |
| switch back to a editor. | | switch back to a editor. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 07. | + | | 07.38 |
| Suppose here we miss the '''{'''. | | Suppose here we miss the '''{'''. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 07.42 |
|Now save the file. | |Now save the file. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 07.44 |
| Let us execute.Come back to a terminal | | Let us execute.Come back to a terminal | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 07.48 |
− | | Now compile and run the program using the command we used before. | + | | Now compile and run the program using the command we used before.We see an error |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 07.55 |
| we see that there is an error at line no.7 in our '''talk.cpp''' file | | we see that there is an error at line no.7 in our '''talk.cpp''' file | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 08. | + | | 08.02 |
| That Expected curly bracket at the end of input. | | That Expected curly bracket at the end of input. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 08. | + | | 08.07 |
− | |Now Come back to | + | |Now Come back to our text editor . |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 08. | + | | 08.09 |
| As i said before the closing curly bracket marks the end of the function main | | As i said before the closing curly bracket marks the end of the function main | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 08. | + | | 08.14 |
| Hence re-insert the bracket here. now Save the file. | | Hence re-insert the bracket here. now Save the file. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 08. | + | | 08.19 |
− | | Let us execute it | + | | Let us execute it again |
|- | |- | ||
− | | 08. | + | | 08.21 |
| You can recall the previously entered commands by using up arrow key | | You can recall the previously entered commands by using up arrow key | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 08. | + | | 08.26 |
| That is what I did now. Yes it is working. | | That is what I did now. Yes it is working. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |08. | + | |08.32 |
| I will show you another common error | | I will show you another common error | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 08. | + | | 08.35 |
| Let us switch back to our text editor. | | Let us switch back to our text editor. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 08.38 |
| Now, suppose here we missed '''std.'''Let us save the file | | Now, suppose here we missed '''std.'''Let us save the file | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 08.44 |
| Come back to our terminal . Let us compile . | | Come back to our terminal . Let us compile . | ||
Line 466: | Line 466: | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 08.48 |
| We see that there is an errors at line no 3 and line no 6 in our '''talk.cpp''' file | | We see that there is an errors at line no 3 and line no 6 in our '''talk.cpp''' file | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 08.56 |
| That expected identifier before '''semicolon''' and '''cout''' was not declared in this scope. | | That expected identifier before '''semicolon''' and '''cout''' was not declared in this scope. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |09. | + | |09.05 |
| As '''cout''' is the standard '''C++ library function''' | | As '''cout''' is the standard '''C++ library function''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 09. | + | | 09.09 |
| and the entire '''C++ library function''' is defined under '''std namespace ''' | | and the entire '''C++ library function''' is defined under '''std namespace ''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 09. | + | | 09.15 |
| Hence it is giving an error. | | Hence it is giving an error. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 09. | + | | 09.18 |
| Let us now fix the error | | Let us now fix the error | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 09. | + | | 09.19 |
− | | Come back to our Text editor type '''std''' | + | | Come back to our Text editor type '''std''' here |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 09. | + | | 09.23 |
| Let us Save it. | | Let us Save it. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 09. | + | | 09.25 |
− | | Let us compile it again.Yes it is working. | + | | Let us compile it again.Yes it is working. |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 09.32 |
| As an assignment, | | As an assignment, | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 09.33 |
| Write a program to print your name and city | | Write a program to print your name and city | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 09.37 |
| We used '''single line comment''' in this tutorial | | We used '''single line comment''' in this tutorial | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |09.40 |
| Now just try to give a '''multiline comment''' | | Now just try to give a '''multiline comment''' | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 09.44 |
| Watch the video available at the link shown http://spoken-tutorial.org /What\_is\_a\_Spoken\_Tutorial | | Watch the video available at the link shown http://spoken-tutorial.org /What\_is\_a\_Spoken\_Tutorial | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 09.47 |
| It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project | | It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 09.49 |
| If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it. | | If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |09.53 |
