PHP-and-MySQL/C2/Arrays/English-timed
From Script | Spoken-Tutorial
| Time | Narration |
| 00:00 | Hello and welcome to the tutorial on Arrays. |
| 00:03 | Arrays allow the user to store more than one piece of data inside a variable. |
| 00:08 | For example, the variable $days would be called as an array. |
| 00:12 | Inside a pair of parentheses, we're going to have more than one value. |
| 00:17 | So, I'll pick 5 values for this and have every day of the week inside each of these. |
| 00:23 | I'll have Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday - just 5 days of the week, that saves us. |
| 00:39 | Say for example, day one ($day1) is Monday, day two is Tuesday and so on. |
| 00:49 | Hope you get the picture. This is a much easier and more efficient way of calling a variable with more than one piece of data inside it. |
| 00:59 | Please note that these can also be numbers or whatever data that you decide, you require inside them. |
| 01:07 | Now, to echo out our array, I'm going to say echo $days. |
| 01:12 | Now, you find that this doesn't work. |
| 01:16 | This happens when we open up our page. |
| 01:20 | We just get "Array" echoed out. |
| 01:22 | Now, "Array" is not anywhere inside here. |
| 01:24 | So, what PHP has done is, echoed out the fact that what we have is an array. |
| 01:32 | Now, to call a specific element inside an array, you might want to call it element, in some places they call it id tags or elements of an array. |
| 01:41 | We're going to use square brackets and we'll call the position of the element inside the array. |
| 01:45 | So, you may think this is one, two, three, four, five. |
| 01:50 | However, because of the numbering system- the standard numbering system, we are starting with zero, one, two, three and four. |
| 01:58 | So, for example, if I wanted to echo out Monday that would be zero; so, you put zero in that and you have Monday echoed out. |
| 02:09 | The same with one would be Tuesday and four which is the last element of the array would be Friday. |
| 02:18 | Okay. So, we're going to go ahead and I'm going to show you how to assign values in a different way into an array. |
| 02:26 | Now, let me start from the beginning of what I want to say. |
| 02:32 | I'm going to create an array but I'm going to create it specifically. |
| 02:39 | So, $days zero equals Monday, days one equals Tuesday. |
| 02:53 | Now, you may think - what's the point of this? I mean, what I'm doing here essentially is creating what I said earlier would be a bit of a hassle. |
| 03:04 | I mean I could say day 1 equals, you know and day 2 equals and you could do it like that. |
| 03:15 | However, what we're still doing here is putting into an array. |
| 03:19 | So, it may still contain the same structure but we're assigning it in a different way. |
| 03:25 | So, you can do it like that. I always prefer to do it like this. |
| 03:33 | I find this much cleaner, much simpler and just to let you know - you can bring this down like this. |
| 03:45 | However, if you prefer to view it, I mean if I save this now, refresh, nothing is changed. |
| 03:54 | There are no errors, we still get the same structure, we've just moved it down on lines. |
| 04:01 | There's the line terminator at the end of your function and not at the end of every line; so, don't get confused with that. |
| 04:11 | Okay. So, let's now go back to this. |
| 04:15 | So, that's the basic array and how to create values for it in two different ways and how to call values for it. |
| 04:23 | So, for example if I was saying echo "Today is" $days and then I can say zero. |
| 04:34 | Now, you can see already that I've highlighted this in context - I've highlighted that in green. |
| 04:41 | Now, if you refresh this, you'll see "This is Monday". |
| 04:44 | Now don't get confused, I do recommend you to use contexts. |
| 04:48 | However, this isn't the standard way that contact recognizes the coding. |
| 04:53 | What it would look better is - you'll see that when we write it down here, we could say echo $days and zero; you can see how that's in red to show an integer, a number. |
| 05:09 | The way it would like you to write is like that and we can see, that's fine. |
| 05:16 | But you can incorporate an array into your string in order to echo it out. |
| 05:23 | Anyway, I'm going to go on to associative arrays where we're going to assign id tags in a way where we hold a value for each sort of identity. |
| 05:36 | If you don't follow, then this is the way I'm going to create it. |
| 05:46 | I'm going to say $ages equals array(); now inside, I'm going to say "Alex". |
| 06:03 | Now, instead of going on and saying "Billy" and then "Kyle" which are the three names I'm going to use, I'm going to say nineteen, fourteen and eighteen. |
| 06:20 | Basically using equals and a greater than sign (=>). |
| 06:24 | Now, what this has done is instead of our array elements as in this being called by zero, this being called by one, this being called by two. |
| 06:34 | This is now called as "Alex", this is called as "Billy" and this is called as "Kyle" but their values are fourteen, nineteen and eighteen. |
| 06:45 | So, really, it would be the same as writing that. Let's get rid of that and calling this as zero, one and two. |
| 06:55 | And to make it a bit more friendly and a bit easier to remember, a bit easier to call, we can now say: echo out $ages "Alex" like that. |
| 07:09 | So, this will echo out nineteen as we refresh and see there - nineteen. The same if you do it with 'Billy' and the same with 'Kyle'. |
| 07:24 | So, when you're half way through a program and instead of saying aah!! I'll have to go back to the top and count along each row and say "Is this zero, one, two or three, I can't remember?" |
| 07:38 | This is much easier to do. Another useful way of doing this is, if I was to say array one is equal to 'Alex' and then two is equal to 'Billy' , |
| 07:50 | we are not starting at zero and then one. We're starting at one and two so that we find that is easier to remember. |
| 08:00 | Now, we can now say echo $ages one, that comes out as "Alex". |
| 08:08 | We're not using zero for that, it's a lot more user friendly for you to program than to say- zero, one, two. |
| 08:17 | Try it out - work around it - see what's easiest for you. |
| 08:21 | But, I mean this to me is quite pointless because I'm in the mood of using zero, one, two. |
| 08:28 | But if you want to use it like I have before or like this or assign a string value to any data type then that's the way to do it. |
| 08:37 | Okay, that's the basics of arrays. I have another tutorial on multidimensional arrays. |
| 08:44 | Its a separate tutorial. Please watch it. |
| 08:47 | That's all in this tutorial. Thanks for watching. This is Arvind, dubbing for the Spoken Tutorial project. Bye. |