|The Spoken Tutorial Project Team | |The Spoken Tutorial Project Team | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 09.55 |
| Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials | | Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |09.58 |
| Gives certificates to those who pass an online test | | Gives certificates to those who pass an online test | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 10. | + | | 10.01 |
| For more details, please write to contact @spoken-tutorial.org | | For more details, please write to contact @spoken-tutorial.org | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |10. | + | |10.10 |
| Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project | | Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 10. | + | | 10.14 |
| It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India | | It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 10. | + | | 10.20 |
| More information on this Mission is available at: [http://spoken-tutorial.org/ http://spoken-tutorial.org]\NMEICT-Intro | | More information on this Mission is available at: [http://spoken-tutorial.org/ http://spoken-tutorial.org]\NMEICT-Intro | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 10. | + | | 10.25 |
| This is Ashwini Patil from IIT Bombay signing off | | This is Ashwini Patil from IIT Bombay signing off | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | 10.28 |
| Thank you for watching | | Thank you for watching | ||
|} | |} |
Revision as of 15:23, 8 August 2013
Time' | Narration |
00.02 | Welcome to the spoken tutorial on First C++ program. |
00.07 | In this tutorial I am going to explain, |
00.10 | How to write a C++ program |
00.13 | How to compile it |
00.14 | How to execute it |
00.17 | We will also explain some common errors and their solution. |
00.22 | To record this tutorial, I am using Ubuntu operating system version 11.10 and G++ Compiler version 4.5.2 on Ubuntu. |
00.35 | To practice this tutorial, |
00.38 | You should be familiar with Ubuntu Operating System and an Editor |
00.44 | Some editors are vim and gedit |
00.48 | I am using gedit in this tutorial |
00.51 | For relevant tutorial Please visit our website: http://spoken-tutorial.org |
00.56 | Let me tell you how to write a C++ program through an example |
01.01 | Open the terminal Window using Ctrl, Alt and T keys simultaneously on your keyboard. |
01.09 | To open the text editor, type under terminal. |
01.13 | “gedit” space “talk” dot “.cpp” space ampersand “&”. |
01.21 | We use the “&” to free up the prompt. |
01.25 | Please note that all the C++ files will have the extension “.cpp” |
01.31 | Now Press Enter |
01.33 | the text editor has opened. |
01.36 | Let us start to write a program. |
01.38 | Type double slash “//” space |
01.41 | “My first C++ program”. |
01.44 | Here, double slash is used to comment the line |
01.49 | Comments are used to understand the flow of program |
01.52 | It is useful for documentation |
01.55 | It gives us information about the program |
01.59 | The double slash is called as single line comment.Now press Enter. |
02.05 | Type hash “#include” space opening angle bracket closing angle bracket .
|
02.13 | It is a good practice to complete the brackets first, and then start writing inside it |
02.20 | Now Inside the bracket, type “iostream” . |
02.23 | Here iostream is a header file |
02.26 | This file includes the declaration of standard input output functions in C++.Now press Enter |
02.35 | Type “using” space “namespace” space “std” and a semicolon “;” . |
02.45 | The using statement informs the compiler that you want to use the std namespace |
02.52 | The purpose of namespace is to avoid name collisions |
02.56 | It is done by localizing the names of identifiers |
03.01 | It creates a declarative region and defines a scope |
03.05 | Anything defined within a namespace is in the SCOPE of that namespace |
03.11 | Here std is the namespace in which entire standard C++ library is declared. Now press Enter.
|
03.20 | Type “int” space “main” opening bracket “(” closing bracket “)” .
|
03.27 | main is a special function |
03.30 | It denotes that the execution of the program begins from this line. |
03.35 | The opening and the closing bracket is called as Parenthesis. |
03.39 | Parenthesis followed by main tells the user that main is a function. |
03.45 | Here the int main function takes no arguments and returns a value of type integer. |
03.52 | We will learn about data types in another tutorial. |
03.56 | Now Let us switch to the slides to know more about main function. |
04.02 | Every programshould have one main function |
04.05 | There should NOT be more than one “main” function |
04.09 | Otherwise the compiler cannot locate the beginning of the program |
04.13 | The empty pair of parentheses indicates that main has no arguments |
04.19 | The concept of arguments will be discussed in the upcoming tutorials. Now come back to our program. press enter. |
04.296 | Type opening curly bracket “{” |
04.32 | The opening curly bracket marks the beginning of the function main. |
04.37 | Then Type closing curly bracket “}” |
04.40 | The closing bracket indicates the end of the function main |
04.45 | Now Inside the bracket press enter twice |
04.49 | Move the cursor one line up. |
04.51 | Indentation makes the code easier to read |
04.55 | It also helps to locate errors faster |
04.58 | So let us give a space here. |
05.01 | And type “cout” space two opening angle bracket ' |
05.08 | Here cout is a standard C++ function to print the output on the terminal.
|
05.14 | Now after the brackets, type within double quotes |
05.18 | Anything within the double quotes in the cout functions will be printed. Now inside a quote type“Talk to a teacher backslash \n”. |
05.31 | Here \n signifies newline |
05.35 | As a result, after execution of the cout function, the cursor moves to the new line. |
05.41 | Every C++ statement must end with a semicolon
|
05.45 | Hence type it at the end of this line. |
05.48 | Semicolon acts as a statement terminator. Now press Enter. |
05.53 | Give a space here and Type “return” space “0” and a semicolon “;”. |
06.00 | This statement returns the integer zero
|
06.03 | An integer has to be returned for this function
|
06.06 | Because the function type is int
|
06.10 | The return statement marks the end of executable statements
|
06.15 | We will learn more about the returned values in another tutorial. |
06.20 | Now click on “Save” button to save the file
|
06.23 | It is a good habit to save files frequently
|
06.26 | This will protect you from sudden power failures
|
06.30 | It will also be useful in case the applications were to crash. |
06.34 | Let us now compile the program. |
06.37 | Come back to a terminal
|
06.39 | Type “g++” space “talk.cpp” space hyphen “-o” space “output”. |
06.49 | Here g++ is the compiler used to compile C++ programs
|
06.55 | talk.cpp is our filename |
06.59 | -o output says that the executable should go to the file output. Now press enter |
07.07 | We see that the program is compiled. |
07.10 | By typing ls -lrt, we can see that output is the last file to be created. |
07.19 | Let us execute a program, type dot slash “./output”
|
07.24 | And Press Enter. |
07.27 | Here the output is displayed as “Talk to a teacher”. |
07.31 | Now let us see the common errors which we can come across
|
07.35 | switch back to a editor. |
07.38 | Suppose here we miss the {. |
07.42 | Now save the file. |
07.44 | Let us execute.Come back to a terminal |
07.48 | Now compile and run the program using the command we used before.We see an error |
07.55 | we see that there is an error at line no.7 in our talk.cpp file
|
08.02 | That Expected curly bracket at the end of input. |
08.07 | Now Come back to our text editor . |
08.09 | As i said before the closing curly bracket marks the end of the function main
|
08.14 | Hence re-insert the bracket here. now Save the file.
|
08.19 | Let us execute it again
|
08.21 | You can recall the previously entered commands by using up arrow key
|
08.26 | That is what I did now. Yes it is working. |
08.32 | I will show you another common error
|
08.35 | Let us switch back to our text editor. |
08.38 | Now, suppose here we missed std.Let us save the file |
08.44 | Come back to our terminal . Let us compile .
|
08.48 | We see that there is an errors at line no 3 and line no 6 in our talk.cpp file
|
08.56 | That expected identifier before semicolon and cout was not declared in this scope. |
09.05 | As cout is the standard C++ library function
|
09.09 | and the entire C++ library function is defined under std namespace
|
09.15 | Hence it is giving an error. |
09.18 | Let us now fix the error
|
09.19 | Come back to our Text editor type std here |
09.23 | Let us Save it. |
09.25 | Let us compile it again.Yes it is working. |
09.32 | As an assignment,
|
09.33 | Write a program to print your name and city
|
09.37 | We used single line comment in this tutorial
|
09.40 | Now just try to give a multiline comment
|
09.44 | Watch the video available at the link shown http://spoken-tutorial.org /What\_is\_a\_Spoken\_Tutorial
|
09.47 | It summarises the Spoken Tutorial project
|
09.49 | If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it. |
09.53 | The Spoken Tutorial Project Team
|
09.55 | Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials
|
09.58 | Gives certificates to those who pass an online test
|
10.01 | For more details, please write to contact @spoken-tutorial.org |
10.10 | Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project |
10.14 | It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India
|
10.20 | More information on this Mission is available at: http://spoken-tutorial.org\NMEICT-Intro |
10.25 | This is Ashwini Patil from IIT Bombay signing off
|
10.28 | Thank you for watching |
Contributors and Content Editors
Ashwini, Devraj, PoojaMoolya, Pratik kamble, Sandhya.np14, Sneha